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Resource and Environmental Quality Changes and Adjustment Principles for Sustainable Development in Rapidly Developing Coastal Region of Southeastern China

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Pedosphere 2001年第4期11卷 289-299页

作者： ZHAO QIGUO institute of Soil Science, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. box 821, Nanjing 210008 (China) 中科院南京土壤所江苏南京 210008

Problems in water-land resources and environmental quality increase with the fast economic development in the coastal region of southeastern China. This region has the highest density in population, industry and towns in China, and the large export-oriented economy makes itself a strategic importance while China enters into international markets. The problems facing to this region include arable land reduction, land degradation aggravation, high percentage of built-up land with high rate of expansion, expanded non-point pollution, deteriorated water quality, decreasing biodiversity, destroyed ecosystems, severe air pollution, frequently occurred acid rain, and multi-pollutants. The important research fields in the near future should include a) influence of high-intensity exploitation of resources on changes of environment quality and its feedback; b) interface processes, key mechanisms and adjustment principles for degradation of water-, land-, and air-resources and environmental quality; c) evolvement processes and nurturing theory of biodiversity and ecological resources; and d) spatio-temporal variation and human-induced effects on regional resources and environment quality. Strategies for sustainable development in the region are as follows: a) controlling to ensure basic cultivated land area; b) enforcing remediation of polluted water environment, and controlling non-point pollution; c) strengthening ecological construction and ecological security; and d) controlling multi-pollution and preventing trace toxic pollutants.

关键词： coastal region environment quality fast economic development southeastern China water- land resource

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Adaptation of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 to Temperature Change in Methanol Synthesis from CO2 Hydrogenation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2002年第Z1期 63-69页

作者： Jialin Tao,Ki-Won Jun,Kyu-Wan Lee1. Chemical Technology Lab. 1, Korea research institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. box 107, Yusong, Taejon 305-600, Korea2. Chengdu institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China[Manus

The induction behavior in CO2 hydrogenation was studied by varying the reaction temperature to investigate the adaptation of the Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst to the temperature change. The results indicated that a used catalyst had a tendency to keep the last running state in new reaction conditions for MeOH formation, and that this tendency was related to the difference in Cu/Cun+ ratio caused by CO2 and CO produced at different reaction temperatures. However, the reverse water-gas shift reaction (RWGS) induced at four temperatures was completely different from that of methanol synthesis. It implied that the two so-called competitive reactions in CO2+H2, RWGS and methanol synthesis, have different active centers.

关键词： induction Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst methanol adaptation

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Experimental Investigation on Flow and Drying Characteristics of Impinging Stream Drying

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Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing 2001年第2期8卷 141-144页

作者： Xiulan Huai, Dengying Liu, Xiaoming Cui, Qun Meng (institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chemise Academy of Sciences, P. O. box 2706, Beijing 100080, China) Chinese Acad Sci Inst Engn Thermophys Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

Based on the experimental investigation of one-stage semi-circular impinging stream drying, the experiments with the two-stage semi-circular, as well as the vertical and semi-circular combined impinging stream drying were conducted. The variations of system pressure drop, the mean residence time of particles with the mass flow-rate ratio and air velocity etc, were determined. The influences of inlet air temperature, mass flow-rate ratio, initial moisture content of particles and air velocity etc. on drying characteristics were also studied. The results indicate that the vertical and semi-circular combined impinging stream drying can make full use of the advantages of both the vertical and semi-circular impinging stream drying. Reasonable mass flow-rate ratio, air velocity, and higher inlet air temperature should be used for less energy consumption and cost during drying process.

关键词： two-stage semi-circular impinging stream drying combined impinging stream drying flow characteristics drying characteristics

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Identification of Hercynian shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island and its geotectonic implications

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Science Bulletin 2006年第20期51卷 2507-2519页

作者： XIE Caifu1, 2, ZHU Jinchu1, DING Shijiang3, ZHANG Yeming2, FU Tai’an2 & LI Zhihong2 1. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits research and Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 2. Yichang institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Yichang 443003, China 3. Hainan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Haikou 570226, China Department of Otolaryngology University Hospital VU P.O. Box 7057 1007 MB Amsterdam The Netherlands State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits research and Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

An identification has been made of some shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island recently. These rocks are K-rich (K2O=2.9%―5.1%, K2O/Na2O=0.95―2.12), distinctly enriched in LILE and LREE, strongly depleted in Nb, Ta, and moder- ately depleted in Sr and Ti, with (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70859―0.71425 and ε Nd(t) = (?2.77―?7.49). They were derived from an EMⅡ-type mantle source. The enrichment process is related to metasomatism of depleted mantle caused by a great amount of fluid-melt released from oceanic crust and terri- genous sediments at great depth (eclogite facies) during the subduction of the South China plate under the Indochina-South China Sea plate in the Carbon- iferous–Early Permian. A SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating yields a crystallization age of 272±7 Ma for the sho- shonitic intrusions, which is coeval with the strongly peraluminous granites found in central Hainan Island. These two kinds of rocks generally possess syn-intrusion ductile deformation structures. Thus they are considered to have been generated during the early stage (syn-thrust phase) of a post-collisional event. The primary magma of shoshonitic rocks was produced at a depth > 80 km by decompression- dehydration melting of previously enriched litho- spheric mantle wedge, phlogopite-bearing garnet peridotite, which was in turn caused by the break-off of a descendent slab and upwelling of a hot as- thenosphere. The rising of melts was accompaniedby crustal contamination and crystallization fractiona- tion (AFC). Combining with other related data, it is proposed that the southwards subduction and amal- gamation of the South China plate with the Indo- China-South China Sea plate took place at ca. 287- 278 Ma, which was a part of the convergence proc- ess of the Pangea supercontinent. The suture zone was probably located along the line of Song Ma-Beibu Gulf-north margin of the Yunkai Moun- tains-Wuyi Mountains.

关键词： SHRIMP U-Pb dating Hercynian shoshonitic intrusive rocks post-collisional event enriched mantle Hainan Island.

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Applying Force-Directed Placer to Wafer Scale Placement

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1992年第4期3卷 53-60页

作者： Ren WenjieDept of Computer Science, Changsha Inst. of Technology, Changsha, 410073, ChinaShen XubangShaanxi Microelectronics research institute, P.O. box 19, Lintong 710600, P.R. China Dept of Computer Science Changsha Inst. of Technology Changsha 410073 China Shaanxi Microelectronics research institute P.O. Box 19 Lintong 710600 P.R. China

A placement algorithm for discretionary wiring WSI system, WFDP, is proposed in this paper. WFDP employes force-directed placement algorithm. First the relative locations of macro circuit component are determined. In the phase of determining the real location of the circuit component, it avoids the problem of determining the real location of arbitrary component by employing divide-conquer strategy and removing the hierarchical division. Its computation is much more simpler than other homologous algorithm. A simple model used to estimate the quality of placement is also proposed. Although the WFDP is aimed at WSI, it can also be used in the placement of other redundancy-oriented device or system such as RVLSI, etc.

关键词： WSI Placement Force-directed placement WFDP Quality measure

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Changes in Phosphorus Fractions, pH, and Phosphatase Activity in Rhizosphere of Two rice Genotypes

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Pedosphere 2008年第6期18卷 785-794页

作者： LI Yong-Fu LUO An-Cheng WEI Xing-Hua YAO Xu-Guo College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 （China） School of Environmental Science and Technology Zhejiang Forestry University Lin＇an 311300 （China） State Key Laboratory of rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 （China）

A rhizobox experiment with two phosphorus (P) treatments, zero-P (0 mg P kg-1) and plus-P (100 mg P kg-1) as Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O, was conducted to study the chemical and biochemical properties in the rhizosphere of two rice genotypes (cv. Zhongbu 51 and Pembe) different in P uptake ability and their relationship with the depletion of soil P fractions. Plant P uptake, pH, phosphatase activity, and soil P fractions in the rhizosphere were measured. Both total dry weight and total P uptake of Pembe were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of Zhongbu 51 in the zero-P and plus-P treatments. Significant depletions of resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, and NaOH-Pi, where Pi stands for inorganic P and Po for organic P, were observed in the rhizosphere of both Zhongbu 51 and Pembe under both P treatments. Pembe showed a greater ability than Zhongbu 51 in depleting resin-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, NaOH-Pi, and NaOH- Po in the rhizosphere. HCl-Pi and residual-P were not depleted in the rhizosphere of both genotypes, regardless of P treatments despite significant acidification in the rhizosphere of Pembe under zero-P treatment. Higher acid phosphatase (AcPME) activity and alkaline phosphatase (AlPME) activity were observed in the rhizosphere of both Zhongbu 51 and Pembe compared to the corresponding controls without plant. AcPME activity was negatively (P < 0.01) correlated to NaHCO3-Po concentration in the rhizosphere of both Zhongbu 51 and Pembe, suggesting that AcPME was associated with the mineralization of soil organic P.

关键词： phosphatase phosphorus fractions rhizosphere rice genotypes soil pH

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Systematic Studies of Nitrogen Loss from Paddy Soils Through Leaching in the Dongting Lake Area of China

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Pedosphere 2011年第6期21卷 753-762页

作者： JI Xiong-Hui ZHENG Sheng-Xian SHI Li-Hong LIU Zhao-Bing Soil and Fertilizer institute of Hunan Province Changsha 410125 （China） Hunan Agricultural Environment research Center Changsha 410125 （China）

A two-year lysimeter study was conducted to study the effects of different fertilizers and soils on nitrogen leaching loss in a double rice cropping system by considering three major types of paddy soils from the Dongting Lake area. The results showed that N concentration in the leachate did not differ significantly among the treatments of urea, controlled release N fertilizer and pig manure and that all these fertilizers produced higher total nitrogen （TN） concentrations in the leachate compared to the case where no fertilizer was applied. The TN leaching loss following urea treatment accounted for 2.28%, 0.66%, and 1.50% of the amount of N applied in the alluvial sandy loamy paddy soil （ASL）, purple calcareous clayey paddy soil （PCC）, and reddish-yellow loamy paddy soil （RYL）, respectively. Higher TN loss was found to be correlated with the increased leachate volume in ASL compared with RYL, and the lowest TN loss was observed in the PCC, in which the lowest leachate volume and TN concentration were observed. Organic N and NH＋-N were the major forms of N depleted through leachate, accounting for 56.8% and 39.7% of TN losses, respectively. Accordingly, soil-specific fertilization regimens are recommended; in particular, the maximum amount of fertilizer should be optimized for sandy soils with a high infiltration rate. To avoid a high N leaching loss from rice fields, organic N fertilizers such as urea or coated urea should primarily be used for surface topdressing or shallow-layer application and not for deep-layer application.

关键词： double rice cropping fertilizer application leachate nitrogen concentration

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QTL Mapping and Epistasis Analysis for Yield Traits in an RIL Population of rice(Oryza sativa L.)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2003年第11期2卷 1179-1186页

作者： CAO Li-yong, ZHAN Xiao-deng, ZHUANG Jie-yun, ZHENG Kang-le and CHENG Shi-hua(National Center for rice Improvement, China National rice research institute, Hangzhou 310006 , P. R. China) National Center for rice Improvement China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 P.R. China

A genetic linkage map consisting of 168 DNA markers was constructed based on a recombinant inbred line(RID population derived from a cross between a high yielding indica variety, Zhong156, and a low yielding indica variety, Gumeil. The markers on the linkage map were distributed on all 12 chromosomes and covered 1 447. 9 cM of the genome. The parents and 304 RILs were grown in China National rice research institute(CNRRI), Hangzhou, China, in 2001, over two seasons in a randomized block design. The statistic software of QTL Mapper 1.01 was applied to detect quantitative trait loci(QTLs)and additive by environment(AE)interactions for yield traits, including panicle length, number of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, fertility and kilo-grain weight. A total of 30 QTLs with significant additive effects located on all chromosomes, except chromosomes 5 and 9, and two QTLs with significant AE interactions, were detected. Thirty-one interactions of QTLs showing significant additive by additive epistatic effects for yield traits were also detected. Genetic contributions were generally lower for QTLs showing epistatic effects compared with QTLs showing additive effects. No significant interactions between epistasis and environment were detected.

关键词： Yield traits QTLs Additive effect Epistasis Oryza sativa L.

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Influences of the Paddy rices with Different Moistures on the Head rice Recovery

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Hunan Agricultural Science ＆ Technology Newsletter 2000年第2期1卷 10-12页

作者： Liu Zemin Li Yongzhao Huang Weitong (Hunan rice research institute, Changsha 410125) Hunan rice research institute Changsha 410125

A major component rice variety of Xiangwanxian 9 (a late Indica variety) with 13.1%, 15.6% and 18. 3% of the moisture was respectively mixed with three ad-ditive varieties in 13% of moisture at ration of 7:3 for processing assorted rices. Head rice recovery of the treatments was determined 24 hours later. Analysis indicated sig-nificant differences exist in the effects produced by the component varieties, their moistures and the component variety moisture.

关键词： Assorted rice Moisture Component rice variety Head rice recovery

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Study of Failure Management System of Enterprise Equipment Based on Web Environment

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international Journal of Plant Engineering and Management 2001年第1期6卷 8-13页

作者： YANG Jin1, GONG Zhen-ming2, WANG Xiao-rong3 1School of Management, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, P. R. China 2 The Third research institute, China Aerospace Mechanics and Electronics Corporation, P.O. box 7203, Beijing 100074, P School of Management Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 P. R. China The Third research institute China Aerospace Mechanics and Electronics CorporationP.O.Box 7203Beijing 100074P.R.China Airforce University of Engineering Xi'an 710038 P. R. China

This paper discusses the new thought about failure management system of enterprise equipment based on Web Environment. That is how to utilize the Web technology to make a diagnosis and provide maintenance service rapidly for normal operation of enterprises production when some equipment is out of order. Besides, an application example is introduced.

关键词： failure management web environment client/server browser/server

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