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Diagenesis and Restructuring Mechanism of Oil and Gas reservoir in the Marine Carbonate Formation,Northeastern Sichuan:A Case Study of the Puguang Gas reservoir

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第6期83卷 1173-1181页

作者： DU Chunguo1, 2, WANG Jianjun1, ZOU Huayao2, ZHU Yangming3 and WANG Cunwu4 1 research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development, beijing 100034, china 2 petroleum university of china, beijing 102249, china 3 Department of Earth Science, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 310027, china 4 Faculty of Earth Resources, china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Based on the technology of balanced cross-section and physical simulation experiments associated with natural gas geochemical characteristic analyses, core and thin section observations, it has been proven that the Puguang gas reservoir has experienced two periods of diagenesis and restructuring since the Late Indo-Chinese epoch. One is the fluid transfer controlled by the tectonic movement and the other is geochemical reconstruction controlled by thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). The middle Yanshan epoch was the main period that the Puguang gas reservoir experienced the geochemical reaction of TSR. TSR can recreate the fluid in the gas reservoir, which makes the gas drying index higher and carbon isotope heavier because C2+ (ethane and heavy hydrocarbon) and 12C (carbon 12 isotope) is first consumed relative to CH4 and 13C (carbon 13 isotope). However, the reciprocity between fluid regarding TSR (hydrocarbon, sulfureted hydrogen (H2S) , and water) and reservoir rock results in reservoir rock erosion and anhydrite alteration, which increases porosity in reservoir, thereby improving the petrophysical properties. Superimposed by later tectonic movement, the fluid in Puguang reservoir has twice experienced adjustment, one in the late Yanshan epoch to the early Himalayan epoch and the other time in late Himalayan epoch, after which Puguang gas reservoir is finally developed.

关键词： diagenesis and restructuring mechanism marine carbonate formation thermochemical sulfate reduction Puguang gas reservoir

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Identification of the Quaternary low gas-saturation reservoirs in the Sanhu area of the Qaidam basin,china

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petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 49-54页

作者： Li Xiongyan Li Hongqi Zhou Jinyu He Xu Chen Yihan Yu Hongyan State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Key Laboratory of Earth Prospecting and Information Technology China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Department of Computer Science and Technology China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Exploration and Development Institute Changqing Petroleum CompanyShaanxi 710021China

Low gas-saturation reservoirs are gas bearing intervals whose gas saturation is less than 47%. They are common in the Quaternary of the Sanhu area in the Qaidam *** to the complex genesis mechanisms and special geological characteristics,the logging curves of low gas-saturation reservoirs are characterized by ambiguity and diversity,namely without significant log response characteristics. Therefore,it is particularly difficult to identify the low gas-saturation reservoirs in the study *** addition,the traditional methods such as using the relations among lithology,electrical property,physical property and gas bearing property,as well as their threshold values,can not effectively identify low gas-saturation *** solve this problem,we adopt the decision tree,support vector machine and rough set methods to establish a predictive model of low gas-saturation reservoirs,which is capable of classifying a mass of multi-dimensional and fuzzy *** to the transparency of learning processes and the understandability of learning results,the predictive model was also revised by absorbing the actual reservoir *** applications indicate that the predictive model is effective in identifying low gas-saturation reservoirs in the study area.

关键词： Sanhu area Qaidam basin low gas-saturation reservoir decision tree support vector machine rough set predictive model identification

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Control of neotectonic movement on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa Foreland basin,west china

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petroleum Science 2010年第1期7卷 49-58页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Li Lianxia Song Yan Tian Fenghua Zhao Mengjun Wang Haijiang Zhao Zhenxing State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China basin and reservoir research center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Exploration and Development research Institute PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Department of Exploration ＆ Development PetroChina CBM Limited Company Beijing 100013 China Exploration Department Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Kuerle Xinjiang 841000 China No.8 Oil Production Plant Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChina Xi＇an Shaanxi 710018 China

Neotectonic movement refers to the tectonic movement that has happened since the Cenozoic, which is the latest movement. It has the most important influence on the basins in west china, especially on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the western foreland basins. We determined the time of neotectonic movement in the Kuqa Foreland basin, which began from the Neogene, and analyzed the patterns of movement, which were continuous and fast subsidence in the vertical direction and intense lateral compression. The structure styles are that the faulting is weakened and the folding is strengthened gradually from north to south. We studied the control of neotectonic movement on the hydrocarbon accumulation process and model in the Kuqa Foreland basin with basin simulation technique. The largest subsidence rate of the Kuqa Foreland basin reached 1,200 m/Ma during the neotectonic movement, leading to rapid maturing of source rock within 5 Ma and a large quantity of hydrocarbon being generated and expelled. The thick neotectonic strata can form high quality reservoirs with the proved gas and oil reserves accounting for 5% and 27% of the total reserves, respectively. 86% of the structural traps were formed in the neotectonic movement period. The faults formed during the neotectonic movement serve as important migration pathways and they exist in the region where the hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed. Abnormally high pressure caused by the intense lateral compression, thick neotectonic strata deposition and rapid hydrocarbon generation provide driving force for hydrocarbon migration. The accumulation elements match each other well over a short period, leading to many large gas fields formed later in the Kuqa Foreland basin.

关键词： Kuqa Foreland basin neotectonic movement accumulation element accumulation process accumulation model

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Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3 ,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang university,Hangzhou 310027,china 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3 Institute of Exploration and Development,Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 4 university of petroleum,beijing102249,china 5 Petrochina research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development,beijing 100083,china 1. Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China2. Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China3. Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710021 China4. University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The Ordos basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in china,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3 of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13C values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13C 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13C 2 andδ13C 3 values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13C 1 >δ13C 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13Cvalues for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13C 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

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A quick evaluation model for CO_2 flooding and sequestration

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petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 515-523页

作者： Yao Yuedong Ji Zemin Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

CO2 flooding not only triggers an increase in oil production,but also reduces the amount of CO2 released to the atmosphere （by storing it permanently in the formations）.It is one of the best ways to use and store *** paper firstly selects the key factors after analyzing the factors influencing the CO2 storage potential in the formations and oil recovery,and then introduces a series of dimensionless variables to describe reservoir *** influencing factors with varying values are calculated through a Box-Behnken experimental *** results are interpreted by a response surface method,and then a quick screening model is obtained to evaluate the oil recovery and CO2 storage potential for an oil *** on the evaluation model,sensitivity analysis of each factor is carried ***,research on CO2 sequestration and flooding in a typical reservoir indicates that the evaluation model fits well with the numerical simulation,which proves that the evaluation model can provide criteria for screening attractive candidate reservoirs for CO2 sequestration and flooding.

关键词： Evaluation model enhanced oil recovery CO2 sequestration Box-Behnken design response surface method

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Forming Mechanism of High Quality reservoirs of Tertiary in the Southern Margin of Junggar basin and Forecasting Before Drilling

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 139-140页

作者： Lihong Song,Shaoqiang Sui Sedimentary reservoir Key Laboratories of Experimental center,Exploration and Development research Institute of china petroleum,beijing 100083,china.

Tertiary Junggar basin has been subjected to a shrinking *** by the Yanshan orogeny, especially the Himalayan movement,the Tianshan Mountain continued to rise,leading the southern margin to the sedimentary environment with steep slope and speed *** major depositional facies in Ziniquanzi Formation is generally a set of delta under the setting of lake transgression,belonging to single deposi-

关键词： Junggar basin Teritary reservoir heavy mineral diagenesis

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The productivity evaluation model and its application for finite conductivity horizontal wells in fault block reservoirs

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petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 530-535页

作者： Jiang Hanqiao Ye Shuangjiang Lei Zhanxiang Wang Xing Zhu Guojin Chen Minfeng Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China research Institute of petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China research Institute of china National Offshore Oil Corporation Beijing 100027 China

It is very difficult to evaluate the productivity of horizontal wells in fault block reservoirs due to the influence of fault *** the basis of the method of images and source-sink theory,a semianalytical model coupling reservoir and finite conductivity horizontal wellbore flow dynamics was built,in which the influence of fault sealing was taken into *** distribution of wellbore flow and radial inflow profiles along the horizontal interval were also *** impact of the distance between the horizontal well and the fault on the well productivity was quantitatively *** on this analysis,the optimal distance between the horizontal well and the fault in banded fault block reservoirs could be *** to the field application,the relative error calculated by the model proposed in this paper is within ±15%.It is an effective evaluation method for the productivity of horizontal wells in fault block *** productivity of the horizontal well increases logarithmically as the distance between the horizontal well and the fault *** optimal distance between the horizontal well and the fault is 0.25-0.3 times the horizontal well length.

关键词： Fault block reservoir horizontal well finite conductivity productivity evaluation well location design

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Characteristics and evolution of strike-slip tectonics of the Liaohe Western Sag,Bohai Bay basin

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petroleum Science 2008年第3期5卷 223-229页

作者： Tong Hengmao Yu Fusheng Geng Changbo Key State Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration. china university of petroleum Beijing 102249 China CNPC International research center. beijing 100083. china

Because of its rich oil and gas resources and the special tectonic location of the Liaohe Western Sag （the Tanlu Fault traverses the sag）, Bohai Bay basin, a detailed study of its strike-slip tectonics is significant in revealing the sag＇s tectonic evolution, its control on hydrocarbon accumulation, and the activity history of the northern section of the Tanlu Fault in the Cenozoic. Through systematic structure analysis of 3D seismic data of the Liaohe Western Sag, combined with balanced section analysis, a variety of structural features in relation to right-lateral strike-slip faults, such as echelon normal faults, ＂comb＂ structure, ＂flower＂ structure,＂interpretable＂ and ＂buried＂ strike-slip faults have been revealed exist in the Liaohe Western Sag. According to the research in this paper, the complex structural phenomena in the Liaohe Western Sag could be reasonably interpreted as right-lateral strike-slip activity and the strike-slip activities of the Liaohe Western Sag began in the early Oligocene. The activity was weak at the beginning （E3s1-2）, then strengthened gradually and reached its strongest level in the late Oligocene （E3d1）. In the Miocene, the strike-slip activity was low and then strengthened significantly once again from the Pliocene to the present. It is speculated that the entire northern section of the Tanlu Fault has had a similar evolution history since the Oligocene.

关键词： Bohai Bay basin Western Sag Tanlu Fault strike-slip tectonics tectonic evolution

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Potential risks of spectrum whitening deconvolution——compared with well-driven deconvolution

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petroleum Science 2009年第2期6卷 146-152页

作者： Li Guofa Zhou Hui Zhao Chao State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory of CNPC Geophysical Exploration China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Deconvolution is widely used to increase the resolution of seismic data. To compare the resolution ability of conventional spectrum whitening deconvolution to thin layers with that of welldriven deconvolution, a complex sedimentary geological model was designed, and then the simulated seismic data were processed respectively by each of the two methods. The amplitude spectrum of seismic data was almost white after spectrum whitening, but the wavelet resolution was low. The amplitude spectrum after well-driven deconvolution deviated from white spectrum, but the wavelet resolution was high. Further analysis showed that if an actual reflectivity series could not well satisfy the hypothesis of white spectrum, spectrum whitening deconvolution had a potential risk of wavelet distortion, which might lead to a pitfall in high resolution seismic data interpretation. On the other hand, the wavelet after well- driven deconvolution had higher resolution both in the time and frequency domains. It is favorable for high resolution seismic interpretation and reservoir prediction.

关键词： Well-driven high resolution spectrum whitening deconvolution seismic wavelet

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HEAT FLOW DISTRIBUTION IN THE QAIDAM basin, NORTHWEST china

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Scientia Geologica Sinica 2001年第3期 181-189页

作者： QIU NANSHENG Key Lab for petroleum Entrapment Mechanism in Ministry of Education, university of petroleum, beijing 102249. basin & reservoir research center, university of petroleum, beijing 102249.

This paper gives a heat flow distribution map of the Qaidam basin, which was compiled on the basis of our own 47 heat flow values. Of these 47 heat flow values 19 are measured heat flow value and 28 are calculated or estimated heat flow values. In this basin the heat flow values range from 31.3mW/m2 to 70.4mW/m2, with the average value of 52.6 (9.6 mW/m2. The heat flow of higher than 60mW/m2 is in the western and center of the basin; the lowest heat flow of 31.3 mW/m2 is on northeastern of the basin.

关键词： heat Wang Jun HEAT FLOW DISTRIBUTION IN THE QAIDAM basin NORTHWEST china

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