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NF-κB,a hot topic in biochemical and medical studies in china

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第12期53卷 1485-1487页

作者： WEI Yan state key laboratory of brain and cognitive sciences,institute of Biophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china state key laboratory of brain and cognitive sciences Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In 1986, nuclear factor (NF)-κB was first discovered in the laboratory of Nobel Prize laureate David Baltimore via its interaction with a sequence (5′-GGGACTTTCC-3′) in the immunoglobulin light-chain enhancer in B

关键词： NF-κB transcription factor signaling pathway upregulation downregulation

Properties of mouse retinal ganglion cell dendritic growth during postnatal development

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第6期53卷 669-676页

作者： YANG XiuLan,SHI XiangMing & HE ShiGang state key laboratory of brain and cognitive sciences,institute of Biophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china state key laboratory of brain and cognitive sciences Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The property of dendritic growth dynamics during development is a subject of intense ***,we investigated the dendritic motility of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) during different developmental stages,using ex vivo mouse retina explant culture,Semliki Forest Virus transfection and time-lapse *** results illustrated that during development,the dendritic motility underwent a change from rapid growth to a relatively stable state,i.e.,at P0 (day of birth),RGC dendrites were in a highly active state,whereas at postnatal 13 (P13) they were more stable,and at P3 and P8,the RGCs were in an intermediate *** any given developmental stage,RGCs of different types displayed the same dendritic growth rate and *** the mouse is the most popular mammalian model for genetic manipulation,this study provided a methodological foundation for further exploring the regulatory mechanisms of dendritic development.

关键词： retinal ganglion cells dendritic development time-lapse observation

Research progress on Drosophila visual cognition in china

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第3期53卷 374-384页

作者： GUO AiKe1,2,ZHANG Ke1,PENG YueQin1 & XI Wang1 1 institute of Neuroscience,state key laboratory of Neuroscience,Shanghai institutes for Biological sciences,chinese academy of sciences,Shanghai 200031,china 2 state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science,institute of Biophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Visual cognition,as one of the fundamental aspects of cognitive neuroscience,is generally associated with high-order brain functions in animals and ***,as a model organism,shares certain features of visual cognition in common with mammals at the genetic,molecular,cellular,and even higher behavioral *** learning and memory to decision making,Drosophila covers a broad spectrum of higher cognitive behaviors beyond what we had *** with powerful tools of genetic manipulation in Drosophila,an increasing number of studies have been conducted in order to elucidate the neural circuit mechanisms underlying these cognitive behaviors from a genes-brain-behavior *** goal of this review is to integrate the most important studies on visual cognition in Drosophila carried out in china's Mainland during the last decade into a body of knowledge encompassing both the basic neural operations and circuitry of higher brain function in ***,we consider a series of the higher cognitive behaviors beyond learning and memory,such as visual pattern recognition,feature and context generalization,different feature memory traces,salience-based decision,attention-like behavior,and cross-modal leaning and *** discuss the possible general gain-gating mechanism implementing by dopamine-mushroom body circuit in fly's visual *** hope that our brief review on this aspect will inspire further study on visual cognition in flies,or even beyond.

关键词： Visual invariance recognition visual memory traces feature and context generalization selective attention cross-modality memory integration salience-based decision making

Chronic morphine treatment decreases acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in rats

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 1356-1360页

作者： MENG ZhiQiang1,3, ZHOU DongMing1,2, WANG JianHong1 & MA YuanYe1,2 1state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science, Kunming institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, china 2state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science, institute of Biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 3Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The reward-related effects of addictive drugs primarily act via the dopamine system, which also plays an important role in sensorimotor gating. The mesolimbic dopamine system is the common pathway of drug addiction and sensorimotor gating. However, the way in which addictive drugs affect sensorimotor gating is currently unclear. In previous studies, we examined the effects of morphine treatment on sensory gating in the hippocampus. The present study investigated the effects of morphine on sensorimotor gating in rats during chronic morphine treatment and withdrawal. Rats were examined during treatment with morphine for 10 successive days, followed by a withdrawal period. Acoustic startle responses to a single startle stimulus (115 dB SPL) and prepulse inhibition responses were recorded. The results showed that acoustic startle responses were attenuated during morphine treatment, but not during withdrawal. PPI was impaired in the last 2 morphine treatment days, but returned to a normal level during withdrawal.

关键词： morphine treatment sensorimotor gating startle response prepulse inhibition

Antioxidant effects of green tea polyphenols

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chinese science Bulletin 2003年第4期48卷 315-319页

作者： ZHAO Baolu laboratory of Visual Information Processing, Research Centers of brain and cognitive science, institute of Biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china laboratory of Visual Information Processing Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The unprecedented interest in the antioxidant activity of green tea polyphenols (GTP) is due to the appar-ent health benefits of tea drinking and the experimental re-sults with the polyphenols. The results suggest that the gal-loylated catechins show stronger antioxidant effect than that of nongalloylated catechins and the double bond in C ring also plays an important role in this effect. There are synergic effects between different catechins and the antioxidant effect of (+)-epimers is stronger than that of (-)-epimers. The active site to scavenge free radicals mainly locates in p-hydroxyl of phenol in gallic acid and hydroxyl of phenol in the pyrane also shows activity. The large p bond in chromane and benzene ring of catechin is the structure base for their anti-oxidant effects. The prevent effect of GTP against diseases and their redox regulation in cell signal pathway are very important to be studied in the future.

关键词：绿茶茶多酚天然抗氧化剂抗氧化作用生物类黄酮自由基抗衰老

Early ERP effects on the scaling of spatial attention in visual search

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第4期18卷 381-386页

作者： Ya-Nan Niu a,b, Jing-Han Wei a, Yue-Jia Luo a,c, a institute of psychology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china b Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china c state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, beijing Normal University, 19 Xin-wai Avenue, beijing 100875, china institute of psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University 19 Xin-wai Avenue Beijing 100875 China

This article describes the examination of the spatial ’scaling’ effect of visual attention with the technique of event-related potential (ERP). Eighteen participants were involved in a visual search task in which the cue-target paradigm was used. The search array was three concentric circles consisting of randomly selected English letters that were equally distributed in each circle. The behavioral and ERP data were recorded, respectively. The behavioral results showed that the response time increased and the response accuracy decreased with the increase of precue size. The ERPs amplitude of P1 and N1 components evoked by search array increased with the reduction of precue size. However, the latencies of these ERP components did not show significant differences between conditions. The hierarchical data of both behavioral assessment and ERPs provided evidence for the spatial ’scaling’ effect of visual attention. The amplitudes of P1 and N1 components may be used as indices to examine the effect of spatial ’scaling’. In different tasks, the display-set size of stimuli and the task complexity may be important factors that affect the attention allocation.

关键词： Visual search Spatial attention ‘Scaling’ effect Event-related potential

brain structure in diving players on MR imaging studied with voxel-based morphometry

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2009年第10期19卷 1397-1402页

作者： Gaoxia Wei a,Jing Luo a,Youfa Lib a key laboratory of Mental Health,institute of psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china b National key laboratory of cognitive Neurosciences and Learning,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National key laboratory of cognitive Neurosciences and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

We adopted professional diving players as a typical subject pool to explore whether structural brain differences relative to motor skill acquisition exist between highly skilled athletes and *** on the voxel-based morphometric(VBM) technique,structural MRIs of the brains of 12 elite diving players with professional training were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects without any professional physical *** players showed significantly increased gray matter density in the thalamus and left pre-central gyrus than control ***,future researches are needed to prove the contribution of preposition and *** also suggests that athletes as the subject pool could form a new subject pool to explore plastic change induced by motor skill acquisition.

关键词： Cortical plasticity Motor skill acquisition Voxel-based morphometry Diving players

Inconspicuous anchoring effects generated by false information

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第11期18卷 1375-1382页

作者： Chen Qu~(a,b) Jun Wang~a Yuejia Luo~(a,c,*) a state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china b Center for studies of Psychological Application,South china Normal University Guangzhou,510631,china c key laboratory of Mental Health,institute of psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Center for studies of Psychological Application South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The impact of false information on numerical judgments was examined on young normal subjects by an event-related potential(ERP) *** imitate the judgments in real world,we ensured the subjects acknowledged of the target *** behavioral results found that both uncertain information and false information assimilated the final estimates:higher after higher anchors and lower after lower anchors;and false information caused a weaker anchoring bias than uncertain *** results provided further electro- physiological evidence for the mechanism of *** the early phrase,it was an accessibility-dominated process in which two kinds of anchors elicited an N300 component related to the accessibility of anchors *** knowledge relevant to targets joined the process in the late phrase,which caused a larger amplitude of late positive component(LPC)for implausible lower anchors than that for plausible higher *** analysis showed that medial frontal gyrus,whose activity was suggested to signal the need of adjust- ment,was more reliable to explain the LPC elicited by implausible lower ***,we suggest that accessibility is facilitated when the external anchor is consistent with the world knowledge,and adjustment is initiated when the external anchor is inconsistent.

关键词： False anchors Anchoring effects Accessibility Adjustment ERP

Binaurality and azimuth tuning of neurons in the auditory cortex of the big brown bat

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chinese science Bulletin 2002年第12期47卷 1024-1027页

作者： SHEN Junxian & CHEN QicaiCenter for brain and cognitive science, laboratory of Visual Information Processing, institute of Biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department of Biology, Central china Normal University, Wuhan 430070, Lab. of Visual Info. Processing Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

By using a combined closed and free-field stimulation system, binaurality and azimuth tuning of the neurons in the auditory cortex of the big brown bat, Epte-sicus fuscus, were studied. A variety of azimuth-tuning functions were demonstrated for the binaural neurons. The large majority of EE (contralateral and ipsilateral excitatory) neurons exhibited azimuth selectivity with the best azimuths (BA) at contralateral 30°-40°, some at ipsilateral 20°-40° and preferred azimuth ranges (PAR, response amplitude >75% of maximum) between 8° and 40°. Sound source azimuths strongly modulate spike counts with a mean modulation depth of 83.8% for EE neurons. EI (contralateral excitatory and ipsilateral inhibitory) neurons have simple azimuth tuning with BA located at contralateral 20°-40° and a broad PAR ranged from 30° to 55°. The present results suggest that azimuth-tuning characteristics of binaural neurons in the auditory cortex of the bat are of significance for acoustic behaviour.

关键词： bat auditory cortex binaural neurons azimuth tuning.