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Mechanism for calcite dissolution and its contribution to development of reservoir porosity and permeability in the Kela 2 gas field,Tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 567-578页

作者： YU BingSong1,3, DONG HailLiang2,3 & RUAN Zhuang1,3 1 State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, china university of geosciences, beijing 100083, china 2 Department of Geology, Miami university,Oxford, OH 45056, USA 3 geomicrobiology laboratory, china university of geosciences, beijing, 100083, china State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China geomicrobiology laboratory China University of Geosciences Beijing China Department of Geology Miami University Oxford USA

This study is undertaken to understand how calcite precipitation and dissolution contributes to depth-related changes in porosity and permeability of gas-bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Kela 2 gas field of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern china. Sandstone samples and pore water samples are col-lected from well KL201 in the Tarim Basin. Vertical profiles of porosity, permeability, pore water chem-istry, and the relative volume abundance of calcite/dolomite are constructed from 3600 to 4000 m below the ground surface within major oil and gas reservoir rocks. Porosity and permeability values are in-versely correlated with the calcite abundance, indicating that calcite dissolution and precipitation may be controlling porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Pore water chemistry exhibits a sys-tematic variation from the Na2SO4 type at the shallow depth (3600-3630 m), to the NaHCO3 type at the intermediate depth (3630―3695 m),and to the CaCl2 type at the greater depth (3728―3938 m). The geochemical factors that control the calcite solubility include pH, temperature, pressure, Ca2+ concen-tration, the total inorganic carbon concentration (ΣCO2), and the type of pore water. Thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mass conservation laws are applied to calculate the calcite saturation state as a function of a few key parameters. The model calculation illustrates that the calcite solubility is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of pore water, mainly the concentration difference between the total dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved calcium concentration (i.e., [ΣCO2] -[Ca2+]). In the Na2SO4 water at the shallow depth, this index is close to 0, pore water is near the calcite solubility. Calcite does not dissolve or precipitate in significant quantities. In the NaHCO3 water at the intermedi-ate depth, this index is greater than 0, and pore water is supersaturated with respect to calcite. Massive calcite precipitation was observed at this depth interval and

关键词： calcite dissolution porosity thermodynamic Tarim Basin

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Phylogeography of regional fauna on the Tibetan Plateau: A review

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第7期19卷 789-799页

作者： Shujuan Yanga, Hailiang Dongb,c, Fumin Lei d a State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, china university of geosciences, beijing 100083, china b geomicrobiology laboratory, china university of geosciences, beijing 100083, china c Department of Geology, Miami university, Oxford, OH 45056, USA d Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china State Key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China geomicrobiology laboratory China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Department of Geology Miami University Oxford OH 45056 USA Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The studies of uplift and glaciations of the Tibetan Plateau are summarized, and a series of recent case studies of the endemic species based on DNA sequences are detailed. In general, these molecular data show that all the organisms originated from Early Pliocene to Late Miocene, and then multi-stages of divergence/speciation occurred within each taxa following their original occupation on the plateau, mainly as a result of periodic glacial cycles and geographic isolation. The regional fauna may have undergone several range contractions and expansions during the Pleistocene glaciations. However, the population expansion and refugia may vary in space, time, and extent. The regional fauna of the Tibetan Plateau may be combinations of ancient movement from adjacent zoogeographical regions, speciation in situ, and postglacial colonization from adjacent areas. Geomorphic and climatic changes on the plateau definitely have a remarkable influence on the regional and adjacent biogeographic patterns, and the mechanism is very complex.

关键词： Divergence Refugia Postglacial colonization Phylogeography Regional fauna Tibetan Plateau

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Microbial carbonates in Holocene beachrocks,Shuiweiling,Luhuitou Peninsula,Hainan Island

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第1期51卷 30-40页

作者： TENG JianBin1,2 & SHEN JianWei1 1 Department of Marine Geology, South china Sea Institute of Oceanology CAS Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South china Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, china 2 Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china Department of Marine Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology CAS Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301 China Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sci Department of Marine Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology CAS Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301 China

Two research methods, geomicrobiology and carbonate sedimentology, were adopted to study the microbial carbonates in the beachrocks, Shuiweiling, Luhuitou, Sanya City, Hainan Island. The results indicate that microbial carbonates occur in Shuiweiling beachrocks and cements related to microbial activitives are common. Microbial carbonates were mainly developed on the surfaces of coral skeletons and within the coral (fragments and shivers) skeletal cavities,and rarely grew in interspaces formed by coral and other biological detritus. The growth morphologies of microbial carbonates are various, including stromatolitic lamination, thin crusts, dome-like, and microbialites. Microbial carbonates commonly trap fine-sized bioclasts, contain tubular filaments, and show laminated growth striation. Microbial carbonates within the coral skeletal cavities are generally stromatolitic cone-shaped, with a random growth direction along the bearing of trend of cavities, showing distinct growth laminae and recognizable growth phases. It is a special growth pattern of crypt microbial carbonates. Microbial cements occur mainly in shape of needle cement, calcified filaments, microborings, and calcified framboidal spheres. The needle cement is the most common type. These microbial cements indicate that microbial activities and microbial carbonates played an important role in beachrock formation in which carbonates were dominant components and the climate of tropical ocean monsoon was influential. Such microbial carbonates and microbial cementation have not been reported here from beachrocks along the northern shorelines of the South china Sea. The results support a clear microbial origin for certain carbonate cements in beachrocks, confirm that microbial carbonates are a significant contributor to carbonate sedimentation, and widen the knowledge of beachrocks from a new field.

关键词： microbial carbonates microbial cements beachrock Holocene Hainan Island

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