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Alkaloid Accumulation in Catharanthus roseus Increases with Addition of Seawater Salts to the Nutrient Solution

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Pedosphere 2010年第6期20卷 718-724页

作者： WANG Jing-Yan and LIU Zhao-Pu college of Resources and Environmental Sciences,nanjing agricultural university,nanjing 210095 (china) [a] college of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China)

A sand culture experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different seawater (5% and 10%) treatments on plant growth,inorganic ions,indole alkaloid concentrations and yields of Catharanthus roseus,in an effort to increase the alkaloid yield by artificial *** total fresh and dry weights and tissue K + concentrations decreased,but Na + concentrations increased in the plant roots,stems and leaves of *** under seawater stress as compared to the *** concentrations and yields of vindoline,catharanthine,vinblastine and vincristine increased under seawater *** concentrations and yields of these alkaloids were higher in 5% seawater-treated plants than those in the 10% seawater-treated *** the industrial production,5% seawater treatments could reduce the cost of producing *** the control plants,the highest alkaloid concentrations reached a peak at 100 days after planting,suggesting that plant harvest must be optimized in terms of growth duration.

关键词： indole alkaloid inorganic ions plant growth seawater irrigation seawater stress

Differentially Expression of Tual,a Tubulin-encoding Gene,during Flowering of Tea plant Camellia sinensis (L.) *** Using cDNA Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Technique

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第9期38卷 653-662页

作者： Wan-Ping FANG~(1,2) Chang-Jun JIANG~1* Mei YU~1 Ai-Hua YE~1 Zhao-Xia WANG~(1,3) 1 Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry and Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture,Anhui agricultural university,Hefei 230036,china 2 college Of Horticulture,nanjing Agriculture university,nanjing 210095,china 3 Auhui Institute of Education,Hefei 230036,china Key Laboratory of Tea Biochemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036 China college Of Horticulture Nanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjing 210095 China Auhui Institute of EducationHefei 230036 China

The complementary DNA （cDNA） amplified fragment length polymorphism technique wasused to isolate transcript-derived fragments corresponding to genes involved in the flowering of tea *** sequence analysis of an approximately 300 bp differential fragment amplified by primer combi-nation E11M11revealed 80%-84% similarity to the corresponding part of an α-tubulin gene of other *** complete cDNA sequence of this α-tubulin was cloned by the rapid amplification of cDNA ends technique;its full length is 1537 bp and contains an open reading frame of 450 amino acid residues with two N-glycosylation sites and four protein kinase C phosphorylation *** deduced amino acid sequences didshow significant homology to the α-tubulin from other plants that has been reported to be a pollen-specificprotein and could be correlated with plant cytoplasm-nucleus-interacted male *** named this completecDNA *** nucleotide and amino acid sequence data of Tual have been recorded in the GenBanksequence database with the accession *** Tual gene was cloned into the pET-32aexpression system and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21trxB（DE3）.The molecular weight of expressedprotein was deduced to be approximately 49 *** blot analysis was used to identify the temporalexpression of Tual in tea *** studies of the effect of Tual protein on pollen tube growth indicatedthe Tual solution obviously promoted the growth of tea pollen tube.

关键词： cDNA-AFLP Camellia sinensis flower bud α-tubulin Western blot pollen

Release of active oxygen from phytopathogenic bacteria and their regulation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第1期44卷 71-75页

作者： LI Hongyu WANG JinshengKey Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Agriculture Department of plant protection, nanjing Agriculture university, nanjing 210095, china Corresponding author Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of plant Diseases and Pests Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing China Department of plant protection Nanjing Agriculture University Nanjing China

Some phytopathogenic bacteria including Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae （a rice leaf bacterial blight pathogen） and its virulent gene mutant XooM3105,Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Erwinia carotovora subsp, carotovora and so on, could release active oxygen such as O2 and H2O2 by ***2+, NADPH and O2 concentration regulated the response. The response is sensitive to heat and proteinase. These results show that the component releasing active oxygen in the bacterial plant pathogen may involve special protein and enzyme and be secreted to culture liquid. Various components of rice tissue can significantly induce the release of active oxygen in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

关键词： phytopathogenic bacteria release of active oxygen rice bacterial leaf blight pathogen interaction between host and pathogen signal transduction.

Composition of Wheat Rhizosphere Antagonistic Bacteria and Wheat Sharp Eyespot as Affected by Rice Straw Mulching

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 505-514页

作者： CHEN Huai-Gu CAO Qi-Guang XIONG Gui-Lin LI Wei ZHANG Ai-Xiang YU Han-Shou WANG Jin-Sheng college of plant protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China) Institute of plant protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Nanjing 210014 (China) college of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China)

To assess the effect of rice straw mulching on changes of antagonistic bacteria and the incidence of wheat sharp eyespot, a multi-year field study was performed to compare unmulched plots and the plots mulched with rice straw for two or three years. Bacterial and fungal populations were evaluated in the cultures prepared from the wheat rhizosphere and bulk soils. Rice straw mulching increased the number of pseudomonas colony forming units in wheat rhizosphere and bulk soils. The proportion of total bacteria that were fluorescent pseudomonads was higher in mulched than in unmulched soil. Bacterial isolates antagonistic to Rhizoctonia cerealis were identified using an inhibition zone test. A series of these isolates were typed by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Pseudomonads had higher antagonistic activity against R. cerealis than other species, and more than 80% of rhizosphere fluorescent pseudomonads were antagonistic to R. eerealis. The disease indices were lower in the mulched plots than in the unmulched control. These results suggest that rice straw mulching in a rice-wheat rotation increases the number of fluorescent pseudomonads. Additionally, these fluorescent pseudomonads may contribute to the control of wheat sharp eyespot.

关键词： antagonistic microorganisms disease control fluorescent pseudomonads Rhizoctonia cerealis rice-wheat rotation

Effect of Silicon on Leaf Ultrastructure, Chlorophyll Content and Photosynthetic Activity of Barley Under Salt Stress

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Pedosphere 1998年第4期8卷 289-296页

作者： LIANG YONGCHAO (Department of plant Nutrition, college of Natural Reaources and Environmental Science, and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Growth and Regulation, nanjing agricultural university, nanjing 210095 china) Department of plant Nutrition College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

Two contrasting cultivars of barley (Horderm vykgare L.): Kepin No. 7 (salt sensitive), and Jian 4 (salt tolerant) were grown in a hydroponics system with 2 NaCl levels: 60 mmol NaCl L-1 and 120 mmol NaCl L-1, and 3 Si levels: 0 mmol Si L-1, 0.5 mmol Si L-1 and 1.0 mmol Si L-1 (as silicic acid). Compared with the plants treated with 60 mmol NaCl L-1 alone, the leaf chlorophyll contents of plants treated with salt and Si increased significantly for salt-sensitive cultivar at tillering stage, but for salt-tolerant cultivar,the addition of Si resulted in an obvious increase in the leaf chlorophyll content of plants exposed to 120 mmol NaCl L-1. However, this Si-enhancement of leaf chlorophyll content was also observed in the salttolerant plants at jointing stage, but not in the salt-sensitive plants. Moreover, leaf chlorophyll content was consistently higher for the salt-tolerant cultivar than for the salt-sensitive cultivar irrespective of salt and/or Si treatment. Compared with the plants treated with salt alone, net CO2 assimilation rate in plant leaves increased significantly for both cultivars when trested with salt and Si. The addition of Si to the salt treatment was found to improve the cell ultrastructure of leaves. Under salt stress condition, the double membranes of chloroplasts disappeared, but membrane integrity was markedly improved in the salt treatment supplemented with Si. Silicon was also found to ameliorate the damage to the ultrastructure of chloroplast granae which appeared to be disintegrated and vague in salt treatments without added Si. The results support previous work which showed that Si decreases the permeability of plasma membranes of salt-stressed barley, thus mitigating salt damage.

关键词： barley photosynthesis salt silicon ultrastructure

RECENT ADVANCES IN THE PHYSIOLOGY OF FOREST INSECTS IN china

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Journal of Northeast Forestry university 1992年第2期3卷 34-40页

作者： Dai Huaguo(Northeast Forestry university,)Dept,of plant proteetion nanjing agricultural university nanjing,210014,china 1. Northeast Forestry university China

In china the research in the phusiology of forest in inseets began in the 1970s,and in the 1980s a great deal of research works was done in this field,a lot of which were concen-trated on the isolation,identification and synthesis of sex pheromones on the injurious forest in-seets with in Lepidopteron and *** the field of tree resistance physiology,some ad-vanees were achieved in the resislance mechanism of poplar to Longicorn beetles and *** research of the resistance of plne to Matsucoccusmalsumurae Kuwana is now also going *** addition,the seductive function of plant sex seducements to the Longicorn bee-tle and its digestion physiology are also being *** reports on the analysis of proteins,isoenzymes and amino acids applied to classification of Longicorn beetles,Pine moths and Aphids have been published.A relatively deep insight was gained in the physiological characters of overwintering larvae of Coleophoradahuriea *** the deep cold region of Hellongjiang

关键词： Forest insect physiology sex phcromone. Resistance to pest sex attract Isocnzymc overwinter physiology artificial feeder.

Commercial production of transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton varieties and the resistance management for bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第14期45卷 1249-1257页

作者： ZHANG Tianzhen & TANG CanmingKey Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Department of Agronomy, nanjing agricultural university, nanjing 210095, china Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm & Breeding Ministry of Agriculture Department of Agronomy Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China

There are currently three kinds of transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton germplasm lines, Shanxi 94-24, Zhongxin 94 and R19, in china. They showed high resistance to the neonate larvae of bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera). Transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton varieties or hybrids have been bred using the three kinds of germplasm lines as parents. Our researches reveal that there exist different expressions in resistant level at different developmental stages in the three categories of germplasm lines. When neonate larvae are fed with leaves of cotton plant at the seeding stage with less than 10 leaves on the main stem, the mortality of the neonate larvae is 100%, but the resistance level will decline at later season. When Bt gene has been transferred to the cotton genome, it can be steadily transferred to the progeny, the level of resistance to bollworm keeps fundamentally uniform. Such insects as tobacco budworm (Heliothis virencens) in laboratory directive selection are very apt to produce resistance

关键词： transgenic Bt insect-resistant cotton Helicoverpa armigera resistance spatial and temporal expression insect resistance management.

Adaptive recurrent-functional-link-network control for hypersonic vehicles with atmospheric disturbances

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第3期54卷 482-497页

作者： DU YanLi 1, WU QingXian 2 , JIANG ChangSheng 2 & XUE YaLi 2 1 college of Astronautics, nanjing university of Aeronautics and Astronautics, nanjing 210016, china 2 college of Automation Engineering, nanjing university of Aeronautics and Astronautics, nanjing 210016, china 1. college of Astronautics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China2. College of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China

The controller design for a near-space hypersonic vehicle (NHV) is challenging due to its plant uncertainties and sensitivity to atmospheric disturbances such as gusts and turbulence. This paper first derives 12 states equations of NHVs subjected to variable wind field, and presents a novel recurrent neural network (RNN) control method for restraining atmospheric disturbances. The method devises a new B-spline recurrent functional link network (BRFLN) and combines it with the nonlinear generalized predictive control (NGPC) algorithm. Moreover, the proportional-derivative (PD) correction BRFLN is proposed to approximate atmo- spheric disturbances in flight. The weights of BRFLN are online tuned by the adaptive law based on Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, simulation results show a satisfactory performance for the attitude tracking of the NHV in the mesosphere, and also illustrate the controller's robustness to wind turbulence.

关键词： near-space hypersonic vehicle atmospheric disturbances nonlinear predictive control adaptive control B-spline recurrent functional link network

Studies on the Host Biotypes and Its Cause of Cotton Aphidin nanjing,china

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agricultural Sciences in china 2002年第11期1卷 1211-1215页

作者： LIU Xiang-dong, ZHAI Bao-ping and ZHANG Xiao-xi(college of plant protection, nanjing agricultural university, nanjing 210095, P. R. china) college of plant protection Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095P.R.China

The fitness of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, on different host plants was studied. The results showed that the cotton aphid population in nanjing formed host preference bio-types on cucumber and cotton. The aphids from cotton and cucumber could not inter-transplant successfully between the two host plants. The apterous and alate offspring of stem mother from hibiscus could not survive, reproduce and form population normally when they were transplanted to cucumber and water melon, but they could form normally when transplanted to cotton and muskmelon. There was no significant difference between the stylet length of cotton aphids from cucumber and cotton, so the stylet length was not the cause of the host preference. When the aphids originated on hibiscus were transplanted to cotton, water melon and muskmelon, the stylet could reach host phloem to absorb host plant’s nutrients, but it couldn’t when transplanted to cucumber. Cotton aphid can feed on muskmelon without secretion of water-soluble saliv

关键词： Aphis gossypii Host transplantation Host biotypes EPG Stylet length