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Expression pattern and core region analysis of AtMPK3 promoter in response to environmental stresses

science China(Life sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 1315-1321页

作者： GAO Fei1,2. SU Qi1, FAN YunLiu1& WANG Lei1 1Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and Genetic Improvement, Chinese Academy of Agricultural science, Beijing 100081, China 2.2. of Life and environmental sciences, Minzu university of China, Beijing 100081, China 1. Biotechnology Research Institute/National Key Facility for Crop Gene resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Beijing 100081 China2. College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of China Beijing 100081 China

The protein kinase AtMPK3,a component of the MAP kinase cascade,plays an important role in stress signal transduction in plant cells. To clarify how AtMPK3 is regulated at the transcriptional level in response to various environmental factors, the 1016-bp promoter sequence upstream of the transcription start site of the AtMPK3 gene was isolated. Analyses of the promoter sequence using plant promoter databases revealed that the AtMPK3 promoter contains many potential cis-acting elements involved in environmental stress responses. We constructed four deletion mutants of the AtMPK3 promoter, and introduced the intact and truncated promoter sequences fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene into Arabidopsis. GUS histochemical staining and quantitative fluorometric GUS assays were performed to visualize and compare the expression patterns in response to different environmental stimuli. The region between-188 and-62.upstream of the transcription start site was identified as the essential DNA sequence of the AtMPK3 promoter for responses to drought, high salinity, low temperature, and wounding. These results advance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling AtMPK3 expression in response to different environmental stimuli.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana AtMPK3 promoter stress

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Combined Effect of Nutrient and Pest Management on Soil Ecological Quality in Hybrid Rice Double-Cropping System

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Pedosphere 2003年第2期13卷 129-138页

作者： A.SUBHANI Natural resources science Department College of Environmental and Resources Sciences Zhejiang Univer-sity

The mineral fertilizers (NPK) and pesticide, including herbicides, insecticides and fungicides, were applied alone or in combination and the soil sampling was done at different growth stages during the crop cycle to study the changes in soil organic matter, microbial biomass and their activity parameters in a paddy soil with different nutrient and pest management practices in a hybrid rice double-cropping system. A consistent increase in the electron transport system (ETS) activity was measured during the different crop growth stages of rice. The use of fertilizers (NPK) alone or with pesticides increased ETS activity, while a decline of ETS activity was noticed with pesticides alone as compared with the control. Nearly an increasing trend in soil phenol content was observed with the progression of crop growth stages, while the usage of pesticides alone caused maximum increments in the soil phenol content. The soil protein content was found nearly stable with fertilizers and/or pesticides application at various growth stages in both crops taken. But notable changes were noticed at different growth stages probably because of fluctuations in moisture and temperature at particular stages, which might have their effects on N mineralization. Marked depletions in the phospholipid content were found with the advancement of crop growth stages, while the incorporation of fertilizers and/or pesticides also produced slight changes, in which a higher decline was noticed with pesticide application alone compared with the control.

关键词： electron transport system (ETS) hybrid rice phenol phospholipid protein

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Soil Fertility Indices of Citrus Orchard Land Along Topographic Gradients in the Three Gorges Area of China

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Pedosphere 2011年第6期21卷 782-792页

作者： WU Dian-Ming YU Yuan-Chun XIA Li-Zhong YIN Shi-Xue YANG Lin-Zhang college of Forest resources and Environment Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 （China） State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） college of environmental {2. and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 22500g （China）

In the Three Gorges Area of China, soil erosion and the resultant non-point source pollution and ecological degradation have endangered agricultural ecosystems and fresh water reservoirs. Although efforts have been undertaken to reduce soil and water losses from slope land used for citrus production, information on the effects of management practices on soil fertility indices is either limited or nonexistent. This study was conducted to compare the effects of 10 years of various management practices, citrus intercropped with white clover (WC), citrus mulched with straw (SM), citrus intercropped with contour hedgerows (CH), citrus orchard land with impermeable membrane (IM), and citrus intercropped with wheat (Triticum aestivum) and peanut (Arachris hypogaea) (WP), as treatments on soil fertility indices with that of the conventional citrus management (CM). Results showed that the soil organic carbon, total and available nitrogen, available potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.2. mm) contents at the 0–5 cm depth were higher for the WC and SM treatments than the CM treatment. There was also spatial variation in soil fertility along slopes of the WC and SM treatments. The soil total and available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.2. mm) contents at both the 0–5 and 5–2. cm depths were higher for the CH and IM treatments than the CM treatment. The average soil available nitrogen and available potassium contents were higher for the WP treatment than the CM treatment, but the WP treatment had little effect on the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and water-stable aggregate (> 0.2. mm) contents. These suggested that white clover intercropping and straw mulching were the most effective approaches to improve soil fertility in citrus orchard land of the Three Gorges area.

关键词： intercropping slope land soil nutrients soil water-stable aggregates straw mulching

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Heat treatment of novel low-carbon multi-alloyed anti-wear marine steel

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2011年第3期21卷 254-261页

作者： Jing-hua JIANG~(1,2.,Qiu-yue WANG~1,Ai-bin MA~(1,2.,Jun SHI~1,Liu-yan ZHANG~1, Hui-dong YANG~(2.3),Fu-min LU~2.Qi ZHOU~2.1.National Engineering Research Center of Water resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety, Hohai university,Nanjing 2.0098,China {2. of Mechanics and Materials,Hohai university,Nanjing 2.0098,China 3.Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering,North Carolina State university, Raleigh,North Carolina 2.695-7919,USA [a] National Engineering Research Center of Water resources Efficient Utilization and Engineering Safety Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China [b] college of Mechanics and Materials Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China [c] Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-7919 USA

A low-carbon anti-wear steel,multi-alloyed with Si-Cr-Mn-Al-Ni-Mo-（Nb,RE）,was designed for vane pumps of ships. The novel cast steel after various heat treatments was characterized by microstructure observations and mechanical properties measurement in order to achieve an optimal process correlated with good abrasive resistance for a long marine *** scanning calorimetry and hardness analyses deduced a complete austenitizing temperature of 1 000℃,based on the alloying element homogenization and defective structure elimination without grain *** optimal austempering process（austenitized at 1 000℃,quick cooled for holding at 350℃for 1.5 h and then air-cooled to room temperature） produced a uniform mixture structure of fine carbide-free aciculate bainites and few lath martensites,resulting in the tensile strength increase of 34%and impact toughness increase of 50%compared with that of the as-cast *** abrasive wheel tests show that the austempered steel has good wear resistance with a mass-loss rate of 170 mg/（km·cm2. under applied load of 70 N in acidic *** new grade steel （containing anti-corrosion elements of Cr and rare earth） can find wide application in marine engineering,with further enhanced comprehensive properties via melting process improvement.

关键词： abrasive resistance carbide-free bainite marine steel mechanical performance heat treatment

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Response of cucumber plants to increased UV-B radiation under water stress

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Journal of environmental sciences 2000年第2期12卷 111-115页

作者： YANG Zhi\|min\+1, ZHENG Shao\|jian\+2. HU Ai\|tong\+1, ZHENG You\|fei\+3, YAN Jing\|yi\+3 (1. college of science, Nanjing Agricultural {2., Nanjing 2.0095, China 2. college of Natural resources and environmental sciences, Nanjing Agricultural

Three days old cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) was grown in a factorial design under two levels of water condition (well watered and drought) and two supplemental levels of ultraviolet\|B(2.0—32. nm) irradiance(0, 0\^2., 0\^42.W/m\+2. for 30 days. Plants were grown in a greenhouse under visible light with 400 μmol/(m\+2.s), day\|night temperature 32.2.℃ and relative humidity 70±10%. The combination of UV\|B radiation and water stress resulted in the decrease in plant height, leaf area ratio and relative growth rate, and increase in specific leaf mass and net assimilation rate. There was almost no effect of ultraviolet\|B radiation on the contents of chlorophyll a and b under water stress. However, interactive effects of ultraviolet\|B radiation and water conditions on the content of anthocyanin were much great. UV\|B irradiance with water stress also caused a reduction in net photosynthesis, apparent quantum efficiency, gas exchange and stomatal resistance, and an increase in evaporation.

关键词： cucumber UV\|B water stress interaction. CLC number: S181 Document code: A

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Run off-on-out method and models for soil infiltrability on hill-slope under rainfall conditions

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science China Earth sciences 2006年第2期49卷 193-201页

作者： LEI Tingwu1,2. LIU Han1, PAN Yinghua3, ZHAO Jun2. ZHAO Shiwei2.& YANG Yonghui2.1. The Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, college of Hydraulic and Civil Engineer-ing, China Agricultural university, Beijing 100083, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712.00, China 3. Geographic and {2. Management college, Yantai Normal university, Yantai 2.402., China 1. The Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Yangling 712100 China 3. Geographic and resources Management college Yantai Normal University Yantai 264025 China

The soil infiltrability of hill-slope is important to such studies andpractices as hydrological process, crop water supply, irrigation practices, and soil erosion. A newmethod for measuring soil infiltrability on hill-slope under rainfall condition with run off-on-outwas advanced. Based on water (mass) balance, the mathematic models for soil infiltrability estimatedfrom the advances of runoff on soil surface and the water running out of the slope were *** of 2.cases were conducted. Case Ⅰ was done under a rainfall intensity of 2. mm/h, at aslope gradient of about 0° with a runoff/on length (area) ratio of 1 : 1. Case Ⅱ was under arainfall intensity of 60 mm/h and a slope of 2.° with a runoff/on length (area) ratio of 1 : *** ring method was also used to measure the infiltrability for comparison purposes. Theexperiments were done with soil moisture of 10%. Required data were collected from laboratoryexperiments. The infiltrability curves were computed from the experimental data. The resultsindicate that the method can well conceptually represent the transient infiltrability process, withcapability to simulate the very high initial soil infiltrability. The rationalities of the methodand the models were validated. The errors of the method for the two cases were 1.82./1.39% and4.49%/3.52.% (Experimental/Model) respectively, as estimated by comparing the rainfall amount withthe infiltrated volume, to demonstrate the accuracy of the method. The transient and steadyinfiltrability measured with double ring was much lower than those with this new method, due towater supply limit and soil aggregates breaking down at initial infiltration stage. The method canovercome the short backs of the traditional sprinkler method and double ring method for soilinfil-traility. It can be used to measure the infiltrability of sloped surface underrainfall-runoff-erosion conditions, in the related studies.

关键词： Infiltrability, runoff-on-out, rainfall, sloped surface, model.

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Element geochemistry and cleaning potential of the No. 11 coal seam from Antaibao mining district

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science China Earth sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2142-2154页

作者： WANG Wenfeng1, QIN Yong1, SONG Dangyu2. SANG Shuxun1, JIANG Bo1, ZHU Yanming1 & FU Xuehai1 1. college of resources & Geo{2.s, China university of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 2.1008, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong university of {2. and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 1. college of resources & Geo{2.s China University of Mining and Technology 221008 Xuzhou China 2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and Technology 430074 Wuhan China

Based on the analyses of sulfur and 41 other elements in 8 channel samples of the No. 11 coal seam from Antaibao surface mine, Shanxi, China and 4 samples from the coal preparation plant of this mine, the distribution of the elements in the seam profile, their geo-chemical partitioning behavior during the coal cleaning and the genetic relationships between the both are studied. The conclusions are drawn as follows. The coal-forming environment was probably invaded by sea water during the post-stage of peatification, which results in the fact that the contents of As, Fe, S, etc. associated closely with sea water tend to increase toward the top of the seam, and that the kaolinite changes into illite and montmorillonite in the coal-sublayer near the roof. These elements studied are dominantly associated with kaolinite, pyrite, illite, montmorillonite, etc., of which the As, Pb, Mn, Cs, Co, Ni, etc. are mainly associated with sulfides, the Mo, V, Nb, Hf, REEs, Ta etc. mainly with kaolintie, the Mg, Al etc. mainly with epigenetic montmorillonite, and the Rb, Cr, Ba, Cu, K, Hg, etc. mainly with epigenetic illite. The physical coal cleaning is not only effective in the removal of ash and sulfur, but also in reducing the concentra-tion of most major and trace elements. The elements Be, U, Sb, W, Br, Se, P, etc. are largely or partly organically bound showing a relatively low removability, while the removability of the other elements studied is more than 2.%, of which the Mg, Mn, Hg, Fe, As, K, Al, Cs, and Cr associ-ated mostly with the coarser or epigenetic minerals show a higher removability than that of ash. The distribution of the elements in the seam profile controls their partitioning behavior to a great degree during the coal cleaning processes.

关键词： Antaibao mining district, No.11 coal seam, element geochemistry, cleaning.

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Influence of “Holiday Tourism Circle of Beijing” on Chengde Tourism Spatial Alteration and Reconstruction

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Chinese Journal of Population,resources and Environment 2006年第4期4卷 38-42页

作者： Li Chen1,2.Cheng Shengkui2.Chen Yuansheng2.Zhang Yingqiu1 1.college of Arts&science,Beijing Union {2.,Beijing 100083,China 2.Institute of Geographical science and Natural resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China college of Arts & science Beijing Union University Beijing 100083 China Institute of Geographical science and Natural resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing 100101 China College of Arts & Science Beijing Union University Beijing 100083 China

Chengde City,famous for its cultural sightseeing tourism industry,and is located in China's"Capital Holiday Tourism Circle".This location is advantageous,because of the recent boom in China's national tourism *** industry has gone through several structural and development changes with in the past several years.A result of these restructuring patterns is the great changes concerning competitive and cooperative relations among tourism destinations,which have precipitated the decline of the traditional sightseeing pattern. Northern China's"Capital Holiday Tourism Circle"is one of nine key areas within the Chinese tourism industry under development during the Eleventh Five-Year *** the present article the method of"Distance Decline of The Tourist Flow"was used to define the flow of tourists in the Capital Holiday Tourism Circle and its influence upon Chengde's tourism spatial distribution.3 aspects will be discussed:(1)The transformation from sightseeing to leisure markets makes the change possible in Chengde's tourism spatial pattern.(2.The location advantage(adjacent to Beijing and Tianjin) also leads to the change in Chengde tourism spatial pattern.(3)The establishment of freeways also contributes to a great degrees of change. The rapid development of leisure tourism might lead to the change from nucleus model to a diversified one within Chengde's ***,Chengde is developing the tourism industry with the central heritage area as the nucleus and the northern forest, pasture,southern mountain,and rivers as its periphery.

关键词： China Capital Holiday Tourism Circle Chengde city tourism space

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Water environmental Degradation of the Source Area of the Yellow River on Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Chinese Journal of Population,resources and Environment 2005年第3期3卷 34-36页

作者： Qi Shanzhong 1, Luo Fang 2.& Xiao Honglang 2.1 college of Population, resources and Environment, Shandong Normal {2., Jinan 2.0014, China 2.Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academic of sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China college of Population Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academic of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

The issue on water environmental degradation in the source area of the Yellow River has been one of very serious ecological and socially economic problems. The temporal-spatial changes of water environment led to the decreasing of land capacity and river disconnecting. The status of water environmental degradation in this paper was analyzed based on the data and field investigation. The results indicated that the surface water area in the region has obviously decreased owing to the climate changes and human irrational use of water {2. and the continuous lowering of the regional groundwater table and the steadily decreasing tendency of the flow rate in the source areas of the Yellow River.

关键词： water environmental degradation decreasing of surface water continuous lowering of groundwater table the Yellow River region Qinghai- Tibet Plateau

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Response of Tomato Plants to a New Application Method of Polyolefin-Coated Fertilizer

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Pedosphere 2005年第4期15卷 491-498页

作者： TIAN Xiao-Hong M. SAIGUSA Laboratory of environmental Crop science Field Science Centre Tohoku University Kawatabi Naruko Miyagi Prefecture 989-6711 （Japan）. college of Natural resources and {2. sciences Northwest Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry Yangling Shaanxi 712100 （China）

The response of tomato （Lycopersicon esculentum） plants basically fertilized with 0.3 g N per plant of compound fertilizer with a N：P2.5：K2. ratio of 2.：10：2. to sticks of polyolefin-coated fertilizer （POCF）（LongT0 with a N：P2.s：K2. ratio of 14：12.14） applied 2. d after transplanting was investigated using rooting boxes in the greenhouse. The results at 2. and 40 d after stick fertilizer treatment showed that the use of the stick fertilizer greatly increased the production of many new fine roots from the tomato plants. Compared to the unfertilized control, root length and root length density in the stick fertilizer treatment increased by 3.6-6.7 fold. In the soil zones near the stick fertilizer, root weight and root mass density were also significantly higher for the stick fertilizer treatment. Additionally, the use of the stick fertilizer increased the N, P and K concentrations in the leaves and stems of the tomato plants. The new fine roots growing near the stick fertilizer not only absorbed more nutrients and translocated them to the shoots, but also contained more nutrients within themselves. The soil ammonium and nitrate N data showed that N released from the stick fertilizer played a major role in inducing the production of new fine roots. These results indicated that stick fertilizer could be used as an alternative to the co-situs application technique to change and control the root distribution of crops as well as to increase the potential capacity of roots for water and nutrient absorption.

关键词： application method controlled release fertilizer tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

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