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Cut marks and terminal Pleistocene hominids in the Ma'anshan site:Evidence for meat-eating

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chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第19期54卷 3872-3879页

作者： ZHANG Yue1,2,3, WANG ChunXue1,2, ZHANG ShuangQuan1,2 & GAO Xing1,2? 1 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2 Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 3 State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, china institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Joint Laboratory of Human Evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008 China

In this paper, cut marks on the long bones of class Ⅱ sized animals in the Ma'anshann site are studied. Based on the location and frequencies of the long bone cut marks, the distribution characteristics are analyzed as follows: (1) cut mark frequencies in the lower layer (LL) are much higher than those of the upper; (2) in the LL cut mark frequency of the upper limbs is the highest, and that of the middle and lower limbs is lower and the lowest; (3) In the upper layer (UL) the cut mark frequency, does not spread as orderly as in the LL. The data are compared to those of the experiment and it is demonstrated that values of the LL all fall into the experimental 95% confidence intervals, and the cut mark frequencies of the upper, middle and lower limbs coincide with those of the experiment; while the values of the UL are much lower, of which, those of the humerus, femur and radius are out of the intervals, and the frequencies of the upper, middle and lower limbs are far more different from those of the experiment. It implies that the earlier hominids (of the LL) defleshed the limbs of the class Ⅱ sized animals with stone tools more completely than the later hominids. With the evidence of burning marks, it is suggested that the difference on the roasting behaviors derived the cut mark difference of the Ma'anshan UL and LL.

关键词：原始人类马鞍山证据网站痕迹切口更新世肉类

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Palynological record during the Pleistocene (between 1.05 Ma and 0.36 Ma) from ODP1144, northern South china Sea

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第1期47卷 30-36页

作者： HUANG Fei & SUN Xiangjuninstitute of Geology and paleontology, chinese academy of sciences, Nanjing 210008, china institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100093, china Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, china Correspondence should be addressed to Huang Fei 1. institute of Geology and paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing China 2. institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 100093 Beijing China 3. Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Ministry of Education Tongji University 200092 Shanghai China

This paper presents the pollen record from the lower section of ODP1144 (depth 501.3-225.7 m, ca. 1.05-0.36 Ma). Two pollen zones (PA and PB) and eleven pollen subzones are recognized. Within zone PB, the 11 pollen subzones (PB21-11) are defined according to the pine, fern and herb variations, and are equivalent to the marine isotope stages 21-11 (MISs 21-11). The interglacial periods are typified by an increase in pine pollen and fern spores, and a decrease in herbaceous pollen, while the patterning during the glacial periods is just the opposite. During the interglacial periods, pollen assemblages were dominated by pine similar to those of the present day, suggesting that the paleoenvironment of the interglacial periods was similar to that of the present day, whereas the glacial periods are marked by an increase in herbaceous pollen, mainly Gramineae and Cyperaceae, indicating that grassland covered the exposed continental shelf when sea level declined. Increased Artemisia percentages and the highest pine influx during MIS12 may result from a stronger winter monsoon.

关键词： pollen record, Pleistocene, ODP1144, northern South china Sea.

AN EARLY FOSSIL STURGEON (ACIPENSERIFORMES,PEIPIAOSTEIDAE) FROM FENGNING OF HEBEI, china

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1995年第1期 11-16页

作者： Jin Fan(institute of vertebrate Paleonology and paleoanthropology, the chinese academy of sciences beijing 100044)Tian Yanping Yang Youshi Deng Shaoying(Regional Geology and Mincral Resources Survey institute of Hebei Provincc Langfang 102800)

During a field work on stratigraphy Mr. Yang Youshi et al., the geologists from the Regional Geology and Mineral Resources Survey institute of Hebei Proyince,discovered some well-preserved fossil sturgeons from the Yixian Formation in Fengning County, northern Hebei Province. These specimens, characterized by an extraordinarily long dorsal fin, represent a new form Yanosteus longidorsalis gen. et ***. of the order Acipenseriformes. Yanostcus is stratigraphically concurrent with two known acipenseriform genera──Peipiaosteus Liu et Zhou and Protopsephurs Lu in northern Hebei and western Liaoning. The fishbearing strata of Yixian Formation have long been thought to be Late Jurassic (Liu & Zhou 1965, Lu 1994), but additional evidence suggests an Early Cretaceous age (Li et al.1994).

关键词： Fengning Hebei Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous Fossil Sturgeons

Paleornithology of china: A general review

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第23期44卷 2113-2116页

作者： HOU Lianhai and ZHOU Zhonghe institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoantfiropology, chinese academy of sciences , Heijing 100044, china Natural History Museum and Department of Ecology and Kvolut ionary Kiology , University of Kansas , Lawrence , KS 66045 , USA institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Heijing China Natural History Museum and Department of Ecology and and Evolutionary Biology University of Kansas Lawrence USA

Study of fossil birds in china was first conducted by western scholars in last century, and extensive study of Cenozoic birds by chinese scholars since the 1970s. However, it is the finding of Mesozoic birds, mostly from northeast china since the 1990s, that has become the focus and highlight of paleornithology of china. Enantiornithine birds from the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous of china provide the most complete record of the early evolution of this

关键词： Mesozoic brids origin of brids origin of avian flight.

DO THE LATERAL FIELDS EXIST IN SOME GALEASPIDS (JAWLESS FISHES)?

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1993年第4期 321-324页

作者： Liu Yuhai(institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica)

Pan et Wang (1981) reported that the dorsal shield of the galeaspid, Qingmenaspis, held a large opening on each side, but owing to the ill preservation they reservedly assumed it likely to be a dorsal branchial opening. This structure was also recognized later in Lungmenshanaspis by Wang Nian-zhong (1991). He considered its function to remain obscure. More recently Pan (1992) described the structure in a number of new galeaspids and renamed it fenestra. He distingushed the structure into two kinds: the lateral dorsal fenestra, which is narrow and small, existing in Pentathyraspis and Microhoplonaspis, and the dorsal fenestra, which is broad, found in Macrothyraspis, Sinoszechuanaspis as well as Qingmenaspis. Pan assumed the fenestra to be coverd by the skin when the creatures were alive, and to play a role in hydrodynamic. He regarded this structure as a unique character for the fenestra galeaspids.

关键词： galeaspid, osteostracan lateral fenestra lateral field

PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPOF HSISOSUCHUS

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1994年第3期 175-180页

作者： Wu Xiaochun Li Jinling (institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology ,Academia Sinica beijing 100044) Li Xuanmin (Chongqing Natural Museum Chongqing 630013)

In previous studies workers applied the methodology of the tradi tional evolutionary systematics in considering relationships between Hsisosuckus and other crocodyliforms. In this study the cladistic methodologies are employed to establish the phyIogenetic relationship of the genus, as in most recent studies on the phylogeny of various groups of the Crocodylomorpha (Clark, l986; Benton and Clark, 1988;Buscalioni and Sanz, 1990; Parrish, 1991; Clark and Norell, 1992; Sereno and Wild,1992; Wu and Chatterjee, 1993; Wu and Brinkman, 1993; Wu et al., in press).Figures 1 and 2 simplify the constituents of the Crocodylomorpha and the Crocody liformes in cladistic sense. Although workers disagree about the monophyly of the traditional Sphenosuchia and the traditional Protosuchia (Clark, l986; Benton and Clark, 1988; Parrish, 1991; Sereno and Wild, 1992; Wu and Chatterjee, 1993; Wu et al., in press), they are in accordance in the paraphyly of the traditional Mesosuchia and the monophyly of the Eusuchia. Crocodylomorphs other than the traditional sphenosuchians, can be referred to a monophyletic group, the Crocodyliformes (Clark, 1986; Benton and Clark, 1988; Wu and Chatterjee, 1993).

关键词： Crocodylomorpha,Crocodyliformes,Hsisosuchus Phylogeny

Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact in central eastern Inner Mongolia

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第7期48卷 1025-1039页

作者： HUANG Fei1, Kealhofer Lisa2, XIONG Shangfa3 & HUANG Fengbao1 1. Nanjing institute of Geology and paleontology,chinese academy of sciences,Nanjing 210008,china 2. Anthropology and Sociology Department,Santa Clara University,CA 95053,USA 3. institute of Geology and Geophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029,china Nanjing institute of Geology and paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Anthropology and Sociology Department Santa Clara University CA 95053 United States institute of Geology and Geoohysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijina 100029 China

Phytolith and pollen preserved in the Taipusi Banner paleosol profile, central eastern Inner Mongolia, provide evidence of Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact. The combined phytolith and pollen records reveal a major change in vegetation composition about 5000 a BP. Before 5000 a BP, the vegetation was dominated by Aneurolepidium chinese-Stipa grandis grassland of C4 grasses. After 5000 a BP, C4 grasses rapidly retreated, indicating a shift to colder and more arid conditions. The gradual invasion of Stipa krylovii, Ag-ropyron desertorum, Ephedra, Chenopodiaceae and Caragana reveal the onset of grassland degeneration. Between 10000 and 8720 a BP, the Aneurolepidium chinese-Stipa grandis grassland included a small proportion of Artemisia shrub and Echionopos type plants, implying a strong winter monsoon and very weak summer monsoon. From 8720 to 7000 a BP, C4 grasses were common, indicating a strengthening of the summer monsoon. Between 7000 and 5000 a BP, the Holocene thermal maximum was evident, with a significant expansion of C4 grasses and the presence of some trees (such as Pinus and Betula, and so on) in or near the study site. From 4200?000 a BP, a sandy grassland of Artemisia and Agropyron desertorum together with Aster-type taxa occurred. Precipitation amelioration took place between 3000 and 2170 a BP, with a rapid development of Echinops type plants and a small expansion of C4 grasses. From 2170 a BP to present, human activities accelerated the process of grassland degeneration.

关键词： phytolith and pollen records grassland environment change human impact Holocene central eastern Inner Mongolia.

A MAMMALIAN LOWER JAW FROM THE JURASSIC OF LINGYUAN, LIAONING

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1991年第3期 173-175页

作者： Zhou Mingzhen (Minchen Chow) institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthroplogy, Academia SinicaCheng Zhengwu institute of Geology, The chinese academy of Geological sciencesWang Yuanqing institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica

In 1976, a right mandible of a Mesozoic mammal was collected by Messrs. Cheng Zhengwu and Yue Zhao of institute of Geology, the chinese academy of Geological sciences, from the Middle Jurassic in Lingyuan County, Liaoning Province, Northeast china (fig. 1), When they were studying the Mesozoic stratigraphy of that area. This fossil site is most probably from the same locality as that of Yabeinosaurus tenuis reported by C.C. Young in 1958. Both fossils are derived from the same horizon.

关键词： Lingyuan, Liaoning Middle Jurassic Triconodonta

FOSSIL REPTILES FROM HETAOYUAN FORMATION, XICHUAN, HENAN

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1991年第3期 199-203页

作者： Li Jinling institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所

Since 1920’s, abundant fossil mammals have been collected from the Middle Eocene Hetaoyuan Formation, Xichan, Henan Province. On the contrary, only two reptile remains from these continental deposits have been reported——a turtle, Sinohadrianus sichuanensis Ping, 1929, and a crocodile Pristichampsus aff. P. rollinati identified on the basis of several ziphodont teeth (Chow et al., 1973).

关键词： Xichuan Henan Middle Eocene Lizard and crocodile