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Synergy between Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus on Cucurbitaceae Hosts Tested by Real-time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第6期39卷 431-437页

作者： Rong ZENG~(1,2#), Qiansheng LIAO~(2#), Junli FENG~2, Dingjun LI~1, and Jishuang CHEN~(2*) 1 college of Bio-Safety science Technology, Hunan agricultural university, Changsha 410128, china, 2 Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang Sci-Teeh university, Hangzhou 310018, china college of Bio-Safety science Technology Human Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128 China Institute of Bioengineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018 China

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) are two principal viruses infecting cucurbitaceous crops, and their synergy has been repeatedly observed. In our present work, a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction procedure was established to study the accumulation kinetics of these two viruses in single and combined infections at the molecular level. The accumulations of open reading frames (ORFs) for 1a, 2a, 3a and coat protein (CP) of CMV and CP of ZYMV were tested. In the single infection, CMV-Fny ORFs accumulated to their maxima in cucumber or bottle gourd at 14 d post-inoculation (dpi), and gradually declined thereafter. ZYMV-SD CP ORF reached maximal accumulation at 14 and 28 dpi on cucumber and bottle gourd, respectively. However, when coinfected with CMV-Fny and ZYMV-SD, the maximal accumulation levels of all viral ORFs were delayed. CMV-Fny ORFs reached their maxima at 21 dpi on both hosts, and ZYMV-SD CP ORF reached maximal accumulation at 21 and 28 dpi on cucumber and bottle gourd, respectively. Generally, the accumulation levels of CMV-Fny ORFs in the co-infection were higher than those in the single infection, whereas the accumulation of ZYMV-SD CP ORF showed a reverse result.

关键词： cucumber mosaic virus genornic RNA real-time RT-PCR relative quantification synergy zucchini yellow mosaic virus

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Multi-objective dynamic detection of seeds based on machine vision

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第2期17卷 217-221页

作者： XUN Yi, ZHANG Junxiong, LI Wei and CAI Weiguo ( college of Engineering, china agricultural university, Beijing 100083, china college of science, Dalian Fisheries university, Dalian 116023, china) college of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China college of sciences Dalian Fisheries University Dalian 116023 China

An approach to inspecting massive numbers of moving seeds was studied based on the techniques of dynamic inspection and machine vision. A progressive scanning CCD camera with external trigger function was used for real-time capture of dynamic images of seeds. The methods based on R channel of RGB (Red, Green and Blue) and region-dependent segmentation were adopted to reduce the data size of image processing and improve the efficiency of seeds inspection. All the seeds were sorted into four grades according to their morphological characteristics, such as surface area, perimeter, major axis, minor axis, circularity and eccentricity. The detection experiments indicated that the eligible ratio of the classifications was about 81.90% by this real-time inspection system.

关键词： machine vision seed sorting multi-objective morphological parameter.

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Cu(Ⅱ) Potentiation of Alzheimer Aβ1-40 Cytotoxicity and Transition on its Secondary Structure

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第11期38卷 765-772页

作者： Xue-Ling DAI~1 Ya-Xuan SUN~2 Zhao-Feng JIANG~2* 1 college of Life science,Capital Normal university,Beijing 100037,china 2 college of Applied sciences and Humanities,Beijing Union university,Beijing 100083,china college of Life science Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100037 China college of Applied sciences and Humanities Beijing Union UniversityBeijing 100083 China

Mounting evidence has shown that dyshomeostasis of the redox-active biometals such as Cuand Fe can lead to oxidative stress,which plays a key role in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease（AD）.Here we demonstrate that with the formation of Cu（Ⅱ）·Aβ1-40 complexes,copper markedly potentiatesthe neurotoxicity exhibited by β-amyloid peptide （Aβ）.A greater amount of hydrogen peroxide was releasedwhen Cu（Ⅱ）·Aβ1-40 complexes was added to the xanthine oxidase/xanthine system detected by potassiumiodide *** bound to Aβ1-40 was observed by electron paramagnetic resonance（EPR） *** dichroism （CD） studies indicated that copper chelation could cause a structuraltransition of Aβ.The addition of copper to Aβ introduced an increase on β-sheet as well as α-helix,whichmay be responsible for the aggregation of Aβ.We hypothesized that Aβ aggregation induced by copper maybe responsible for local injury in *** interaction between Cu2+and Aβ also provides a possible mechanismfor the enrichment of metal ions in amyloid plaques in the AD brain.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Cu(Ⅱ)·Aβ1-40 complex neuron injury Aβ secondary structure

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Effects of Citral on Aspergillus flavus Spores by Quasi-elastic Light Scattering and Multiplex Microanalysis Techniques

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第4期36卷 277-283页

作者： Man LUO1,2, Li-Ke JIANG2, Yao-Xiong HUANG3, Ming XIAO4, Bo LI4, and Guo-Lin ZOU1* 1college of Life sciences, Wuhan university, Wuhan 430072, china 2college of Life sciences, Anhui agricultural university, Hefei 230036, china 3 Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ji’nan university, Guangzhou 510632, china 4Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity science and Ecological Engineering, the Institute of Biodiversity science, Fudan university, Shanghai 200433, china college of Life sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072 China college of Life sciences Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036 China Institute of Biomedical Engineering Ji'nan UniversityGuangzhou 510632 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity science and Ecological Engineering the Institute of Biodiversity Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433 China

Citral refined from Litsea cubeba oil has been found to have a strong influence on fungi, especially Aspergillus flavus. Multiplex microanalysis and quasi-elastic light scattering techniques were applied to study the effects of citral on Aspergillus flavus spores from the levels of membrane, organelle and intracellular macromolecule. It was found that citral injured the wall and the membrane of A. flavus spore, resulting in decrease of its elasticity. After entering the cell, citral not only influenced the genetic expression of mitochondrion reduplication and its morphology, but also changed the aggregation of protein-like macromolecules. As a result, cells, organelles and macromolecules lost their normal structures and functions, eventually leading to the loss of germination ability of A. flavus spores. Since Litsea cubeba oil as food additive and antifungal agent is safe and less poisonous, it is important to elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms of Litsea cubeba oil on the germination ability of A. flavus spore.

关键词： citral Aspergillus flavus spore multiplex microanalysis techniques quasi-elastic light scattering technique

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The Role of Propeptide in the Refolding of Human Group IB Phospholipase A2

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第9期36卷 583-588页

作者： Hong-Qiang CHENG1 and Gen-Jun XU1,2*Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences, Chinese Academy of sciences, Shanghai 200031, china 2college of Life science, Zhejiang university of sciences, Hangzhou 310033, china Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031 China college of Life science Zhejiang University of SciencesHangzhou 310033 China

Human group IB phospholipase A2 (IB-PLA2) and its zymogen (proIB-PLA2) were purified from E. coli. Refolding was carried out by diluting the denatured forms of both IB-PLA2 and proIB-PLA2 with renaturation buffer in which the disulfide bonds were completely reduced. The refolding yield of proIB-PLA2 was increased by about 50% over that of the mature enzyme. The refolding of IB-PLA2 usually produced aggregates under normal conditions, as determined by light scattering. In addition, the unfolding experiments showed that the mature enzyme was more stable than the proenzyme toward denaturants in the presence of DTT. Results suggested that the N-terminal sequence rather than its conformation of human proIB-PLA2 played an important role in the refolding process.

关键词： human group IB phospholipase A2 (IB-PLA2) refolding first disulfide bond propeptide

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Prediction of human skin permeability using artificial neural network (ANN) modeling

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第4期28卷 591-600页

作者： Long-jian CHEN~2,Guo-ping LIAN~3,Lu-jia HAN~(2,4)~2college of Engineering,china agricultural university,Beijing 100083,china ~3Unilever Corporate Research,Bedford MK44 1LQ,UK college of Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China Unilever Corporate Research Bedford UK

Aim:To develop an artificial neural network （ANN） model for predicting skinpermeability （log Kp） of new chemical ***:A large dataset of 215experimental data points was compiled from the *** dataset was subdi-vided into 5 subsets and 4 of them were used to train and validate an ANN *** same 4 datasets were also used to build a multiple linear regression （MLR）*** remaining dataset was then used to test the 2 *** were employed as inputs into the 2 *** predictions werecompared with the experimental *** addition,the relationship betweenlog Kpand Abraham descriptors were ***:The regression re-sults of the MLR model were n=215,determination coefficient （R2）=0.699,meansquare error （MSE）=0.243,and F=*** ANN model gave improved resultswith n=215,R2=0.832,MSE=0.136,and F= *** ANN model suggests thatthe relationship between log Kpand Abraham descriptors is ***:The study suggests that Abraham descriptors may be used to predict skinpermeability,and the ANN model gives improved prediction of skin permeability.

关键词： ANN model diffusion permeability quantitative structure-activity relationship skin

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Fine mapping quantitative trait loci affecting milk production traits on bovine chromosome 6 in a Chinese Holstein population

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2009年第11期36卷 653-660页

作者： Gui Mei 1,Cengceng Yin 1,Xiangdong Ding,Qin Zhang State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology,Key Laboratory of animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture,college of animal science and Technology,china agricultural university,Beijing 100193,china college of animal science and Technology China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture Beijing 100193

To fine map the previously detected quantitative trait loci （QTLs） affecting milk production traits on bovine chromosome 6 （BTA6）, 15 microsatellite markers situated within an interval of 14.3 cM spanning from BMS690 to BM4528 were selected and 918 daughters of 8 sires were genotyped. Two mapping approaches, haplotype sharing based LD mapping and single marker regression mapping, were used to analyze the data. Both approaches revealed a quantitative trait locus （QTL） with significant effects on milk yield, fat yield and protein yield located in the segment flanked by markers BMS483 and MNB209, which spans a genetic distance of 0.6 cM and a physical distance of 1.5 Mb. In addition, the single marker regression mapping also revealed a QTL affecting fat percentage and protein percentage at marker DIK2291. Our fine mapping work will facilitate the cloning of candidate genes underlying the QTLs for milk production traits.

关键词： fine mapping QTL Bos Taurus autosome 6 milk production traits

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Categories and characteristics of urban villages by GIS-based analysis:A case study of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 150-157页

作者： TONG De1,FENG ChangChun2,LI GuiCai1 & CHEN Peng1,2 1S henzhen Graduate School,Peking university,Shenzhen 518055,china 2college of Urban and Environmental science,Peking university,Beijing 100871,china Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University Shenzhen China college of Urban and Environmental science Peking University Beijing China

Studies on the characteristics of urban villages have attracted much interest in urban ***,how to advance the development of further theoretical analysis and quantitative methodologies,especially in the era that GIS and digital-urban technologies develop rapidly and provide precious resources on spatial issues,has always been a heated debate and *** this paper,a mathematical model based on spatial analysis is introduced to deal with the categorization and characterization of urban villages.A total of 89 urban villages in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone(SEZ)are used in this case *** ArcGIS tools on buffer analysis,distance and density calculation,and socio-economic and spatial attributes conjunction,urban villages’31 spatial variables in 4 aspects—social,economic,locational,and physical—are extracted,and 6 principal factors are concluded by principal components analysis to indicate the spatial characteristic of urban *** on the 6 principal factors,6 types of urban villages,including rapidly sprawling,large,rapidly industrializing periphery,overcrowded,intensively mobile and economically backward,are divided through the Hierarchical Clustering ***,the spatial features and formation mechanisms of each type of urban villages are ***,the advantages and the shortcomings of the methodology for this specific application are also ***,several guidelines on urban village management and renewal are provided based on the result of type *** outcome of the paper depends on the informational and technological support from the development of digital-city management,and is able to in turn provide basis on monitoring and improving urban villages which can further digital urban framework.

关键词： urban villages GIS-based analysis principal component hierarchical cluster the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (SEZ)

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On the Duality Mapping Sets in Orlicz Sequence Spaces

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2001年第4期17卷 595-602页

作者： Bao Xiang WANG Department of Mathematics, hebei university, baoding 071002, P. R. china Department of Mathematics Hebei University Baoding 071002 P. R. China

The criteria for the weak compactness of duality mapping sets J(x)={f∈X~*:〈f,x〉= ‖f‖~2=‖x‖~2}in Orlicz sequence spaces endowed either with the Luxemburg norm or with the Orlicz norm are obtaned.

关键词： Orlicz sequence spaces Duality mapping Weak compactness

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Study on calculation model of road lighting visibility

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 1768-1773页

作者： WENG Ji1, HU YingKui2 & YING Wen1 1college of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing university, Chongqing 400045, china 2college of Civil Engineering, Chongqing university, Chongqing 400045, china college of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing University Chongqing China college of Civil Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing China

Visibility is an evaluation index for road lighting, which comprehensively influences the vision reliability of drivers and is a key factor for road lighting safety and energy saving. This paper introduces the concept of road lighting visibility and its influencing factors. It also explains the small target visibility calculation model for road lighting design, and describes the significance of establishing urban road lighting visibility standards from a point of view of visual function and visual comfort of drivers.

关键词： road lighting visibility calculation model design standard

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