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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic characteristics of natural gases from the Luliang and Baoshan basins in Yunnan Province, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第9期49卷 938-946页

作者： XU Yongchang1, LIU Wenhui2, SHEN Ping1, WANG Wanchun1, WANG Xiaofeng1, Tenger1, YAN Yaomin3 & LIU Ruobin3 1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas resources, institute of geology and Geophsics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 2. research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, SINOPEC, beijing 100083, china 3. South Branch of Petroleum Exploration and Production Company, SINOPEC, Kuming 650000, china Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas resources Institute of Geology and Geophsics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing China South Branch of Petroleum Exploration and Production Company SINOPEC Kuming China

The Luliang and Baoshan basins of Yunnan Province are two small-sizedcontinental oil/gas-bearing sedimentary basins, which were developed at the bases of theCarboniferous and Devonian systems during the Late Tertiary, covering an area of 325 km^2 and 254km^2, respectively. Since the 1990s, there have been discovered small-sized natural gas pools inthese two basins. The natural gases are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gases, with nonhydrocarbonsaccounting for less than 2%. Of the hydrocarbon gases, methane accounts for more than 99%, and thecomponents above C_2 account for less than 0.2%. On the basis of previous studies of geologicalbackground, the composition of natural gases and their carbon isotopic composition, it has beendefined that these two gas pools are of bacterial origin. In this work we have comprehensivelymeasured the carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gases from these two basins andhave gone into the details of the mechanism of gas generation. The δ^(13)C_1 values of naturalgases from the Luliang Basin are within the range of -72.1 per thousand - -73.3 per thousand, andthe δD_(CH_4) values, -242 per thousand - -234 per thousand, indicating that the bacterial gasgeneration is dominated by the way of CO_2 reduction. It has been evidenced that undercontinental-facies fresh water conditions there did occur the CO_2 reduction as a process ofbacterial gas generation. The δ^(13)C_1 values of natural gases from the Baoshan Basin are withinthe range of - 62.5 per thousand - -63.5 per thousand, and the δD_(CH_4) values, -252 per thousand- -260 per thousand. These isotopic characteristics are fallen into transitional phase of acetatefermentation and CO_2 reduction as defined by Whiticar et al. (1986). An important discovery in theLuliang Basin is the carbon isotopic composition of ethane of purely biogenetic origin, i.e., itsδ^(13)C_2 values are within the range of - 61.2 per thousand - - 66.0 per thousand. These carbonisotopic values have been r

关键词： bacterial gas, carbon and hydrogen isotope, CO2 reduction, acetate fermentation.

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A paleontological perspective of vertebrate origin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第8期48卷 725-735页

作者： SHU Degan Early Life institute & Department of geology, Northwest University, Xi抋n, 710069, china School of Earth Sciences and resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing, 100083, china (e-mail: elidgshu@ ***) Early Life institute Department of Geology Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China School of Earth Sciences and resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The Early Cambrian Haikouichthys and Haikouella have been claimed to be related to contribute in an important way to our understanding of vertebrate origin, but there have been heated debates about how exactly they are to be interpreted. New discoveries of numerous speci-mens of Haikouichthys not only confirm the identity of pre-viously described structures such as the dorsal and the ven-tral fins, and chevron-shaped myomeres, but also reveal many new important characteristics, including sensory or-gans of the head (e.g. large eyes), and a prominent notochord with differentiated vertebral elements. This 揻irst fish?ap-pears, however, to retain primitive reproductive features of acraniates, suggesting that it is a stem-group craniates. A new order (Myllokunmingiida) and a new family (Myllo-kunmingiidae) are erected, and a new species, Zhongjianich-thys rostratus (gen. et sp. nov.), is described herein. Over 1400 newly-discovered specimens of Haikouella provide a wealth of anatomical information on this organism. It differs from chordates in many organs and organ systems, including the skin, muscles, respiratory, circulatory and nervous sys-tems. In contrast, its body-design resembles that of vetuli-colians, and the presence of a 搕ransitional?nervous system with both dorsal and ventral nerve cords suggests an affinity with living hemichordates. On the basis of these and other recent findings of fossil deuterostomes, a five-step hypothesis for vertebrate origin is proposed, intended to bridge the long- standing gap between protostomes and vertebrates. Four of the five steps accord with established ideas current in modern evolutionary zoology. Evidence for the first step is obtainable only from fossils, and specifically from fossils found from South china, hence the crucial importance of S. china sites for our understanding of early vertebrate origins and evolution. Accordingly, South china is suggested as the oldest-known birthplace of the whole vertebrates.

关键词：脊椎动物动物起源寒武纪中国南部地区

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Orogenic and Anorogenic Granitoids in the Altay Mountains of Xinjiang and Their Discrimination Criteria

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1989年第1期63卷 45-64页

作者： Zou Tianren institute of mineral Deposits, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, beijing Chao Huizhi and Wu Baiqing Xinjiang institute of geology, Ministry of metallurgical Industry Urumqi, Xinjiang Jiang Minxi 1Teliti and Yang Yueqing also participated in the field work. Those who participated in the laboratory study also include Yang Bingbin Duan Shangzhi Lü Qiaoling Li Longqi and Yu Shimei.

On the basis of field geological studies of the granotoids in the region, mineralogical, petrological, geochemical(including stable isotope geochemical) and isotopic geochronological investigations were carried out on selected representative granitic bodies of various types. The authors have concluded that, apart from the bodies of the orogenic granitoid series, there also exist intrusions of the anorogenic granitoid series in the region. The intrusives of the two series were formed not only in different ages and tectonic environments, but also were derived from different sources of materials. Moreover, they are associated with different mineralizations, belonging to different minerologenetic series(Cheng et al., 1983). They show distinctly a series of discriminative criteria. The problems under discussion in the present paper are of important theoretical and practical significance in the studies of granites of the orogenic belt, particularly the studies of the genesis and related metallogeny of the granites of the region.

关键词： Orogenic and Anorogenic Granitoids in the Altay Mountains of Xinjiang and Their Discrimination Criteria

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Relationships Between the North china Plate and the Tarim Plate

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1994年第2期68卷 109-124,226页

作者： Wang Tingyin, Wang Jinrong, Liu Jinkun, D epartment of geology, Lanzhou U niversity, Lanzhou, GansuWang Shizheng, Ningxia bureau of geology and mineral resources, Yinchuan, Ningxiaand Wu Jiahong Shenyang institute of geology and mineral resources, Shenyang, Liaoning Department of geology Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu China

The relationships and boundary between the North china and Tarim plates have been unclear for a long time ; however, the two plates occupy a prominent position in the formation and evolution of the continental lithosphere of china. It is proposed that the Engger Us ophiolitic melange zone discovered recently north of Alaxa is a typical suture between the two plates. The ophiolitic melange zone is composed mainly of a mixture of fragments of ancient oceanic crust and sedimentary rocks of active and passive continental margins. The melange may be divided into tectonic inclusions and matrix. The suture extends northeastwards into the Republic of Mongolia and probably westwards to meet the Altun fault. With the Engger Us ophiolitic melange zone as the boundary the Alaxa area may be divided into two parts: the northern part (AN ) belongs to the Tarim plate, while the southern part (AS) the North china plate. Geological evidence shows that the two plates were amalgamated in the Late Permian or a bit later.

关键词： North china plate Tarim plate ophiolitic melange tectonic evolution

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Helium isotope investigation on magnetic reversal boundaries of loess-paleosol sequence at Luochuan, central Chinese Loess Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第17期52卷 2407-2412页

作者： DU XueQing1,6, WANG YongHong2, REN JianGuo3, YE XianRen4 & LU HuaYu5,1 1 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology, institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, china 2 College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of china, Qingdao 266003, china 3 National Natural Science Foundation of china, beijing 100085, china 4 Lanzhou research Center for Petroleum and Natural Gas resources, institute of geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 5 Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development, School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, china 6 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China Qingdao China National Natural Science Foundation of china Beijing China Lanzhou research Center for Petroleum and Natural Gas resources Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Extraterrestrial particles have higher 3He/4He ratios than those of terrestrial sediments ( > 100 Ra versus < 0.03 Ra, where Ra is the 3He/4He ratio normalized to the atmospheric value of 1.4×10?6). The inter- planet... 详细信息

Extraterrestrial particles have higher 3He/4He ratios than those of terrestrial sediments ( > 100 Ra versus 3 Ra, where Ra is the 3He/4He ratio normalized to the atmospheric value of 1.4×10?6). The inter- planetary dust particles (IDPs), which are very rich in 3He, continuously bombard the Earth and can accumulate in deposits. IDPs sedimentation rate changes can significantly influence 3He concentration in the Earth surface sediments. Since IDPs are not easy to detect in terrestrial deposits, measuring helium isotopes is a helpful approach to examine changes in IDPs. Helium concentration and helium isotopic composition magnetic substances and the quartz particles were examined for helium concen- tration and helium isotopic ratio. Results show that the 3He/4He ratio and the 3He concentrations of the magnetic substances are clearly higher than those of the bulk samples and the quartz particles, and, the 3He/4He ratio of the extracted magnetic substances is also higher than that of the average level of the Earth’s crust. The higher helium content in the magnetic fractions can be explained by an influx of IDPs.

关键词：中国黄土高原古土壤氦同位素行星际尘埃颗粒反方向磁化

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Oxygen isotope compositions of eclogites in Rongcheng,Eastern china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第4期48卷 372-378页

作者： CHU Xuelei1,2, GUO Jinghui1,2, FAN Hongrui1,2 & JIN Chengwei1 1. institute of geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2. Key Laboratory for mineral resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china Correspondence should be addressed to Chu Xuelei institute of geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Key Laboratory for mineral resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Collected from the Rongcheng region, Shan-dong Province, the three types of eclogites suffering the UHP (i.e. ultra-high pressure) metamorphism have obviously dif-ferent oxygen isotope compositions. The eclogites occurring in regional orthogneisses and ultramafic rocks have the oxy-gen isotope compositions of normal eclogites in the world,but the eclogites existing in marbles are extremely enrichedin 18O. By applying oxygen isotope geothermometry, for theall types of eclogites, the temperature estimates of quartz-garnet pair, in principle, indicate the formation temperatures of eclogites, so that the peak-metamorphic temperatures are estimated to be averagely little higher than 800℃, which are consistent with the estimates by using other geothermome-ters according to cation partitioning between coexistingphases. The d 18O values of eclogitic inclusions hosted inmarbles from Yangguantun, Rongcheng region, are farhigher than the values of eclogites (including eclogitic inclu-sions in marbles) from the Dabieshan and other places of the Sulu. The oxygen isotope compositions of various mineralsindicate that the formation temperatures of eclogites fromthe Rongcheng region, in general, are higher than that from the Dabieshan and the southwestern part of the Sulu, but the dispersive temperatures estimated by different mineral pairs probably reflect that the UHP eclogites from the Rongcheng region generally suffered overprinted metamorphisms dur-ing the exhumation.

关键词：苏鲁超高压变质带 UHP 山东荣成榴辉岩氧同位素成分

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Genesis of Yangla Banded Skarn-Hosted Copper Deposit in Tethys Orogenic Belt of Southwestern china

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Journal of Earth Science 1999年第1期18卷 62-65页

作者： Zhan Mingguo Lu Yuanfa Yichang institute of geology and mineral resources, CAGS, Yichang 443003 Dong Fangliu Department of geology and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083 Chen Kaixu Wei Junqi Yichang institute of

Yangla copper deposit is the largest banded skarn hosted copper deposit found recently in the Tethys orogenic belt of Southwestern china. On the basis of the study of distribution, petrology and mineralogy as well as major element, REE and isotope geochemistry, the authors find that the banded skarn, which hosts the deposit, was precipitated from hydrothermal solutions in the form of exhalate sediment. Therefore, the banded skarn hosted copper deposit is a Sedex type deposit, with a series of stacked, conformable lenses underlain by at least one stringer zone. The deposit, intercalated at the contact of lower clastic rock and upper carbonate rock of Gajinxueshan Group, was formed in the Carboniferous ((296.1±7.0) Ma), contemporary to the host Gajinxueshan Group. The interpretation of the genesis of Yangla banded skarn hosted copper deposit is of fundamental exploration significance for the discovery of Sedex type copper deposit in the region.

关键词： banded skarn metallogenic genesis Yangla copper deposit.

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Characteristics of fluid inclusion planes and dynamical mechanism of structure-fluid-ore-forming processes in Yindongpo gold deposit, Henan Province, china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 150-152页

作者： WEI Changshan~1, ZHAI Yusheng~2 and GHI Sanchuan~2 1. Yichang institute of geology and mineral resources, Chinese Academy of Geoscience, Yichang 443003, china 2. china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china Yichang institute of geology and mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geoscience Yichang 443003 China china University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

THE Yindongpo gold deposit, situated in northern Tongbei County, northern Qinling orogenic belt, is alarge-scale one controlled by the Heqianzhuang anticline that plunges northwestwards and dips northeastwards. The ore-bodies locates in the carbon layers belonging to the Neoproterozoic Waitoushan *** ore-forming periods can be distinguished: the pre-Mesozoic epithermal mineralization in primary sediment with metamorphic superposition and the Mesozoic epithermal-mesothermal mineralization related totectonomagmatic activities. The principal ore-forming period can be divided into four stages. The ore bodies consist of networked and brecciated quartz veins. Gold is mainly rich in the veinlet-type quartz veinsthat formed during the diagentic-metamorphism or syn-metamorphic hydrothermal period, but a little inthe coarse veins related to later tectonomagmatic activities. The phenomenon that the fracturing degree

关键词： fluid inclusion planes dynamical mechanism structure-fluid-ore-forming processes gold deposit Yindongpo Henan.

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Geochronology of middle Neoproterozoic volcanic deposits in Yangtze Craton interior of South china and its implications to tectonic settings

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第9期53卷 1307-1315页

作者： WANG ZhengJiang1, WANG Jian1, DUAN TaiZhong2, XIE Yuan1, ZHUO JieWen1,3 & YANG Ping1 1 Chengdu institute of geology and mineral resources, Ministry of Land and resources, Chengdu 610082, china 2 Marathon Oil UK Ltd., Aberdeen, Scotland, AB15 6FZ, UK 3 Graduate Department, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, beijing 100037, china Chengdu institute of geology and mineral resources Ministry of Land and Resources Chengdu China Marathon Oil UK Ltd. Aberdeen Scotland UK Graduate Department Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

Here we report new SHRIMP dating results of the crystal tuff in Ejiaao Formation of middle Banxi Group in northern Guizhou. The results indicate that the volcanic deposition occurred at ~780 Ma. We also suggests that the igneous activities across Yangtze Craton with diabase dyke swarms and basal volcanic rocks during middle Banxi time are indicative of the episodic, extensive and vigorous great bimodal igneous events during middle Neoproterozoic (825-720 Ma) in South china. The characteristics of the igneous series are contrary to the model claiming they are of island-arc origin, but suggest that they are the records of rifting process and may be related to the episodic plume activities leading to the break-up of Rodinia.

关键词： Yangtze Craton middle Neoproterozoic Ejiaao Formation of Banxi Group SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating episodic and bimodal igneous series

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Thermal-mechanical coupled effect on fracture mechanism and plastic characteristics of sandstone

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 833-843页

作者： ZUO JianPing1,2, XIE HePing2,3, ZHOU HongWei1,2 PENG SuPing1 1 State Key Laboratory of Coal resources and Safe Mining, china University of Mining and Technology, beijing 100083, china 2 institute of Rock Mechanics and Fractals, china University of Mining and Technology, beijing 100083, china 3 Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, china State Key Laboratory of Coal resources and Safe Mining China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China institute of Rock Mechanics and Fractals China University of Mining and Technology Beijing China Sichuan University Chengdu China

Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate fractographs of sandstone in mine roof strata under thermal-mechanical coupled effect. Based on the evolution of sandstone surface morphology in the failure process and frac- tography, the fracture mechanism was studied and classified under meso and mi- cro scales, respectively. The differences between fractographs under different tem- peratures were examined in detail. Under high temperature, fatigue fracture and plastic deformation occurred in the fracture surface. Therefore, the temperature was manifested by these phenomena to influence strongly on micro failure mechanism of sandstone. In addition, the failure mechanism would transit from brittle failure mechanism at low temperature to coupled brittle-ductile failure mechanism at high temperature. The variation of sandstone strength under differ- ent temperature can be attributed to the occurrence of plastic deformation, fatigue fracture, and microcracking. The fatigue striations in the fracture surfaces under high temperature may be interpreted as micro fold. And the coupled effect of tem- perature and tensile stress may be another formation mechanism of micro fold in geology.

关键词： sandstone, thermal-mechanical coupled effects, fractograph, plastic deformation, SEM, micro fold

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