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Validation of three infiltration models on purple soil under simulated rainfall

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1059-1066页

作者： Wang Yukuan1,2,Fu Bin1,3,Xu Pei1,2,Wang Daojie1,2,Wang Xiantuo1,3 and Wang Yongqiang1,3(1.Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface process and Hazards,chinese academy of Seiences,Chengdu 610041,china 2.institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,chinese academy of sciences,Chengdu 610041,china 3.Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china) Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface process and Hazards Chinese Academy of Seiences Chengdu 610041 China institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment， chinese academy of sciences， Chengdu 610041 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

So as to find models suitable for the prediction of water infiltration in purple soil,infiltration rates simulated by three popular empirical infiltration models,Horton model,Kostiakov model,and the modified Kostiakov model,were compared by using those observed results on slope in purple soil under rainfall simulation.28 sets of infiltration data were divided into two parts for parameter estimation and validation *** performance of the three infiltration models was evaluated with the Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency *** results show that the percent for Nash and Sutcliffe efficiency greater than 0.7 is about 69.7% for the Horton model,and 48.48%,and 54.55% for the Kostiakov model and the modified Kostiakov model,*** model is better than Kostiakov model and the modified Kostiakov model in most rain events in the ***,Kostiakov model is still suitable for reasonable prediction of the infiltration in purple soil sloping farmland because fewer parameters are ***,rainfall intensity has significant effects on the parameter values used in the simulation *** simulation results can be improved by choosing suitable parameters according to the rainfall intensity.

关键词： infiltration model sloping farmland purple soil rainfall simulation

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The Self-assembling and Application of Inorganic Anti-bacterial Material Made of Natural Nanoporous Carrier

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2008年第6期23卷 771-774页

作者：孙春宝 School of Civil and Environmental engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The inorganic antimicrobial material was inhibited to the microbes with the added metal ion,*** primary wet product carrying 5%-10% zinc ion was generated under the following conditions：temperature was 95 ℃,solution zinc concentration was 1.2-2.0 mol/L,and the ratio of Zn solution to zeolite weight was 5：*** final stable product was manufactured after baking in an oven for 1-3 h at the temperature of 500-900 ℃.The baked material was tested for its disinfection effectiveness and coloring effect when mixed with paint *** on the final batch of tests,the zinc content of this anti-microbial product was further optimized.

关键词： inorganic antimicrobial nanoporous material antibacterial coating zeolite self-assembling

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Input function and simulated distributions of tritium in the North Pacific

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第3期53卷 441-453页

作者： BA Qi1,2 & XU YongFu1 1 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

An ocean general circulation model (OGCM) of the North Pacific with a southern open boundary condition is used to simulate the distribution and transport of tritium in the North Pacific. First, the observed tritium in precipitation dataset of GNIP/ISOHIS is chosen, and used to develop an input function of tritium for the model domain from 1951 to 1997 in terms of the triangulation for interpolation. Then, the input function is used as an upper flux for the tritium model. The OGCM with tritium is integrated for 47 years with the initial condition of zero tritium concentrations. Compared with the observations from GEOSECS and WOCE, the model generates a meridional gradient of surface tritium concentrations and the high tritium concentrations in the subsurface layer, which is consistent with that indicated in the observations. The simulated time series of total tritium fluxes from the atmosphere to the ocean shows a spike in 1963. The total inventory of tritium in the ocean changes slowly with time after 1975. Tritium enters the higher-latitude region, and then is mainly transported by the subsurface process towards the equatorial region, which is well simulated in the model. However, the difference mainly occurs at 30°N–40°N, which can be seen also in the simulation of CFCs. This difference may partly originate from the insufficient description of physical processes in the OGCM. Nevertheless, some uncertainties exist in the development of the tritium input function, which can also influence the simulated results.

关键词： North Pacific basin-wide ocean general circulation model tritium input function tritium distributions

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PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS OF GALERKIN-LIKE METHODS FOR THE FREDHOLM EQUATION OF THE SECOND KIND

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 1998年第5期16卷 445-456页

作者： Tian-zi Jiang (School of Mathematics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Austmlia National Laborutory of Pattern Recognition, institute of Automation,chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china) Univ New S Wales Sch Math Sydney NSW 2052 Australia chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Natl Lab Pattern Recognit Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

This paper deals with the approximate solution of the Fredholm equation u TKu = f of the second kind from a probabilistic point of view. With Wiener typemeasures on the set of kernels and free terms we determine statistical features of the approximation process, i.e., the most likely rate of convergence and the dominating individual behavior. The analysis carried out for a kind of Galerkin-like method.

关键词： Probabilistic analysis fredholm equation galerkin-like method abstract wiener space

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Observation of the Turbulent Burst near ASheared Air-Water Interface

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Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 1999年第2期4卷 94-99页

作者： Shuangfeng WANG Fu JIA Zhennan NIU Zhangzhi WU(institute of Mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china)(State Key Laboratory for Turbulence Research, Peking University, beijing 100871,china) institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The turbulent burst under a sheared air-water interface was experimentally investigated using hydrogen bubble visualization technique. The surface shear wasimposed by an airflow over the water flow which was kept free from surface waves. Resultsshow that the wind shear has the main influence on the bursting events. At relativelyhigh shear rates, the flow near the interface is dominated primarily by intermittent bursting events. The general features of bursting processes are described in some detail. Theobserved bursting events show qualitative similarities with those occurring in near-wallturbulence. However, a few distinctive phenomena were also observed, including the existence of vertical vortices and thickening process of the boundary layer, which appear tobe associated with the Characteristics of air-water interface.

关键词： air-water interface turbulent burst flow-visualization

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Ecological hydraulic radius model to calculate instream flow requirements for transporting sediment in the western water transfer region

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3401-3405页

作者： MEN BaoHui1 & LIU ChangMing2 1 Renewable Energy institute, North china Electric Power University, beijing 102206, china 2 Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface process, institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 1. Renewable Energy institute North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China 2. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface process Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Transporting sediment is a natural function of the river. To maintain the normal evolution of the river certain amount of water flow is required, which is called the instream flow requirements for transporting sediment (IFRTS). We defined the permitting flow velocity by the conception of IFRTS, and also put forward the ecological hydraulic radius model (EHRM) to estimate IFRTS. The calculating process of EHRM is explained by the example of Daofu Hydrological Station on Xianshui branch of Yalong River in the west line first-stage construction of South-North Water Transfer Project. The result shows that the IFRTS occupied 29.7%―59.5% of annual mean discharge in flood season, the average of IFRTS was about 100.2 m3/s during 1966―1987, it is close to the IFRTS 90 m3/s calculated by IFRTS conception. Hence, it is feasible to use EHRM to calculate IFRTS.

关键词： ecological hydraulic radius model (EHRM) instream flow requirements for transporting sediment (IFRTS) permitting flow velocity ecological hydraulic radius for transporting sediment

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Interface delamination of the thermal barrier coating subjected to local heating

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第12期53卷 3168-3174页

作者： WU ChenWu, HUANG ChenGuang & CHEN GuangNan institute of Mechanics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100190, china 1. institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

To investigate the possible failure modes of the thermal barrier coating (TBC) used to protect the scramjet combustion chamber, the local heating via laser beam irradiation was utilized to simulate the service condition of high thermal flux and high temperature gradient. Firstly, the experimental method and process were described and the typical fracture morphology of the TBC under test were provided. Then, the theoretical and finite element modeling were carried out to study the temperature, deformation and stresses of the specimen when the top ceramic coat was subjected to local heating, and to demonstrate the mechanism on the failure of the TBC. It is revealed that the interface delamination shall appear and ultimately lead to the failure of the TBC under such thermal loading of local quick heating. According to the outcome of this study, the driving force of the interface delamination is influenced greatly by the key structural parameters and performance matching. Moreover, by utilizing the rules of the effects of these parameters on the fracture driving force, there is some possibility for the designer to optimize the performances of the TBC.

关键词： TBC local heating interface delamination FE modeling

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Cloning and roles of goldfish maternal factor β-Catenin cDNA in embryonic development

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chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第7期49卷 683-688页

作者： ZHANG Jingpu1,2,WANG Weixian1 & ZHU Shaoxia1 1.institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100080,china 2.The Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100039,china Correspondence should be addressed to Zhang Jingpu institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China The Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Interaction between nucleus and cytoplasm has been focused in the field of animal embryonic development, in which study of maternal factors is required positively. b-Catenin, an important maternal factor in early embryo-genesis, has been analyzed in its expression pattern and func-tions in this paper. We have cloned goldfish b-Catenin cDNA gene and compared it with zebrafish b-Catenin cDNA. High homology was found in cDNA and in amino acid sequences between them, 93% (2227/2384 bp) and 98.5% (768/780 aa) respectively. The expression pattern of b-Catenin by in situ hybridization and the roles of b-Catenin on embryonic de-velopment by co-injection of anti-sense RNA and reporter gene, EGFP have been investigated in the whole process of goldfish embryonic development. The results suggest that b-Catenin presents dynamic distribution, mainly locates at body axis, dorsal tissues, head and tail structures after being fertilized. The loss of b-Catenin activity would cause serious destruction of embryo in dorsal tissues and in anteroposte-rior axes, and leads embryos to die before larva get hatched.

关键词：胚胎发育母体因子金鱼基因克隆氨基酸序列 cDNA 细胞质细胞核

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Dislocations in the Crystallites of Nanocrystalline α-Fe—A Molecular Dynamics Study

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1996年第6期12卷 476-478页

作者： Zhiying CHEN and Jiaqans DING (Lab. on Non-linear Mechanics of Continuous Media, institute of Mechanics, chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100080, china)(To whom correspondence should be addressed) Lab. on Non-linear Mechanics of Continuous Media Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out in order to Study the atomic structure of crystalline component of nanocrystalline α-Fe when it is consolidated from small grains. A two-dimensional computational block is used to simulate the consolidation process. All the preset dislocations in the original grains glide out of them in the consolidation process, but new dislocations can generate when the grain size is large enough. It shows that dislocations exist in the consolidated material rather than in the original grains. Whether dislocations exist in the crystalline component of the resultant model nano-material depends upon grain size. The critical value of grain size for dislocation generation appears to be about 9 nm. This result agrees with experiments qualitatively.

关键词： Fe A Molecular Dynamics Study Dislocations in the Crystallites of Nanocrystalline

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“Tali Glaciation” on Massif Diancang

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1685-1692页

作者： YANG JianQiang1, CUI ZhiJiu2, YI ChaoLu1, SUN JiMin3 & YANG LiRong3 1 institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china 2 College of Environmental sciences, Peking University, beijing 100871, china 3 institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 1. institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. College of Environmental sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China 3. institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The term of ''Tali Glaciation'' is nominated from Massif Diancang in Yunnan Province. The confusing process of the term''s being put forward is confirmed through literature checking. Based on several times of field trip, the glacial landforms in this region are studied in detail, and the magnitude of the glaciation was determined. According to the numerical ages from TL, AIMS ^(14)C and OSL dating, the earliest glacial advance on Massif Diancang occurred at 30—40 ka BP, followed by the advances at the last stage of the last glaciation, the late glacial and neoglations in turn, until glaciers vanished at 1.2—1.5 ca. a BP in this region. It can be concluded that glaciers were limited above 3600 m a.s.l., and no glaciers existed on the lower part and adjacent mountains since the last glaciation.

关键词： Massif Diancang,Tali Glaciation,glacial landform,glaciation sequence,numerical dating

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