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Analysis of 1989/1990 main physical fields for air-sea coupled system in the tropical western Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第1期12卷 93-105页

作者： Yao Huadong Jiang Dayong and Liu Yimin chinese academy of meteorological sciences, beijing 100081, china chinese academy of meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China China

In this paper, the marine ship observation data sets in the seventh (October 16-December 4. 1989) and eighth (June 1-July 16, 1990) cruises of PRC -US tropical ocean and global atmosphere (TOGA) joint scientific investigation in the tropical western Pacific are used to analyze the elements such as sea surface temperature (SST), surface wind field, fluxes and net heat budget, which are important physical parameters of underlying earth's surface influencing the global mean circulation evolution on seasonal and interannual time scales. These diagnostic analyses are very beneficial to the understanding of the regional climate characteristics and the air-sea interaction mechanism, and the improving of surface flux parameterizations and regional or global climate model.

关键词： Analysis of 1989/1990 main physical fields for air-sea coupled system in the tropical western Pacific Nino

CO_2 background concentration in the atmosphere over the chinese mainland

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chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第14期47卷 1217-1220页

作者： WANG Gengchen, WEN Yupu, KONG Qinxin, REN Lixin & WANG MulinInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing, 100029, china academy of meteorological sciences, china meteorological administration, beijing 100086, china Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China academy of meteorological sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing China

Based on the long-term monitoring data on CO2 concentration, variation trend and characteristics of CO2 background concentration in the atmosphere over the chinese mainland are analyzed. Results show that the increasing trend of CO2 background concentration in the atmosphere over the chinese mainland has appeared during the period of 1991-2000. The average annual CO2 growth increment is 1.59μL/L, and the average annual CO2 growth rate is 0.44%. Distinct seasonal variations of CO2 background concentration are observed, and the averaged amplitude of CO2 seasonal variations is 10.35μL/L. Regional variation characteristics of CO2 background concentration in the atmosphere and possible impact of human activities on these variations over the chinese mainland are discussed as well.

关键词： CO2 background concentration chinese mainland CO2 growth rate CO2 seasonal variation CO2 regional variation CO2 variation trend.

Responses of soil respiration in non-growing seasons to environmental factors in a maize agroecosystem,Northeast china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第24期55卷 2723-2730页

作者： LI RongPing1,2,3, ZHOU GuangSheng1,4 & WANG Yu1,3 1 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china 2 Institute of Atmospheric Environment, china meteorological administration, Shenyang 110016, china 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 4 chinese academy of meteorological sciences, beijing 100081, china State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Institute of Atmospheric Environment China Meteorological Administration Shenyang 110016 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China chinese academy of meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China

Based on continuous three-year measurements (from 2004 to 2007) of eddy covariance and related environmental factors, environmental controls on variation in soil respiration (Rs) during non-growing season were explored in a maize agroecosystem in Northeast china. Our results indicated that during non-growing seasons, daily Rs was 1.08-4.08 g CO2 m-2 d-1, and the lowest occurred in late November. The average Rs of non-growing season was 456.06 ± 20.01 g CO2 m-2, accounting for 11% of the gross primary production (GPP) of the growing season. Additionally, at monthly scale, the lowest value of Rs appeared in January or February. From the beginning to the end of non-growing season, daily Rs tended to decrease first, and then increase to the highest. There was a significant quadratic curve relationship between Rs and soil temperature at 10 cm depth when soil temperature was more than 0°C (P38%-70%. When soil water content was more than 0.1 m3 m-3, soil moisture at 10 cm depth was significantly parabolically correlated with Rs (P3%-79%. Meanwhile, the standard error of regression estimation between the values of prediction and observation for Rs could reach 2.7%-11.8%. Rs in non-growing season can account for 22.4% of Rs in growing season, indicating that it plays a critical role in assessing the carbon budget in maize agroecosystem, Northeast china.

关键词：中国东北地区农田生态系统生长季节土壤呼吸环境因素玉米土壤含水量反应

Urban effects and summer thunderstorms in a tropical cyclone affected situation over Guangzhou city

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1867-1876页

作者： MENG WeiGuang1,3,YAN JingHua1 & HU HaiBo2 1 Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,chinese meteorological administration(CMA),Guangzhou 510080,china 2 Institute of Urban Meteorology,CMA,beijing 100089,china 3 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,chinese academy of meteorological sciences,beijing 100081,china Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology Chinese Meteorological Administration (CMA) Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China Institute of Urban Meteorology CMA Beijing China

With data mainly from Guangzhou mesonet Automatic Weather Stations(AWS),Guangzhou Doppler Radar and satellite TBB data,characteristics and evolution of the urban heat island(UHI) over Guang-zhou City were analyzed in a tropical cyclone affected situation for early August *** particular,two thunderstorms occurring during this period respectively at the night of 4 August and in the afternoon of 7 August were investigated to study the relationships between the development of thunderstorms and the *** showed that two thunderstorms were associated with the UHI *** induced local air convergence and initiated the thunderstorm *** cases showed a general agreement in time and space for the locations of maximum UHI,convergence,convection,and *** was found to be more favorable to developing in time periods and locations with stronger intensity of *** also showed that,due to the urban effects,both thunderstorms got strengthened when moving over Guangzhou City,with maximum radar echoes observed right over the urban area and precipitation located within the *** these features reveal that two thunderstorms were urban-induced storms.

关键词： summer thunderstorms, urban heat islands (UHI), urban effects, tropical cyclone

Evaluation of a 3dVAR system for the South china Sea

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第5期18卷 547-554页

作者： Xianjun Xiao a,b, Dongxiao Wang a, Changxiang Yan c, Jiang Zhu c a LED, South china Sea Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510301, china b NCC, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china c Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china LED South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China NCC China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The authors evaluate a three-dimensional variational (3dVAR) system for the South china Sea (SCS) in this study. The assimilation method applied in the system takes into consideration error correlation along each ground track and uses recursive lter for optimiza- tion. Data from three R/V cruises during the spring and summer of 1998 and the summer of 2000 are used to evaluate the system. The root-mean-square error and bias are reduced signi cantly and when the altimeter data are assimilated, the distribution of the error is much closer to the Gaussian distribution. Precipitation and river discharge in the southwestern SCS are reproduced, and the variability of sea surface height is e ciently transferred to the subsurface. The 3dVAR system performs well for each of the three cruises, suggesting that it is steady for routine usage.

关键词： South china Sea Three-dimensional variational data assimilation Recursive lter

Response of remotely sensed Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index to the 2006 Drought of eastern Sichuan Basin

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第5期51卷 748-758页

作者： ZHANG WenJiang1, LU QiFeng2, GAO ZhiQiang3 & PENG Jian4 1 School of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, china 2 National Satellite meteorological Center, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china 3 Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 4 School of Environmental sciences, Peking University, beijing 100871, china School of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan University Chengdu China National Statellite meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing China Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Environmental sciences Peking University Beijing China

One of the most serious droughts in last century occurred in eastern Sichuan Basin in the summer of 2006 (hereinafter called the Drought). The response of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS, boarding on NASA satellites of Terra and Aqua) to the Drought was analyzed in order to reach one practicable monitoring solution for regional soil moisture. Temporal process and spatial extension of the Drought were firstly estimated with ground meteorological and hydrological observations. Then, for the whole region of Sichuan and Chongqing, the remotely sensed Normalized Difference Water In- dex (NDWI) for the summers of 2001―2006 were calculated based on 8-day composite MODIS products, which were further used to construct a new water index (Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index, NDWDI) to examine the sensitivity of remote sensing in the Drought. The study showed that the NDWDI is more sensitive to regional drought than other absolute-soil-moisture-based indices. With the new index, the study extracted the spatial-temporal characteristics of the 2006 Drought, and explored its developing and withdrawing processes, which agreed with related statistics. Compared with ground method of drought observation, the NDWDI-based remote sensing solution of this paper is more pref- erable and practicable in that the local soil properties of water consumption and supply are implicitly taken into account, and the spatial representativity limit of ground observation is circumvented to a degree as satellite remotely senses the earth surface in a way of two-dimensional pixel matrix. So, the NDWDI-based method can be used to monitor regional soil water stress situation more practically and efficiently.

关键词： Sichuan Basin drought Normalized Difference Water Deviation Index response of remote sensing regional scale

Zonal propagation of kinetic energy and convection in the South china Sea and Indian monsoon regions in boreal summer

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第12期47卷 1076-1084页

作者： CHEN Longxun 1 ,GAO Hui 2 ,HE Jinhai 2 ,TAO Shiyan 3 & JIN Zuhui 3 1.chinese academy of meteorological sciences,beijing 100081,china 2.Nanjing Institute of Meteorology,Nanjing 210044,china 3.Institute of Atmospheric Physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029,china chinese academy of meteorological sciences Beijing China Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing China chinese academy of sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics Beijing China

Zonal propagation of kinetic energy (KE) and convection in the South china Sea (SCS) and Indian summer monsoon areas are examined in present study. Results suggest that the SCS and Indian summer monsoon prevailed regions (5 —15°N) are dominated by the southwesterly wind, however, the disturbances of KE at 850 hPa and convection are observed mainly coming from the western Pacific Ocean (140—150°E), after passing through the SCS, and westward propagated into the Bay of Bengal (90—100°E). In the Indian summer monsoon domain, where the disturbances of KE are found mainly coming from the Arabian Sea (AS) and eastward propagated into the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, the SCS and the Indian summer mon- soon are quite different in zonal propagation of KE and convection. The SCS summer monsoon is mainly affected by the KE and convection coming from the tropical western Pacific. The Indian summer monsoon, however, can be partly influenced by the AS and the SCS summer monsoon. The analysis also suggests that the interaction region between the SCS and the Indian summer monsoon is around 90—95°E, rather than 105°E as proposed by earlier studies.

关键词： zonal propagation of KE and convection, East Asian monsoon, Indian monsoon.

Impacts of climate change on development rate and production of corn in the northeastern china

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1993年第2期5卷 201-208页

作者： Guo Jianping, Gao Suhua Pan Yaruchinese academy of meteorological sciences, beijing 100081, china chinese academy of meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China China

In this paper, the impacts of climate change on development rate and production of corn in the northeastern china are discussed. The results show that the higher the temperature is, the faster the development rate will be. And the more the precipitation is, the slower the development rate will be. Of which, air temperature is the controlling factor of corn development rate. The influences of development rate on corn yield are remarkable. The impacts of development rate on production in first and last periods are great, and small in the middle two periods. The development rate is positive by relate with corn production from sowing to emergence stage and negative during other periods. So, it is very important to arrange a suitable sowing time for com cultivating in the northeastern china.

关键词： climate change development rate corn.

Solar release time of solar energetic particles and associated acceleration source in corona

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chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第2期53卷 161-168页

作者： LE GuiMing1,2,3,4, TANG YuHua1 & HAN YanBen4 1 Department of Astronomy, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, china 2 Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china 3 National Center for Space Weather, china meteorological administration, beijing 100081, china 4 National Astronomical Observatories, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100012, china Department of Astronomy Narijing University Nanjing 210093 China Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National Center for Space Weather China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China

Solar energetic particles (SEPs) are accelerated in corona at an early phase of solar energetic particle events (SEPE). The acceleration mechanism of SEPs in corona can only be inferred from an analysis of multi-band observational data, as the observation of SEPs is usually made around 1AU. In this context, people have investigated spectrums, charge state, solar release time (SRT), and multi-band data of SEPEs, in an attempt to judge the acceleration mechanism of SEPs. The SRT computation of SEPs is an important and commonly used approach to study the acceleration mechanism of SEPs in corona. This paper reviews some important findings concerning the SRT computation of SEPs, and analyzes different merits of each approach for such calculation, based on a range of SEPE case studies. This paper also analyzes and discusses both possible and actual acceleration mechanisms of a number of SEPEs, by calculating the SRT of the SEPEs. Finally, the paper summarizes the possible problems in studying an acceleration mechanism of SEPEs inferred from the SRT of SEP.

关键词：阳光释放时间加速度电晕太阳耀斑