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Structural deformation and fault activity of the Tan-Lu Fault zone in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene

Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第18期55卷 1908-1916页

作者： LI XiShuang1,2,ZHAO YueXia1,2,LIU BaoHua1,2,LIU ChenGuang1,2,PEI YanLiang1,2,HAN GuoZhong1,2 & HUA QingFeng1,2 1Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology,state oceanic administration,qingdao 266061,china 2first institute of oceanography,state oceanic administration,qingdao 266061,china Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology & Environmental Geology State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China first institute of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China

The Tan-Lu Fault zone (TLFZ) is a significant fractural zone in eastern china and also a seismicity belt in North china. Based on total 4000-km-long shallow penetrated single seismic data with high-resolution, structural deformation and fault activity of the TLFZ in the Bohai Sea since the late Pleistocene are discussed in detail. The results show that the TLFZ with a discontinuous distribution and a general NNE-trending consists of 14 active subfaults with an NNE or NE strike in the Bohai Sea. Seismic data reveal that deformation zones along the subfaults in the central Bohai Sea and the Laizhou Bay are wider and more complex than those in the Liaodong Gulf. Related folds and lots of secondary normal faults which are characterized by nearly vertical fault planes and a same or reverse dip construct the fractural zone in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. Usually, micro sym-metrical grabens develop on the top of anticlines. In the Liaodong Gulf, subfault fractural zones usually consist of secondary normal faults with the same inclination or opposite inclination. Ages of seismic sequences and cutting relation between subfaults and seismic sequences suggest that the latest faulting age of the TLFZ is the end of the late Pleistocene in the Liaodong Gulf and the early Holocene in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai Sea. There is a good match between distribution of earthquakes and that of the subfaults in the Laizhou Bay and the central Bohai. Statistical result shows that total vertical offset of the TLFZ since the late Pleistocene ranges from 6 to 11 m. On the basis of offsets of the subfaults, the vertical slip rate is calculated and results show that average vertical slip rates in the central Bohai Sea are larger than those in the Liaodong Gulf and the Laizhou Bay. Slip rates more than 0.06 mm/a during 23-10 ka B.P. and 85-65 ka B.P. are larger than those in other stages. The TLFZ was mainly dominated by tensional normal component since the late Pleistocene

关键词： Tan-Lu 差错地区结构的变丑差错活动迟了的更新世 Bohai 海

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Evolution of desertification in a two-dimensional energy balance model coupled with thermodynamics and dynamics

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 1726-1733页

作者： CHAO JiPing1,2 & LI YaoKun3,4 1National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing 100081, china 2first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061, china 3state Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 4Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, china National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing China first institute of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China state Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The relationship between desert evolution and change in albedo has been investigated quasi-analytically using a zonal mean two-dimensional energy balance model which considers the radiation transmission process due to thermodynamics and bound- ary layer movement caused by kinetics. A climate state including temperature, zonal wind, meridional wind and vertical wind can be simulated according to the current zonal distribution of albedo. Given desert distribution, characterized by the value and distribution of albedo, the response of climate on albedo has been studied to analyze the evolution of desert climate. One significant result is that the simple model can reproduce mean meridional circulation. Another result indicates that climate corresponds to two equilibria. This happens when the junction temperature between vegetation and desert is higher than a certain critical value. As for the first equilibrium, the desert belt is predicted to move southward in the northern hemisphere with the increasing values of albedo, which corresponds to the current trend of climate change. For the second equilibrium, vegetation will expand northward with increasing values of albedo, which would indicate a narrowing of the desert belt. In order to determine if the two equilibria exist, new physical models are needed.

关键词： two-dimensional energy balance model desertification two equilibria

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莱州湾南岸滨海湿地的景观格局变化及累积环境效应

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生态学杂志 2009年第12期28卷 2437-2443页

作者：张绪良张朝晖徐宗军谷东起郑伟青岛大学师范学院地理系山东青岛266071 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所山东青岛266061

在湿地景观类型分类基础上,利用遥感技术及GIS技术提取了1987和2002年莱州湾南岸滨海湿地Landsat5、Landsat7卫星假彩色合成影像的空间属性数据,利用斑块动态度、斑块密度指数、景观多样性指数、斑块破碎化指数研究了湿地景观格局变化... 详细信息

在湿地景观类型分类基础上,利用遥感技术及GIS技术提取了1987和2002年莱州湾南岸滨海湿地Landsat5、Landsat7卫星假彩色合成影像的空间属性数据,利用斑块动态度、斑块密度指数、景观多样性指数、斑块破碎化指数研究了湿地景观格局变化及其累积环境效应。结果表明,15年间莱州湾南岸滨海湿地景观总面积基本不变,但自然湿地总面积减少了49.1%,减少的自然湿地主要转化为养殖池、盐田等人工湿地。湿地景观格局的变化还表现为景观多样性指数下降、斑块破碎化指数升高。湿地景观格局变化引起自然湿地的总净初级生产量下降,环境净化功能、抗御自然灾害功能降低,陆地中生植物、旱生植物外来及有害植物侵入湿地,湿地生态系统服务价值下降等累积环境效应。

关键词：莱州湾南岸滨海湿地景观格局指数累积环境效应

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Spatial and temporal variability of heat content above the thermocline in the tropical Pacific Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第2期22卷 179-190页

作者： Pu Shuzhen, Yu Fei, Hu Xiaomin, Chen Xingrong first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061,china, first institute of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

Heat content of the upper layer above the 20℃ isotherm in the tropical Pacific Ocean isestimated by using the sea temperature data set with a resolution 2°latitude×5°longitude (1980-1993) for the water depths (every 10 m) from 0 m to 400 m, and its temporal and spatial variabilities are analyzed. (1) The temporal variability indicates that the total heat in the upper layer of the equatorial Pacific Ocean is characterized by the interannual variability. The time series of the equatorial heat anomaly 5 months lead that of the El Nino index at the best positive lag correlation between the two, and the former 13 months lag behind the latter at their best negative lag correlation. Therefore the equatorial heat content can be used as a better predictor than the El Nino index for a warm or cold event. In addition, it is also found that less heat anomaly in the equator corresponds to the stronger warm events in the period (1980- 1993) and much more heat was accumulated in the 4 years including 1992/1993 ENSO (1989-1993) than the 4 years including 1982/1983 ENSO (1980-1983); (2) The spatial variability indicates that the area with the highest lag correlation among the grids moves in an anti-clockwise circle in the northern tropical Pacific Ocean within 4 years period and in a clockwise circle in the southern tropical Pacific Ocean. This result provides scientific evidence for the quasi - cycle theory of El Nino events.

关键词： Heat content ENSO tropical Pacific Ocean

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Study on interaction between the coastal water, shelf water and Kuroshio water in the Huanghai Sea and East china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第3期22卷 351-367页

作者： Binghuo Guo, Xiaomin Hu, Xuejun Xiong, Renfeng Ge first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061, china first institute of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The main processes of interaction between the coastal water, shelf water and Kuroshio water in the Huanghai Sea (HS) and East china Sea (ECS) are analyzed based on the observation and study results in recent years. These processes include the intrusion of the Kuroshio water into the shelf area of the ECS, the entrainment of the shelf water into the Kuroshio, the seasonal process in the southern shelf area of the ECS controlled alternatively by the Taiwan Strait water and the Kuroshio water intruding into the shelf area, the interaction between the Kuroshio branch water, shelf mixed water and modified coastal water in the northeastern ECS, the water-exchange between the HS and ECS and the spread of the Changjiang diluted water.

关键词： Huanghai Sea East china Sea coastal water shelf water Kuroshio water interaction

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THE RE-DERIVATION OF THE VORTICITY EQUATION OF THE LAYERED FLOW OF THE SHALLOW SEA

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第3期13卷 10-16页

作者： Zhang Qing-hua, Li Jian ke, Qu Yuan yuan first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061, china Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061, china first Inst. of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The scale analysis of the layered flow problem of the shallow sea shows that the parameter of E V represented the relative thickness of the friction layer is the little value larger than Rossby number. This illustrates that they are not ignorable and the important control factors of the layered flow although friction effect is only limited within interface Ekman layer and bottom Ekman layer. Using larger little parameter E V as the little perturbation parameter is more reasonable than using the classical Rossby number ε. By using the perturbation expansion and doing the researches of the structure of the Ekman layer on the sea surface, sea bottom and interface, a group of new layered flow vorticity equation is derived. It combines the vorticity of the flow of every layer, the inclination of the interface, the inclination of the sea bottom and the wind stress vorticity on the sea surface. Different from the conventional vorticity equation, which derived by using Rossby number as little parameter and is applied to large scale motion, it allows relatively large interfaces fluctuation, even it is applied to the problem that interface touch the bottom or touch the sea surface.

关键词： interface Ekman layer interface fluctuation touch the bottom touch the sea surface

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AN EXTENDED MODELING OF TIDE-WAVE MOTION

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第3期13卷 100-106页

作者： Zhang Qing hua, Xu Hao, Qu Yuan yuan first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061, china Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, state oceanic administration, qingdao 266061, china first Inst. of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

By vertical boundary conditions, a spectral expansion of horizontal tide wave velocity is done in vertical direction in terms of a complete basis functions selected properly, hence a relation between tide levels and spectral components is found theoretically under condition of ignoring the horizontal friction stress and nonlinear effect. And a relation between bottom friction of tide current, which satisfies the viscous condition on sea bottom, and tide levels is determined. The relation is different from the relation of the traditional parameterizing of bottom friction. Moreover integration of the continuity equation and momentum equations is carried out in the vertical direction using zero flux condition on solid boundaries and inputting condition on open boundaries, and then a boundary value problem of elliptic form on the tide levels is constructed.

关键词： tide waves basis function spectral expansion bottom friction

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The influence of the surface heat fluxes of the Kuroshio key-area on meiyu rainfall in the Changjiang River region

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1991年第1期10卷 73-82页

作者： Ding Liangmo first institute of oceanography,state oceanic administration,qingdao,china first institute of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China China

On the basis, of the surface heat fluxes of the Kuroshio key-area (26°-30°N, 125°-30°E)in March andApril, the climatologicai influence of the Kuroshio heat fluxes on meiyu rainfall in the Changjiang River (Yangtse River) region are studied. The results are concluded as follows;the surface heat fluxes of the Kuroshio key-area have certain influence on meiyu rainfall in the Changjiang River region during June and July. The correctness rates for the five stations in the Changjing River region (i. e. Wuhan, Jiujiang, Anqing,Nanjing and Shanghai)are in the range of 9/20-13/20. The surface heat fluxes influence mainly on the homogeneous rainfall pattern,the correctness rates come to 7/10-8/10 for the lower valley of the Changjiang River. The estimation expression of the meiyu rainfall for Shanghai consisting of the surface heat flux and the sea surface temperature anomaly of the Kuroshio key area agrees well with the actual meiyu rainfall condition.

关键词： heat The influence of the surface heat fluxes of the Kuroshio key-area on meiyu rainfall in the Changjiang River region area

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THE VERTICAL THERMAL STRUCTURE OF THE INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE MODE FROM WOCE DATA

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第3期13卷 24-27页

作者： Yu Wei-dong Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, state oceanic administration, first institute of oceanography, qingdao 266061, china first Inst. of oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The Dipole Mode in tropical Indian Ocean (DMI) is a newly verified independent internal mode of atmosphere ocean system in Indian Ocean. Its surface manifestation is illustrated in detail with the aid of the historical data sets. But relatively few is known about its vertical characteristics. Here the vertical thermal structure of DMI is analyzed using the newly released WOCE GLOBAL DATA (V2.0). Attention is focused on the comparison of the abnormal upper ocean thermal structure along one section with the normal state in year 1990 respectively in two cases: in year 1994 when there was IDM but no E1 Nino and in year 1997 when there were DMI and also E1 Nino. This may shed light on the further theoretical and numerical study of IDM.

关键词： DMI thermal structure

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ON ESTIMATION OF WAVE ENERGY IN WAVE POWER GENERATION

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china Ocean Engineering 1987年第2期1卷 101-111页

作者： Wu Bijun(first institute of oceanography, state oceanic administration, qingdao) state oceanic administration Qingdao China State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China

In order to match the capacity of wave power generation equipment with the magnitude of wave force, it is necessary to understand the relatively accurate data of wave parameters. The wave energy needed in a specific sea area should be estimated to ensure the availability and the economical use of such equipment. This paper discusses the estimation method of wave energy. In addition, utilizing the statistical method of wave in other fields of engineering, a series of new graphs and data of wave measurement are deduced and the relation between steepness and wave energy are stated.

关键词： ON ESTIMATION OF WAVE ENERGY IN WAVE POWER GENERATION Wave

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