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Geochemical characteristics of pyrolysis gas from epimetamorphic rocks in the northern basement of Songliao Basin,Northeast china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 140-147页

作者： YANG Chun 1 ,LUO Xia 2 ,LI Jian 2 ,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,LIU QuanYou 3 &Wang YuLin 4.1 department of Earth Sciences,zhejiang university,Hangzhou 310027,china 2 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development(Langfang Branch),Langfang 065007,china 3 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,china 4.department of Source and Environment,Liaoning Technical university,Fuxin 123000,china zhejiang Univ Dept Earth Sci Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang Branch Langfang 065007 Peoples R China Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Liaoning Tech Univ Dept Source & Environm Fuxing 123000 Peoples R China

The Xushen gas field,located in the north of Songliao Basin,is a potential giant gas area for china in the *** proved reserves have exceeded 1000×10 8 m 3 by the end of ***,the origin of natural gases from the deep strata is still in *** rocks as a potential gas source are widely spreading in the northern basement of Songliao *** to pyrolysis experiments for these rocks in the semi-confined system,gas production and geochemistry of alkane gases are discussed in this *** Carboniferous-Permian epimetamorphic rocks were heated from 300℃to 550℃,with temperature interval of 50℃.The gas production was quantified and measured for chemical and carbon isotopic *** show thatδ13C 1 is less than?20‰,carbon isotope trend of alkane gas isδ13C 1 2 2 >δ13C 3 ,these features suggest that the gas would be coal-type gas at high-over maturity,not be inorganic gas with reversal trend of gaseous alkanes (δ13C 1 >δ13C 2 >δ13C 3 ).These characteristics of carbon isotopes are similar with the natural gas from the basin basement,but disagree with gas from the Xingcheng ***,the mixing gases from the pyrolysis gas with coal-typed gases at high-over maturity or oil-typed gases do not cause the reversal trend of carbon *** gas generation intensity for epimetamorphic rocks is 3.0×10 8 ―23.8×10 8 m 3 /km 2 ,corresponding to Ro from 2.0%to 3.5%for organic matter.

关键词： Northern Songliao Basin epimetamorphic rock pyrolysis experiment gas generation potential carbon isotope

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Electron microscopy study of the sakhaite from endogenous borate deposit in Hunan, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 232-238页

作者： LIU Xiangwen1,2, YANG Guangming2, ZOU Huamin3, QU Jing1 & ZHAO Wenxia4.1. Graduate School, china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. china 2. Test Center, china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. china 3. Physics and Technology College, Wuhan university, Wuhan 4.0072, china 4. Test Center, Zhongshan university, Guangzhou 510275, china china Univ Geosci Grad Sch Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China china Univ Geosci Test Ctr Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Wuhan Univ Phys & Technol Coll Wuhan 430072 Peoples R China Zhongshan Univ Test Ctr Guangzhou 510275 Peoples R China

Sakhaite specimens from an endogenous borate deposit in Hunan Province, china have been studied in detail by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns obtained with different crystal zone axes show that the crystal system is cubic, with a = 1.4.3 nm. The convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns indicate that the point group and space group of sakhaite is m3m and Fd3m, respec-tively. The space group of synthetic sakhaite determined by Chichagov (1974. is F4.32. The possible reasons why the space groups of the natural and the synthetic sakhaites are different are discussed.

关键词： sakhaite, space group, convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED).

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Sorption behavior of U(VI), ^(234.U(VI) and ^(238)U(VI) onto fracture-filling clays in Beishan granite, Gansu: Application to selecting the site of high-level radwaste repository in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1649-1655页

作者： MIN Maozhong1,2, LUO Xingzhang3, WANG Ju4. JIN Yuanxin4.& WANG Rucheng1 1. department of Earth Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research, Nanjing university, Nanjing 210093, china 2. Center of Materials Analysis, Nanjing university, Nanjing 210093, china 3. department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing university, Nanjing 210093, china 4. Beijing Geology Institute, Nuclear Industry, Beijing 100029, china department of Earth Sciences State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research Nanjing University Nanjing China Center of Materials Analysis Nanjing university Nanjing china department of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing university Nanjing china Beijing Geology Institute Nuclear Industry Beijing china

The first results of sorption experiments of U(VI), 234.(VI) and 238U(VI) onto original (unpurified) fracture-filling clays from No.1 monzonitic granite intrusion, Beishan area, Gansu Province, china are reported. The monzonitic granite intrusion is a potential location for a high-level radwaste (HLW) repository in china. The present experimental results show that the maximum U(VI) sorption reached 92% at near-neutral pH and the distribution coefficient (Kd) was 1226 mL/g. A high sorption capacity of the fracture-filling clays in host rock on radioactive ele-ments is necessary for HLW deep geological disposal repository. No preferential sorption of 234. onto the clays was found. Finally, the sorption of U(VI) onto the clays was also modeled using a surface complexation model.

关键词： HLW geological disposal repository, granite, uranium, radionuclide, clay, sorption.

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Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3 ,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4.&LIU QuanYou 5 1 department of Earth Sciences,zhejiang university,Hangzhou 310027,china 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3 Institute of Exploration and Development,Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 4.university of Petroleum,Beijing10224.,china 5 Petrochina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Beijing 100083,china 1. department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China2. Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China3. Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710021 China4. University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The Ordos Basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in china,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3 of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13C values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13C 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13C 2 andδ13C 3 values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13C 1 >δ13C 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13Cvalues for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13C 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos Basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

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Heavy Metal Pollution in Soils on Railroad Side of Zhengzhou-Putian Section of Longxi-Haizhou Railroad, china

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Pedosphere 2009年第1期19卷 121-128页

作者： MA Jian-Hua CHU Chun-Jie LI Jian SONG Bo Institute of Natural Resourses and Environmental Science Henan University Kaifeng 475004 （China） department of Environment and Geography Pingdingshan University Pingdingshan 467000 （China） College of Public Administration Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 （China） College of Urban and Environmental Science Normal University of Northeast Changchun 130024 （China）

The pollution status and horizontal distribution of heavy metals (Ni, Pb, Cr, Zn, Cu, and Cd) in the soil on railroad side along the Zhengzhou-Putian section of Longxi-Haizhou Railroad were studied by collecting soil samples along a sampling section perpendicular to the railroad at the distances of 0, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 500 m from the railroad edge. The concentrations of heavy metals in the sampling soils were higher than those of the control site. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd were found to be the highest in the soils at the railroad edge, and then decreased with increasing distance from the railroad. The highest concentrations of Ni, Cr, and Cu in soils were located at about 10-30 m from the railroad. Compared with the single factor pollution index (SFPI) of heavy metals calculated for the control site, the average SFPI from the sampling sites decreased in the order of Cr > Cd > Pb > Zn > Ni > Cu. There were notable negative correlations between the integral pollution index (IPI) of soil heavy metals at all sampling sites and the distances from the railroad. According to three IPIs calculated from the background values of heavy metals in och-aquic Cambisols, the heavy metal concentrations in the control soil, and the 2nd levels for soil heavy metals in GB15618-1995, the study area could be divided, based on the distances from the railroad, into four pollution zones: heavy pollution zone (0-10 m), medium pollution zone (10-50 m), slight pollution zone (50-100 m), and warning zone (100-500 m), respectively.

关键词： heavy metals pollution index railroad soils

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Carbon isotope ratios of C_(4. plants in loess areas of North china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第1期49卷 97-102页

作者： WANG Guoan1,2,3, HAN Jiamao 2, ZHOU Liping3, XIONG Xiaogang4. TAN Ming2, WU Zhenhai5 & PENG Jun6 1. department of Plant Nutrition, china Agricultural university, Beijing 100094. china 2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 3. College of Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china 4. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, china 5. Northwest Sci-Tech university of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, china 6. Network Center, china Agricultural university, Beijing 100094. china 1. department of Plant Nutrition China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China 2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 3. College of Environmental Sciences MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes Peking University Beijing 100871 China 4. Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China 5. Northwest Sci-Tech university of Agriculture and Forestry Yangling 712100 China 6. Network Center China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China

Carbon isotope ratios (δ^(13)C) of 89 C_4.plant samples were determined fromthe loess area in North china. δ^(13)C values vary between -10.5per thousand and -14.6per thousandwith a mean of -12.6per thousand. Along a precipitation gradient from the semi-moist area to thesemiarid area, then to the arid area, the δ^(13)C values of C_4.plants show a slight decreasingtrend. The δ^(13)C values of C_4.plants in the dry season are found lower than those in the wetseason. These trends are opposite to those observed for C_3 species.

关键词： C4 plants, carbon isotope ratios, loess area.

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Distributions of fatty acids in a stalagmite related to paleoclimate change at Qingjiang in Hubei,southern china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1463-1469页

作者： XIE Shucheng1,HUANG Junhua1,WANG Hongmei2,YI Yi1,HU Chaoyong1, CAI Yanjun3 & CHENG Hai4.1. Faculty of Earth Science,china university of Geosciences,Wuhan 4.0074.china 2. School of Environmental Studies,china university of Geosciences,Wuhan 4.0074.china 3. SKLLQG,Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710075,china 4. department of Geology and Geophysics,university of Minnesota,MN554.5,USA 1. Faculty of Earth Science China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 2. School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 3. SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences 710075 Xi’an China 4. department of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota 55455 MN USA

Fatty acids extracted from a subtropical stalagmite at Qingjiang in Southern china’s Hubei Province were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These n-alkanoic acids range from C14.to C26 in carbon number, maximizing at C16, with a second dominance at C22. In contrast to the stalagmite analysed, the overlying soils are characterized by the dominance of heavy-molecular-weight homologues (>C20). The n-fatty acids in the stalagmite were proposed to be contributed by both the soil ecosystems and the microbes harboring in the percolating water and the cave. The ratios of unsaturated to saturated n-fatty acids (C16:1i/C16:0, C18:1/C18:0) appear to show trends comparable with the oxygen isotope records of the stalagmite carbonate, with enhanced values associated with the cold episode such as Heinrich event 1. This paleoclimate-dependent record of the n-fatty acids might reflect microbial changes in physiology and activity in response to the temperature. This record shows somewhat difference from the previous paleoclimate signal extracted from n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones of the same stalagmite. The acid record fails to document the well-known Younger Dryas event which was effectively shown by the latter two biomarkers derived from soil ecosystems. This discrepancy might result from the changing biogeochemical impact on different lipid fractions as well as the varied organism populations in different ecosystems.

关键词： biomarker, ecosystem, microbe, speleothem, paleoclimate, Quaternary.

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Application of the moist vorticity vector in the analysis of a heavy rainfall event in North china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1457-1465页

作者： Zhao Yu1,2,3, Wang Jianguo4.and Xue Deqiang2(1. Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory, Jinan 250031, china 3. Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, china 4. Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Jinan 250031, china) Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Observatory Jinan 250031 China Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Shandong Provincial Meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031 China

The moist vorticity vector (MVV), defined as (ζa×▽qv)/ρ introduced by Gao et al. is used to study a heavy rainfall event in North china. The MVV has zonal, meridional and vertical components in a three-dimensional framework. Analysis of domain-mean and mass-integrated quantities shows that the variation of the vertical component of the MVV closely follows the variation of the cloud hydrometeors, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.95, indicating that the vertical component of the MVV is strongly associated with midlatitude convection. Further analysis shows that the vertical component of the MVV reflects the interaction between the horizontal vorticity and the horizontal specific humidity gradient, which can associate dynamic and thermodynamic processes with cloud microphysical processes. Thus, this study can help to understand how the interaction between circulations and clouds aids the development of convection, and the MVV can be used to trace the development and evolution of heavy rainfall.

关键词： moist vorticity vector heavy rainfall modeling study.

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Carbon isotope composition of the Lower Triassic marine carbonates, Lower Yangtze Region, South china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第3期49卷 225-241页

作者： ZUO Jingxun1,2, TONG Jinnan3, QIU Haiou4.& ZHAO Laishi3 1. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, china 2. Henan Institute of Geological Survey, Zhengzhou 4.0007, china 3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources at china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. china 4. Faculty of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, china university of Geosciences, Wuhan 4.0074. china 1. Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China 2. Henan Institute of Geological Survey Zhengzhou 450007 China 3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources at china university of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 4. Faculty of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Studies on three Lower Triassic sections located on the shallow water platform, the deep water slope and in the deep water basin in the Lower Yangtze Region, South china, show the similar trend of carbon isotope evolution. Biostratigraphic correlations among the Lower Triassic sections on the basis of standard conodont zones indicate that three negative shifts occurred in the Griesbachian, the Smithian and the late Spathian stages respectively, and one distinctly positive shift occurred in the early Spathian stage. Trend of carbon isotope evolution of the Lower Triassic reflects some significant changes in the global carbon cycle. Moreover, δ 13C background values are intensively controlled by palaeogeographic environment. In general, δ 13C values from deep-water slope carbonates are lighter than those from carbonate platform and heavier than those from deep-water basin carbonates. The positive carbon isotope excursion may be induced by a significant amount of organic carbon burial in marine sediments and increase in primary productivity. The large negative carbon isotope excursions during the Early Triassic in Lower Yangtze Region are interpreted to relate to volcano eruptions based on tuffaceous claystone interlayers observed near the Permian-Triassic boundary, the Induan- Olenekian boundary and the Lower Triassic-Middle Triassic boundary.

关键词： Lower Triassic, carbon isotope compositions, palaeogeography, volcanic eruptions, Lower Yangtze Region.

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Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation for Well Yingnan 2 gas reservoir,Tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 107-114页

作者： XIAO ZhongYao 1,2 ,XIAO XianMing 3 ,MA DeMing 4.,LU YuHong 2 &YANG ChaoShi 2 1 china university of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083,china 2 Research Institutes of Exploration and Development,Tarim Oilfield Company,Petrochina,Korla 84.000,china 3 Guangzhou Institutes of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 51064.,china 4.department of Synthetic Physical-Chemical Prospecting,BGP,Zhuozhou 072656,china china Univ Min & Technol Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Petrochina Tarim Oilfield Co Res Inst Explorat & Dev Korla 841000 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China BGP Dept Synthet Phys Chem Prospecting Zhuozhou 072656 Peoples R China

Well Yingnan 2,an important exploratory well in the east of Tarim Basin,yields high commercial oil and gas flow in *** gas components and carbon isotopic composition indicate that it belongs to sapropel type *** this region presents many suits of hydrocarbon source rocks,there are some controversies that natural gases were generated from kerogen gas or crude oil cracking gas at *** using the kinetics of hydrocarbon generation and carbon isotope,natural gas of Well Yingnan 2 is composed mainly of crude oil cracking gas,about 72%,it is generated from secondary kerogen gas of Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rock and crude oil cracking gas of Mid-Upper Ordovician oil *** main oil and gas filling time is 65 Ma later in the Jurassic gas reservoir of Well Yingnan 2,so the gas reservoir belongs to late accumulation and continuous filling type.

关键词： kinetic migration and accumulation process crude oil cracking gas Well Yingnan 2 Tarim Basin

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