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Use-wear evidence confirms the earliest hafted chipped-stone adzes of Upper Palaeolithic in northern china

chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第3期55卷 268-275页

作者： ZHANG XiaoLing1,2,3, SHEN Chen1,2,4 GAO Xing1,2 CHEN FuYou1,2 & WANG ChunXue1,2,3 1institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 3Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 4The Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto M5S 2C6, Canada institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China Royal Ontario Museum Toronto M5S 2C6 Canada

Chipped-stone "adze-shaped objects" (ASOs) were identified from a few Upper Palaeolithic sites in northern china. Its morpho- logical form resembles to ground-stone type-specific adze, but the function of the ASO has never been assessed. The objective of this study is to investigate the use function of this particular tool type recovered from the Hutouliang site in the Nihewan Basin of northern china. In this study, the lithic use-wear analysis is applied to examining microscopically edge-damages and sur- face-rounding of the tools in order to assess how they were employed. The result suggests that the ASO might have been used as woodworking tools with a hafted shaft, providing evidence for the appearance of the earliest hafted chipped-stone adzes prior to 10000 years ago in northern china. This study also demonstrates that the use-wear technique is an innovated and effective analytic appraoch to the study of stone tool functions that has been conventionally treated by typo-technological analyses. Stone tool use-patterns revealed by use-wear evidence would shed new insights on prehistoric adaptive strategies of modern human in northern china.

关键词：旧石器时代晚期中国北方磨损证据石材加工工具木工工具中国网站技术分析

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Discovery of a pterodactylid pterosaur from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning,china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第13期46卷 1112-1117页

作者： WANG Xiaolin & LU Junchang1. institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2. College of Earth sciences and Resources, china University of Geo-sciences, beijing 100083, china 3. Department of Geological sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA institute of vertebrate paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

A well-preserved pterosaur with nearly complete skull is described from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation at Sihetun in western Liaoning. It is characterized by a low and long crestless skull, slender and pointed teeth, long metacarpal, nearly equal length of metatarsals I -III and short pedal digit V. It is referred to a new genus and species of the family Pterodactylidae: Haopterus gracilis gen. et sp. nov. This is the first pterosaur with a nearly complete skull from the Jehol Biota; it also represents the first non-controversial fossil record of Pterodactylidae in Asia. Haopterus is more derived than Pterodactylus from the Late Jurassic Solnhofen in Germany. This discovery extends the distribution of the family Pterodactylidae from Europe and Africa to Asia and its latest occurrence from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. The discovery of Haopterus gracilis provides further evidence for the study of the originand radiation of the Jehol Biota; it also sheds new light on the evolution and

关键词： western Liaoning Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation Pterodactylidae.

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Statistical analyses of metric data of hominoid teeth found in Yuanmou of china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第10期45卷 936-942页

作者： LIU Wu, ZHENG Liang & JIANG Chu1. institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2. institute of Archaeology of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118, china 3. Yuanmou Man Museum, Yuanmou 651300, china institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Archaeology of Yunnan Province Kunming China Yuanmou Man Museum Yuanmou China

Mesial-distal and buccal-lingual dimensions of 1 266 hominoid teeth found in Yuanmou of Yunnan Province during the period of 1986 and 1988 have been measured. The statistical analyses of the metric data show that the tooth sizes of Yuanmou hominoid can be divided into big and small two types, and most tooth dimensions display obvious bimodalities in both histograms and 2 dimensional plots. The coefficients of variance (CV) reveal that the CVs of Yuanmou hominoid tooth sizes are within or close to the CV ranges of Lufengpithecus and extant great apes. The comparisons of tooth sizes and their proportions indicate that Yuanmou hominoids have close affinities with Lefeng and Kaiyuan hominoids, and have obvious differences with Gorilla, Chimpanzee and Orangutan. The authors believe that the hominoid fossils found in Yuanmou in the past 10 years represent a single species with highly sexual dimorphism in morphology and this species may have a close evolutionary relationship with the hominoids found in

关键词： human origin Yuanmou hominoid dental metrics statistical analyses.

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evolution OF CENOZOIC MAMMALIAN FAUNAL REGIONS OF china

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1996年第3期 221-227页

作者： Tong Yongsheng Zheng Shaohua Qiu Zhuding(institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleconthropology, chinese academy of sciences beijing 100044)

Since the Cenozoic, changes of mammals in taxonomic composition and distribution have taken place in china, mainly due to collision of plates, changes of topography and climate. The paper discusses some problems of ecology and biogeography involving the Chnese Cenozoic mammals, after the recognition of the 18 manunal ages based on nature and magnitude of the faunal changes (Tong et al.,1995).

关键词： china Cenozoic Mammals Faunal Region

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Cut marks and terminal Pleistocene hominids in the Ma'anshan site:Evidence for meat-eating

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chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第19期54卷 3872-3879页

作者： ZHANG Yue1,2,3, WANG ChunXue1,2, ZHANG ShuangQuan1,2 & GAO Xing1,2? 1 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2 Joint laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 3 State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, china institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Joint laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008 China

In this paper, cut marks on the long bones of class Ⅱ sized animals in the Ma'anshann site are studied. Based on the location and frequencies of the long bone cut marks, the distribution characteristics are analyzed as follows: (1) cut mark frequencies in the lower layer (LL) are much higher than those of the upper; (2) in the LL cut mark frequency of the upper limbs is the highest, and that of the middle and lower limbs is lower and the lowest; (3) In the upper layer (UL) the cut mark frequency, does not spread as orderly as in the LL. The data are compared to those of the experiment and it is demonstrated that values of the LL all fall into the experimental 95% confidence intervals, and the cut mark frequencies of the upper, middle and lower limbs coincide with those of the experiment; while the values of the UL are much lower, of which, those of the humerus, femur and radius are out of the intervals, and the frequencies of the upper, middle and lower limbs are far more different from those of the experiment. It implies that the earlier hominids (of the LL) defleshed the limbs of the class Ⅱ sized animals with stone tools more completely than the later hominids. With the evidence of burning marks, it is suggested that the difference on the roasting behaviors derived the cut mark difference of the Ma'anshan UL and LL.

关键词：原始人类马鞍山证据网站痕迹切口更新世肉类

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First discovery of fossil Diplothrix (Muridae, Rodentia) outside the Ryukyu Islands, Japan

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chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第4期55卷 411-417页

作者： WANG Yuan1,2, JIN ChangZhu1 & WEI GuangBiao3,41 Key laboratory of evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates, institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3 Chongqing Three Gorges institute of paleoanthropology, china Three Gorges Museum, Chongqing 400015, china 4 Chongqing Three Gorges Culture and Social Development Research institute, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 400047, china Key laboratory of evolutionary Systematics of vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China Chongqing Three Gorges institute of paleoanthropology China Three Gorges Museum Chongqing 400015 China Chongqing Three Gorges Culture and Social Development Research institute Chongqing Normal University Chongqing 400047 China

The first Diplothrix (Muridae, Rodentia) fossils of the early Early Pleistocene are described as D. yangziensis sp. nov., which were collected from the Renzidong Cave deposits in Anhui Province, Eastern china. Diplothrix was previously represented by a single species, D. legata, whose geographical distribution during the Late Pleistocene is restricted to the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. With straight chevrons on M1, distinct t3 and t9 on upper molars, primitive M3, mlc on m1, and developed a-lab on m2 and m3, the new species is morphologically distinct from other large murids in East Asia, and should belong to the genus Diplothrix. There are also differences in molar morphology between the new species and D. legata, the type species of Diplothrix, as well as other known fossils. For example, D. yangziensis sp. nov. has a smaller size, a more elongated crown, developed precingulum and pc on M1, more primitive M3, weaker mlc and more primitive pc on m1, and stronger plc and pc on m3. In short, Diplothrix yangziensis sp. nov. is evidently more primitive than D. legata, suggesting that the former is likely the ancestor of the latter. Diplothrix yangziensis sp. nov. is the first discovery of the genus outside the Ryukyu Islands, Japan and is also the earliest and most primitive species of the genus in Eurasia. Its discovery has significant implications for reconstructing the evolution and dispersal pattern of Diplothrix, as well as for discussing its palaeoecological variation.

关键词：琉球群岛化石日本鼠科形态差异供应量早更新世中国东部

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Archaeological study of ostrich eggshell beads collected from SDG site

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chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第19期54卷 3887-3895页

作者： WANG ChunXue1,2,3, ZHANG Yue1,3,4, GAO Xing1,3, ZHANG XiaoLing1,2,3 & WANG HuiMin1,5 1 institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2 Graduate School, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3 Joint laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 4 State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing 210008, china 5 Ningxia Provincial institute of Archaeology, Yinchuan 750001, china institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Joint laboratory of human evolution and Archaeometry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China State Key laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing 210008 China Ningxia Provincial institute of Archaeology Yinchuan 750001 China

Ostrich eggshell beads and fragments collected from SDG site reflect primordial art and a kind of symbolic behavior of modern humans. Based on stratigraphic data and OSL dating, these ostrich eggshell beads are probab... 详细信息

关键词：蛋壳鸵鸟收集网站考古现代人类原始艺术旧石器时代

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Early agricultural development and environmental effects in the Neolithic Longdong basin(eastern Gansu)

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第8期56卷 762-771页

作者： ZHOU XinYing LI XiaoQiang ZHAO KeLiang DODSON John SUN Nan YANG Qing State Key laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710075 China laboratory of human evolution and Archeological Science Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beifing 100049 China institute for Environmental Research the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization Sydney NSW 1001 Australia

Neolithic agricultural development and environmental effects in the Longdong area were reconstructed using a synthetic approach,investigating pollen,charcoal,and seed remains for two cultural layer sections and five flotation *** show that Neolithic agriculture in the Longdong area had a simple organization and was dominated by the production of common millet,especially in the early and middle Yangshao *** the late Yangshao age,Neolithic agriculture developed into a more complex structure,dominated by both common and foxtail millet and the cultivation of rice and *** production of foxtail millet gradually increased through the Neolithic period,reaching its highest point during the Qijia *** were first cultivated during the late Yangshao culture,approximately 5000 cal a *** production began no later than 4800 cal a BP,and continued to exist in the Qijia culture,approximately 4000 cal a *** production in Neolithic Longdong,specifically in the "Yuan" area of the loess plateau,developed as a shrub and grass dominated *** in the river valleys was partly covered with Picea,Tusga,and Quercus coniferous and broadleaf mixed *** activity during the Neolithic period caused an increase in farmland on the loess tableland and a decrease in the abundance of shrub and grassland in the Longdong *** farmlands were abandoned,vegetation recovered with Hippophae-,Rosaceae-,Ephedra-,and Leguminosae-dominated shrublands and Artemisia-dominated grasslands.

关键词：新石器时代农业发展陇东地区环境影响甘肃东部早期新石器时期盆地

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An environmental database and temporal and spatial distribution of chinese paleoanthropologieal sites

An environmental database and temporal and spatial distribut...

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中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第11届（2011年度）学术年会

作者： WU ChunLin~(1,2),ZHANG Yan~1,LI Qin~1,GUO ZhengTang~(1*) & GAO Xing~3 1 Key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,institute of Geology and Geophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 3 laboratory of human evolution,institute of vertebrate paleontology and paleoanthropology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100044, china

A comprehensive database of paleoenvironmental settings for paleoanthropological sites provides a useful tool to explore the link between human evolution and paleoenvironmental changes.A preliminary GIS-based environmental database for paleoanthropological sites in china(EDPC) was constructed based on data collected from published *** database currently contains 1114 paleoanthropological *** will be available for online access following the establishment of relevant rules,and after improvement and further development through regular and sustained updates by internal and external *** analyses using the GIS system yielded new evidence regarding human-environmental relationships.

关键词： paleoanthropological sites paleoenvironments database quaternary

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Quaternary herbivore fauna in northeastern china: evolution under climatic change

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S1期44卷 129-132页

作者： DONG Wei XU Qinqi JIN Changzhu LIU Jinyi institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleothropology, chinese academy of sciences. beijing 100044

Large herbivorous mammals from 10 representative Quaternary localities in northeasternchina were studied. The evolution of these animals confirms Pei’s law and Bergmann’s rule. Of thethree global cold periods in the Quaternary, the first and second are not well recorded in the *** temperate period between these is well recorded. Records show that there was a sub-coldperiod (around 280 000 yr) during this temperate period. It remains to be confirmed whether thissub-cold period was limited to northeastern china. The third cold period is well recorded in theregion. The fauna in this third period were composed mostly of temperate forms, as well as typicalcold and pro-cold forms.

关键词： Northeastern china Quaternary Herbivore Paleoclimate

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