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Effect of Nitrate on Root Development and Nitrogen Uptake of Suaeda physophora Under NaCl Salinity

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 536-544页

作者： YUAN Jun-Feng FENG Gu MA Hai-Yan TIAN Chang-Yan Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography ChineseAcademy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 （China） Graduate-UniversitY of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 （China） College of Resources and environmental sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 （China）

The effects of NaCl salinity and NO^-3 on growth, root morphology, and nitrogen uptake of a halophyte Suaeda physophora were evaluated in a factorial experiment with four concentrations of NaCl （1, 150, 300, and 450 mmol L^-1） and three NO^-3 levels （0.05, 5, and 10 mmol L^-1） in solution culture for 30 d. Addition of NO^-3 at 10 mmol L^-1 significantly improved the shoot （P 〈 0.001） and root （P 〈 0.001） growth and the promotive effect of NO^-3 was more pronounced on root dry weight despite the high NaCl concentration in the culture solution, leading to a significant increase in the root：shoot ratio （P 〈 0.01）. Lateral root length, but not primary root length, considerably increased with increasing NaCl salinity and NO^-3 levels （P 〈 0.001）, implying that Na^＋ and NO3^- in the culture solution simultaneously stimulated lateral root growth. Concentrations of Na^＋ in plant tissues were also significantly increased by higher NaCl treatments （P 〈 0.001）. At 10 mmol L^-1 NO^-3, the concentrations of NO^-3 and total nitrogen and nitrate reductase activities in the roots were remarkably reduced by increasing salinity （P 〈 0.001）, but were unaffected in the shoots. The results indicated that the fine lateral root development and effective nitrogen uptake of the shoots might contribute to high salt tolerance of S. physophora under adequate NO^-3 supply.

关键词： halophyte lateral roots nitrate reductase activity root morphology

A COUPLED MODEL OF HYDRODYNAMICS AND WATER QUALITY FOR YUQIAO RESERVOIR IN HAIHE RIVER BASIN

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第5期20卷 574-582页

作者： LIU Xiao-bo PENG Wen-qi HE Guo-jian LIU Jing-ling WANG Yu-chun School of environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Water environment China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing100038 China Department of Hydraulic Engineering State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering TsinghuaUniversity Beijing 100084 China

In order to simulate the characteristics of hydrodynamic field and mass transport processes in the Yuqiao Reservoir （YQR）, a 2.D coupled model of hydrodynamics and water quality was developed, and the water-quality related state variables in this model included CODMn, TN and TP. The hydrodynamic model was driven by employing observed winds and daily measured flow data to simulate the seasonal water cycle of the reservoir. The simulation of the mass transport and transformation processes of CODMn, TN and TP was based on the unsteady diffusion equations, driven by observed meteorological forcing and external loadings, with the fluxes form the bottom of reservoir and the plant photosynthesis and respiration as internal sources and sinks. A finite volume method and Alternating Direction Implicit （ADI） scheme were used to solve these equations. The model was calibrated and verified by using the data observed from YQR in two different years. The results showed that in YQR, the wind-driven current was an important style of lake current, while the concentration of water quality item was decreasing from east to west because of the external pollutant loadings. There was a good agreement between the simulated and measured values, with the minimal calculation error percent of 0.1% and 2.6% and the mean error percent of 44.0% and 51.2. for TN and TP separately. The simulation also showed that, in YQR, the convection was the main process in estuaries of inflow river, and diffusion and biochemical processes dominate in center of reservoir. So it was necessary to build a pre-pond to reduce the external loadings into the reservoir.

关键词： model simulation Yuqiao Reservoir (YQR) wind driven current water quality

Characteristics of the Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary facies assemblages in the Songpan-Ruoergai area

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第3期17卷 305-313页

作者： YAN Zhen, YU Liangjun, LI Jiliang, BIAN Qiantao, WANG Zongqi and YANG Yongcheng ( institute of Geology, Chinese academy of Geological {2., beijing 100037, china State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of {2., beijing 10002., china Shaanxi Insititute of Geology Survey, Xianyang 712.00, china) [a]institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China [b]State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [c]Shaanxi Insititute of Geology Survey Xianyang China

The Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Songpan-Ruoergai area mainly consist of calcareous siltstone, muddy limestone, lithic arkose, feldspathic litharenite, mudstone, wormkalk, oolithic limestone, and conglomerate. Except for limestone bed increasing eastward longitudinally and vertically, the calcareous component of the sandstones increases obviously. Abundant benthic and plant fossils and their clasts occur within these rocks. The sedimentary structures predominately contain flaser, parallel, tabular, wavy, and herringbone cross beddings. These data coevally imply that the Middle-Late Triassic sediments deposited in the fluvial, lake and tide environments. Additionally, the rocks display graded, parallel, hummocky beddings, and sandy lamination, a feature characteristic of storm deposits.

关键词： Middle-Upper Triassic fluvial-lake environments tide environment tempestite Songpan-Ruoergai

Construction and characterization of the transformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) libraries of Leymus multicaulis

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第7期51卷 604-613页

作者： XU YueYu 1,2.3,ZHOU YuLei 4,5 ,SONG LinLin 6 ,ZHANG Yan 3 &ZHAO MaoLin 1 1 beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center,beijing {2. of Agriculture and forestry Science,beijing 100097,china 2.Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan institute of Engineering,Xiangtan 411104,china 3 College of Life Science,Capital Normal University,beijing 100037,china 4 College of Life Science,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Technology,Guangzhou 5102.5,china 5 College of Grassland Science,Gansu agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,china 6 Department of Biology,Henan institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,china 1. beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science Beijing 100097 China 2. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of Engineering Xiangtan 411104 China 3. College of Life Science Capital Normal University Beijing 100037 China 4. College of Life Science Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Technology Guangzhou 510225 China 5. College of Grassland Science Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730070 China 6. Department of Biology Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang 453003 China

Transformation-competent artificial chromosome system is able to clone and transfer genes efficiently in *** order to clone genes highly tolerant to barley yellow dwarf virus(BYDV),Aphids,drought and salt from Leymus multicaulis,the two TAC genomic libraries I and II were constructed in vector pYLTAC17 and pYLTAC747H/sacB,which contain about 165000 and 2.6000 recombinant clones *** genome coverage of the two libraries was totally estimated to be about 3―5 haploid genome equivalents,as size selection of genomic DNA fragments was approximately from 9 to 300 *** of the genomic libraries were collected as bulked pools each containing 500 clones or so,stored in twelve 96-deep-well plates and then were gridding in triplicate onto a high-density colony hybridization filter with a 3×3 pattern using a GeneTAC?G3 arraying robot after being transferred manually into three 384-well *** 2.01 and 2.90 clones of Library in pYLTAC17 and in pYLTAC747H/sacB were stored individually in fourteen 384-well plates and then were automatically gridding in duplicate onto a high-density colony hybridization filter with a 6×6 pattern after a replication of *** positive clones were detected by using the probe glutahione reductase gene of *** libraries constructed here can be used to isolate genomic clones containing target genes,and to carry out genome walking for positional *** the target TAC clones were isolated,they could be immediately transferred into plant genomes with the Agrobacterium system.

关键词： Leymus multicaulis megabase-size DNA transformation-competent artificial chromosome(TAC) genomic library

Photosynthesis of Populus euphratica and its response to elevated CO2.concentration in an arid environment

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第4期19卷 443-451页

作者： Honghua Zhou a,b,c, Yaning Chena,b, Weihong Li a,b, Yapeng Chen a,b, Lixin Fud a Xinjiang institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese academy of {2., 818 South beijing Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, china b Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert environment, Xinjiang institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese academy of {2., Urumqi 830011, china c Graduate School of Chinese academy of {2., beijing 100039, china d College of Natural Resources and environment Science of Xinjiang agricultural University, Urumqi 830052. china [a]Xinjiang institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences 818 South Beijing Road Urumqi Xinjiang 830011 China [b]Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology and Desert Environment Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China [c]Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China [d]College of Natural Resources and Environment Science of Xinjiang Agricultural University Urumqi 830052 China

The photosynthetic characterization of Populus euphratica and its response to the elevated carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2.) were analyzed based on its net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2.concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr), and water use effciency (WUE) at different groundwater depths measured by a portable gas exchange system (LI-6400) in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The results showed that the elevation of [CO2. decreased the gs, and increased the Pn, Ci and WUE of P. euphratica. However, the effects of the elevated [CO2. on gs, Pn, Ci and WUE varied considerably with groundwater depth. The response of photosynthesis to rising [CO2. was stronger at the greater groundwater depth (more than 6 m) than that at the shallower groundwater depth (less than 6 m). The critical groundwater depth required to maintain the normal survival of P. euphratica was less than 6 m. When the groundwater depth increased to more than 6 m, P. euphratica encountered moderate water stress, and the plant suffered severe water stress when the groundwater depth increased to more than 7 m.

关键词： Photosynthesis Populus euphratica Groundwater depth CO2.concentration The lower reaches of the Tarim River

Spatial and environmental effects on plant communities in the Yellow River Delta,Eastern {2.

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Journal of forestry Research 2009年第2期20卷 117-122页

作者： SONG Chuang-ye1, 2. LIU Gao-huan1, LIU Qing-sheng1 1 institute of Geographic sciences and Nature Resources Research, Chinese {2. of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2.Graduated School of Chinese {2. of sciences, beijing 100039, china institute of Geographic sciences and Nature Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduated School of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Types and structure of plant communities in the Yellow River Delta were investigated by using detrended canonical correspon-dence analyses(DCCAs) and a two-way indicator species analysis(TWINSPAN).The distribution pattern and influential factors of the plant communities were also analyzed by testing elevation, slope, soil characteristics, longitude and latitude of 134 vegetation samples collected by representative plot sampling *** showed that all the 134 vegetation samples could be divided into seven vegetation groups, separately dominated by Robinia pseucdoacacia, Imperata cylindrical, Miscanthus saccharifleus, Suaeda salsa, Aeluropus sinensis, Phragmites australis and Tamarix *** vegetation distribution pattern was mainly related to elevation, ground water depth and soil characteristics such as salinity and soluble *** the factors affecting distribution pattern of the plant communities, the species matrix explained by non-spatial environmental variation accounts for 45.2. of total *** variation and spatial-structured environmental variation explain 11.8%, and 2.2., *** 40.8% of undetermined variation is attributed to biological and stochastic factors.

关键词： detrended canonical correspondence analyses environmental factors plant communities spatial factors Yellow River Delta two-way indicator species analysis

Diversity and ecological distribution of endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第8期51卷 751-759页

作者： SUN JianQiu1,2.3, GUO LiangDong1, ZANG Wei2.3, PING WenXiang4 & CHI DeFu3 1 Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Laboratory, institute of Microbiology, Chinese academy of {2., beijing 100101, china 2.College of Life Science and Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, china 3 College of forestry, Northeast forestry University, Harbin 150040, china 4 College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, china 1. Systematic Mycology and Lichenology Laboratory Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 2. College of Life Science and Engineering Qiqihar University Qiqihar 161006 China 3. College of forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China 4. College of Life Science Heilongjiang University Harbin 150080 China

A total of 973 isolates of endophytic fungi were recovered from 1144 tissue fragments of the six me-dicinal plant species belonging to 4 families collected in the beijing Botanical Garden. Of these isolates 778 sporulated and were identified into 2. taxa by morphological characteristics. Among the taxa 11 belonged to Coelomycetes, 6 to Ascomycetes, and 4 to Hyphomycetes. Various numbers of endophytic fungi (5―8 taxa) were obtained from each plant. Alternaria alternata was the dominant species in the 6 plants, and Microsphaeropsis conielloides was also dominant in Eucommia ulmoides. There were high colonization rates (47.9%―63.1%) and isolation rates (0.7―0.93) of endophytic fungi, and they were conspicuously higher in twigs than those in leaves in the 6 plants examined. The colonization and isolation rates of endophytic fungi increased with the twig age. The results based on the analyses of cluster and Sorenson's similarity coefficients indicated that some endophytic fungi showed a certain degree of host and tissue preference.

关键词： endophytic fungus medicinal plant diversity host and tissue preference

EVALUATION ON ECOLOGICAL ADAPTABILITY AND WEED CONTROL OF SEVEN COVER plantS IN CHESTNUT(CASTANEA MOLLISSIA) ORCHARD OF beijing

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EVALUATION ON ECOLOGICAL ADAPTABILITY AND WEED CONTROL OF SE...

Structure,Binding Characteristics,and 3D Model Prediction of a Newly Identified Odorant-Binding Protein from the Cotton Bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

中国第三届植物化感作用学术研讨会、第八届全国杂草科学大会、联合国粮农组织——中国“水稻化感作用论坛”

作者： Xiang-yang LU and Jun XU institute of plant & Enviromenlal Protection,{2. academy of agricultural and forestry Science,beijing 100089,china

Ecological adaptability of 6 cover crops and their effectiveniss of controlling weeds was evaluated in Chestnut(Castanea Mollissia) orchard of beijing in order to replace herbicide, avoid bare soil,reduce soil erosion by water and increase plant *** repens, Dactylis glomerata,Festuca arundinacea,Lolium perenne,Poa pratensis and Bromus inermis

关键词： CASTANEA MOLLISSIA EVALUATION ON ECOLOGICAL ADAPTABILITY AND WEED CONTROL OF SEVEN COVER plantS IN CHESTNUT ORCHARD OF beijing

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第3期11卷 430-438页

作者： ZHANG Tian-tao WANG Wei-xuan GU Shao-hua ZHANG Zi-ding WU Kong-ming ZHANG Yong-jun GUO Yu-yuan Northwest Agriculture and forestry University Yangling 712100 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of plant Diseases and lnsect Pests/institute of plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100193 P.R. China State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology/College of Biological sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R. China

The full-length sequence of the odorant binding protein 5 gene,HarmOBP5,was obtained from an antennae cDNA library of cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera （Hübner）.The cDNA contains a 444 bp open reading frame,encoding a protein with 147 amino acids,namely ***5 was expressed in Escherichia coli and the recombinant protein was purified by affinity ***-PAGE and Western blot analysis demonstrated that the purified protein can be used for further investigation of its binding *** binding assays with 113 odorant chemicals indicated that HarmOBP5 has strong affinity to some special plant volatiles,including （E）-β-farnesene,ethyl butyrate,ethyl heptanoate,and acetic acid 2.methylbutyl *** on three-dimensional （3D） model of AaegOBP1 from Aedes aegypti,a 3D model of HarmOBP5 was *** model revealed that some key binding residues in HarmOBP5 may play important roles in odorant perception of *** study provides clues for better understanding physiological functions of OBPs in *** and other insects.

关键词： odorant binding protein fluorescence binding assay 3D model Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)