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Research on the method for retrieving soil moisture using thermal inertia model

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第5期49卷 539-545页

作者： LIU Zhenhua1 & ZHAO Yingshi2.1. Information College, South china Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642. china 2. Graduate University of {2. academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 1. Information College South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100049 China

In order to improve accuracy of soil moisture inversion using remote sensing, a new thermal inertia model is proposed in this paper. The improved model needs only surface maximum temperature as the temperature parameter input instead of input of the surface temperature difference, as well as the surface sensible and latent fluxes are introduced into boundary conditions of thermal conductivity equation. Furthermore, surface soil conductive heat transfer equation of two-layer model is used to solve the soil thermal inertia so that the remote sensing thermal inertia method can be ap- plied to regions with better-covered vegetation, but usually only for the bare areas or worse vegetation covered areas. The model has been tested at several locations in the area of west Inner Mongolia. Comparing the simulation of the new model with the measurements obtained by apparent thermal inertia and by field test, the result shows that the inertia thermal model can be used to estimate soil moisture in more reasonable accuracy.

关键词： thermal model, thermal conductivity equation, soil initial, sensible flux, latent flux, two-layer model.

The age of the plant fossil assemblage in the Liuqu Conglomerate of southern Tibet and its tectonic significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第1期16卷 55-64页

作者： FANG Aimin1, YAN Zhen1, LIU Xiaohan2. PAN Yusheng1, LI Jiliang1, YU Liangjun1, HUANG Feixing2.and TAO Junrong3 (1.Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of {2., beijing 10002., china 2. Institute of Tibet Plateau Research, chinese academy of {2., beijing 100085, china 3. Institute of Botany, chinese A cademy of {2., beijing 100093, china) Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Institute of Tibet Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Institute of Botany Chinese A-cademy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China

The Liuqu Conglomerate, situated to the south of Yarlung Tsangbo Suture Zone (YTSZ), is a suit of molasse formed in a foreland basin of the Himalayan orogenic belt after the collision between the two plates of the Indian and Eurasion, It is of great significance in constraining the younger limit time of the collision of the two plates and providing stratigraphic evidence to reveal the post-colli sional tectonic evolution and uplifting history of the Tibet plateau. However, the age of this molasse suit and its correlation to other synchronous strata distributed in southern Tibet have been in great disputes for a long time. Especially in recent years, argues on its ages are growing violently with the recognition of the great sedimentary tectonic significances of this molasse. During the field work carried out recently on this molasse suit, a lot of plant fossils were found preserved in fairly good conditions in the upper part of this strata, which is of great help in determining its age. By identification, the assemblage of the plant fossils belongs to a tropic to subtropic flora developed in the southern margin of the Northern Hemisphere supercontinent during the Middle to Later Eocene, which can provide good constraint on its formation age. This paper is to give a brief introduction of the plant assemblage and its age, and to discuss their tectonic significances.

关键词： Liuqu conglomerate plant fossils age Eocene Tectonic implications.

The features of gravity field and deep structure in western part of the South Yellow Sea

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第8期45卷 759-764页

作者： WANG Qianshen1 & AN Yulin1. Institute of Geophysics, chinese academy of {2., beijing 100101, china 2. chinese University of Geology, beijing 100083, china Institute of Geophysics Chinesc Academy of Sciences Beijing China chinese University of Geology Beijing China

The gravity data from the sea region to the west of 12.° E of the South Yellow Sea have been processed and the feature of gravity fields analyzed. An experience relationship formula on the filter wavelength and corresponding depth has been put forward. Combined with the geological and seismic data, the deep tectonic framework and structural characters as well as possible favourable prospecting district for hydrocarbon in the South Yellow Sea have been discussed and analyzed.

关键词： western part of the South Yellow Sea gravity field deep structure.

Cloning and characterization of interferon stimulated genes Viperin and ISG15,and their promoters from snakehead Channa argus

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1425-1435页

作者： Jia Weizhang1,2. Zhou Xiuxia1,2. Huang Rong1,2.and Guo Qionglin1(1. Institute of Hydrobiololgy, chinese academy of {2., Wuhan 430072. china 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of {2., beijing 100039, china) Institute of Hydrobiololgy Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Graduate University of chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100039 China

By suppression subtractive hybridization, rapid amplification of cDNA ends and gene walking methods, interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), Viperin and ISG15, and their promoters have been cloned and characterized from snakehead Channa argus. The Viperin cDNA was found to be 1474 nt and contain an open reading frame (ORF) of 1059 nt that translates into a putative peptide of 352.amino acid (aa). The putative peptide of Viperin shows high identity to that in teleosts and mammals except for the N-terminal 70 aa. The ISG15 cDNA was found to be 758 nt and contain an ORF of 468 nt that translates into a putative peptide of 155 aa. The putative peptide of ISG15 is composed of two tandem repeats of ubiquitin-like (UBL) domains, and a canonical conjugation motif (LRGG) at C-terminal. Viperin and ISG15 promoter regions were characterized by the presence of interferon stimulating response elements (ISRE) and γ-IFN activation sites (GAS). ISRE is a feature of IFN-induced gene promoter and partially overlaps interferon regulatory factor (IRF) 1 and IRF2.recognition sites. GAS is responsible for the γ-IFN mediated transcription. One conserved site for NF-κB was found in the promoter region of Viperin. This is the first report of conservative binding motif for NF-κB in accordance with the consensus sequence (GGGRNNYYCC) among teleost ISG promoters. Moreover, there were also TATA, CAAT and Sp1 transcription factor sites in Viperin and ISG15 promoters. In 5′ untranslated region (UTR), snakehead ISG15 gene contains a single intron, which differs from Viperin gene. The transcripts of Vipeirn and ISG15 mRNA were mainly expressed in head kidney, posterior kidney, spleen and gill. The expression levels in liver were found to increase obviously in response to induction by IFN-inducer poly I∶C.

关键词： interferon interferon stimulated gene (ISG) Viperin ISG15 snakehead (Channa argus).

Grain-size features of a Miocene loess-soil sequence at Qinan: Implications on its origin

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第7期49卷 731-738页

作者： QIAO Yansong1,3, GUO Zhengtang2.1, HAO Qingzhen1, YIN Qiuzhen1, YUAN Baoyin1 & LIU Tungsheng1 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of {2., beijing 10002., china 2. Institute of Earth Environment, chinese academy of {2., Xi’an 710075, china 3. Institute of Geomechanics, chinese academy of Geological {2.,{12., china 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 3. Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China 2. Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China

In this study, grain-size of 507 bulk samples from the QA-I Mioceneloess-soil sequence at Qinan were analyzed, and the grain-size features are compared with those oftypical Quaternary loess and soil samples, representative lacustrine and fluvial samples. Theresults indicate that the grain-size distribution pattern of the Miocene loess is essentiallysimilar to that of Quaternary loess, but greatly differs from the lacustrine and fluvial *** layers are regularly coarser than soil layers, indicating cyclical climate changes. Mediangrain-size along the 2.3.1 m sequence varies from 6 to 13 μm and the > 63 μm fraction representsonly 5.3% in maximum, 0.9% in average. Long-term grain-size variations are consistent with the loessaccumulation rate at Qinan and with the eolian mass accumulation rate in the North Pacific. Thesefeatures firmly indicate an eolian origin of the studied sequence, and also reveal a coeval changesbetween the long-term changes of eolian grain-size and continental aridity in the dust sourceregions.

关键词： Qinan, Miocene loess-soil sequence, grain-size, eolian origin.

Cloning and expression of putative ethylene receptor genes in soybean plant

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1152-1160页

作者： Xie Zongming1,2.3, Lei Gang1,2. Wuriyanghan Hada1,2. Tian Aiguo1, Zhang Jinsong1 and Chen Shouyi1(1. National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, chinese academy of {2., beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate School of chinese academy of {2., beijing 100039, china 3. Xinjiang academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832.00, china) National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100039 China Xinjiang academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science Shihezi 832000 China

Ethylene plays important roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses, and ethylene receptors have been identified and studied extensively in various plant species. Here we report the cloning of four ethylene receptor genes from soybean, i.e. GmETR1, GmERS1, GmETR2.and GmEIN4. Construction of the phylogenic tree showed that GmETR1 and GmERS1 belong to subfamily I whereas GmETR2.and GmEIN4 belong to subfamily II. The four ethylene receptor genes showed different tissue-specific expression patterns in roots, stems, leaves, cotyledons, flowers, pods and seeds of soybean. These genes were differentially regulated by various abiotic stresses and plant hormones. The possible roles of the four genes in soybean plant were also discussed.

关键词： abiotic stress expression analysis ethylene receptor plant hormone soybean.

Comparison of eastern paleo-Tethyan ophiolites and its geodynamic significance--Evidence from Dur'ngoi ophiolite

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第4期47卷 378-384页

作者： CHEN Liang1,2. SUN Yong1,2. PEI Xianzhi2. Feng Tao2.& Zhang Guowei2.1. Open Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi抋n 710069, china 2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese {2. of sciences, beijing 10002., china Open Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Ministry of Education Northwest University Xi’an 710069 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Nd-Pb isotopic geochemistry of metabasalt from Dur抧goi ophiolite, Qinghai Prov-ince, NW china reveals the presence of DMM mixing with EMII components in its upper mantle source, which is comparable with present Indian MORB. Comparisons indicate that the geo-chemistry, chronology and source characteristics of Dur抧goi ophiolite coincide with Pa-leo-tethyan ophiolites from 揝anjiang?area. Together with evidences from regional geology in adjacent areas, this study proves that independent paleo-tethyan basins evolved contemporarily, the dynamics of which is attributed to the interaction of mantle plume with over-riding lithosphere.

关键词： ophiolite, Paleo-Tethys, DUPAL anomaly, Indosinian movement.

Relationships between tree-ring width index and NDVI of grassland in Delingha

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chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第9期51卷 1106-1114页

作者： HE Jicheng1,3 & SHAO Xuemei1,2.. Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese {2. of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, chinese {2. of sciences, beijing 100085, china 3. Graduate School of chinese {2. of sciences, beijing 100039, china Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School of chinese academy of {2. Beijing China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Using five well-replicated Qilian juniper (Sabina przewalskii Kom.) tree-ring width index se- ries, monthly normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of grassland, and climatic data from 1982.to 2.01, the relationships between tree-ring width index, NDVI of grassland, and climatic data were analyzed firstly. Then, the relationship between tree-ring width index and NDVI of grassland was explored. The re- sults showed that: (1) Temperature and precipitation in June influenced tree-ring width index and NDVI of grassland deeply in Delingha. (2. There were sig- nificant relationships between five tree-ring width index series (DLH1-DLH5) and monthly NDVI of grassland from June to September, with the most significant relationship being between tree-ring width index series and NDVI of grassland in August. (3) The PC1 (the first principal component derived from DLH1-DLH5 series) exhibited good agreement with monthly NDVI of grassland in the grass growth sea- son (from June to September) and the averaged NDVI in the growth season, which was attributed to their common responses to water-supply limit in Delingha. This study may allow an increase in studying the past dynamics of grassland in Delingha in that the variation of grassland NDVI during the last millennium has been reconstructed from PC1.

关键词：圆柏祁连山 NDVI 草原年轮宽度指数

Gasdynamic characteristics of toroidal shock and detonation wave converging

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第6期48卷 739-749页

作者： TENG Honghui1,2.& JIANG Zonglin2.1. Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, chinese academy of Sci- ences, {2. 100080, china 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, {2. 100039, china 1. Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of {2. 100039 Beijing China

The modified CCW relation is applied to analyzing the shock, detonation wave converging and the role of chemical reactions in the process. Results indicate that the shock wave is strengthened faster than the detonation wave in the converging at the same initial Mach number. Euler equations implemented with a detailed chemical reaction model are solved to simulate toroidal shock and detonation wave converging. Gasdynamic characteristics of the converging are investigated, including wave interaction patterns, observable discrepancies and physical phenomena behind them. By comparing wave diffractions, converging processes and pressure evolutions in the focusing area, the different effects of chemical reactions on diffracting and converging processes are discussed and the analytic conclusion is demonstrated through the observation of numerical simulations.

关键词： converging, CCW relation, shock wave, detonation wave.