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Investigation of 'chazi'(damaged-enamels)on Chenghua doucai Porcelains

science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 1722-1729页

作者： DU Feng1 & SU BaoRu2.1 Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering,qingdao university of {2. & Technology,qingdao,china 2.college of information {2. & Technology,qingdao university of {2. & Technology,qingdao,china Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China college of information {2. & Technology Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China

At the end of the 1950s,Sun Yingzhou considered that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on Chenghua doucai imperial porcelain as a defect was originally produced in firing process during Chenghua period(1465―1487).Researchers in china have accepted his *** any fragment with the 'chazi' has never been found in several tons of Chenghua imperial sherds excavated from Ming imperial kiln site in *** china,few scholars have questioned the formation of 'chazi',and further investigated *** researchers at the Research Laboratory in the British Museum,employing unde-structive EDXRF,have analyzed the chemical composition of the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on a Chen-ghua doucai stem cup in the museum,and they have confirmed that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)was caused by the fire of the Jianfu palace in the Forbidden City in *** on their research,the authors studied the colour chemical principle of the 'chazi's' formation *** to the ceramic technology principle,scientific reasoning for the 'chazi' was carried *** the help of the history of Qing court,the brainteaser of the 'chazi' was totally uncovered,the misunderstanding for the 'chazi' has also been *** research also suggests that employing modern {2. and technology is a direction to study Chinese ancient ceramic further.

关键词： Chenghua doucai porcelains court eunuchs the set on fire at the Jianfu palace ’chazi’(damaged-enamels) the British Museum colour chemical principle archaeology using science and technology

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Further study of sources of the imported cobalt-blue pigment used on Jingdezhen porcelain from late 13 to early 15 centuries

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science china(Technological sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 249-259页

作者： DU Feng1 & SU BaoRu2.1 Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, qingdao university of {2. & Technology, qingdao 2.6000, china 2.college of information {2. Technology, qingdao university of {2. & Technology, qingdao 2.6000, china Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266000 China college of information {2. Technology Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266000 China

Based on the conclusion of modern scientific analysis: the cobalt-blue pigment applied on Jingdezhen official porcelain during Yuan Dynasty and prior to Xuande reign of Ming Dynasty (12.1―142.) contains high iron and low manganese con- tents, and the cobalt during Xuande and after Xuande periods (after 142.) of Ming Dynasty contains high manganese and low iron contents, in combination with the traditional archaeological method, the related historical textual records were in- vestigated and analyzed, the imported cobalt employed on Jingdezhen official porcelain was studied comprehensively, systematically and logically. In fact, 'Su Ma Li Qing' (Samarra-blue) and 'Su Bo Ni Qing' (Sumatra-blue) are definitely different cobalt ores originated in different places, because of their very similar translitera- tions in Chinese, the confusion has appeared in ancient books for more than 400 years, which considered 'Su Ma Li Qing' and 'Su Bo Ni Qing' as the same co- balt-blue pigment. In this article the mistake was corrected, the possible producing places and the approximate eras of the two pigments imported to china and used at Jingdezhen were also suggested.

关键词： imported cobalt-blue pigments employed on official blue-and-white porcelain Yuan Dynasty early Ming Dy- nasty Mn/Fe content ratio Su Ma Li Qing (Samarra-blue) Su Bo Ni Qing (Sumatra-blue) scientific archae- ological research transliteration

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A thin-layer spectroelectrochemical study of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine at SnO_2.F film optically transparent electrode

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science china Chemistry 2004年第4期47卷 267-275页

作者： JIAO Kui1, YANG Tao2.& NIU Shuyan1,2.1. college of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, qingdao {2. of science and Technology, qingdao 2.6042. china 2. college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean {2. of china, qingdao 2.6003, china Correspondence should be addressed to Jiao Kui 1. college of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology 266042 Qingdao China 2. college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China 266003 Qingdao China

The electrooxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is dependent on the pH value of Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution. In this work, the electrooxidation behavior of TMB was investigated with a SnO2.F film optically transparent thin-layer spectroelectrochemical cell. TMB underwent one two-electron electrooxidation process in the pH range from 2.0 to < 4.0, and two successive one-electron electrooxidation processes in the pH range from 4.0 to < 7.0 in the B-R buffer solution. At pH 6.5, the electrooxidative product of TMB generated a subsequent chemical reaction to yield an azo compound. Several spectroelectrochemical techniques, such as thin-layer cyclic voltammetry, thin-layer cyclic voltabsorptometry, thin-layer potential-controlled electrolysis absorptometry, thin-layer single-potential-step chronoabsorptometry, thin-layer dou-ble-potential-step chronoabsorptometry, thin-layer single-potential-step open-circuit relaxation chronoabsorptometry, were applied to this investigation. The formal potential E0’ and the electron transfer number corresponding to the electrooxidation of TMB in B-R buffer solution, and the reaction rate constant of the subsequent chemical reaction were determined.

关键词： 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine tin oxide film optically transparent electrode thin-layer spectroelectro-chemistry electrooxidation

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Application of RAPD technology for identification in three different stocks of Penaeus chinensis

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 629-634页

作者： Liu Zhenhui1, Kong Jie 2. Liu Ping2. Deng Jingyao2.1. college of Marine Biology science, Ocean {2. of china, qingdao 2.6003, china 2. Huanghai Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery sciences, qingdao, 2.6071, china Ocean Univ china Coll Marine Biol Sci Qingdao 266003 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Fishery Sci Huanghai Sea Fisheries Res Inst Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China

The genetic structure of three stocks (K, H and S) of Penaeus chinensis was detected by RAPD method which useed 41 random oligonucleotide primers with 10 bases. Stock K was from the spawning stock of the western coastal waters of the Korea Peninsula, H was from the Huanghai Sea-Bohai Sea stock and S was from the health cultured stock in Jimo, Shandong Province, china. Three genetic markers, F-02.540), OPN-13(800) and OPN-2.(2.00), which could differentiate the three different stocks, have been reported. The basic data for marker assisted selection (MAS) on genetic breeding of Penaeus chinensis are provided.

关键词： Penaeus chinensis RAPD technology genetic marker

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Preparation, characterization, viscosity and thermal conductivity of CaCO_3 aqueous nanofluids

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 360-368页

作者： ZHU HaiTao1, LI ChangJiang2. WU DaXiong1, ZHANG CanYing1 & YIN YanSheng2.1 college of Materials science and Engineering, {2. university of science and Technology, {2. 2.6042. china 2.Department of Materials, Ocean university of china, {2. 2.6003, china 1. college of Materials science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China2. Department of Materials Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

CaCO3 aqueous nanofluids were prepared by dispensing aqueous CaCO3 paste into distilled water under ultrasonic vibration. The actual microstructures of the CaCO3 nanofluids with different particle volume fractions were characterized by freeze etching replication transmission electron microscopy (FERTEM). Thermal conductivity and rheological behavior of the nanofluids were measured by standard analyzers. The results show that CaCO3 paste as raw material for nanofluids is advantageous to reducing aggregation of primary nanoparticles. The effective viscosities and effective thermal conductivities of the CaCO3 nanofluids are related to the aggregates of nanoparticles and can be well predicted by the modified Krieger & Dougherty formula and the modified Hamilton & Crosser model, respectively.

关键词： CaCO3 nanofluid thermal conductivity viscosity microstructure

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Characterzation and separation of Al_(13) species using gel-filtration chromatography

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science china Chemistry 2006年第4期49卷 326-331页

作者： CHU Yongbao1,2. GAO Baoyu1, YUE Qinyan1, WANG Yan1 & WANG Shuguang1 1. School of Environmental science and Engineering, Shandong university, Jinan 2.0100, {2. 2. college of Material and Environment, qingdao university of science and Technology, qingdao 2.6042. {2. School of Environmental science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China college of Material and Environment Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China

A polyaluminum chloride (PAC) sample was prepared using a slow alkalinetitration method. The Bio-Gel P-100 gel column chromatographic technique was used to separate andcharacterize the various forms of aluminum present in the prepared PAC solution. The effluents froma gel column were monitored using online chemical method: AI-Ferron timed complexationspectropho-tometry and by ^(2.)Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Effects ofdifferent experimental conditions such as eluent flow rate, ionic strength and pH on separation ofAl_(13) were investigated. Experimental results indicated that molecule size exclusion was not theonly parameter affecting the column chromatographic separation efficiency of Al_(13) but moleculecharge as well. Reducing the eluent flow rate, increasing the ionic strength and suitable pHresulted in increase in the separation efficiency. Experimental results clearly indicated that byvarying the experimental conditions, it is possible to produce pure Al_(13) species using a gelcolumn chromatographic technique.

关键词： Al13 species, column chromatography, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), separation and purification.

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Biomass of meiobenthic in the Bohai Sea, china

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2001年第3期20卷 435-442页

作者： Guo Yuqing, Zhang Zhinan, Mu Fanghong 1. Department of Life science, Ocean university of {2., {2. 2.6003, china 2. Agricultural college, jimei university, Xiamen 36102., china Department of Life science Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao 266003 China Agricultural college Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China

A grid of 2. stations, giving a broad geographic coverage of the Bohai Sea and the Bohai Strait was selected. Undisturbed sediments were collected from sampling stations during cruises in June 1997, in September/October 1998 and again in April/May 1999. Based on the results of Juario (1975), the average biomass, 0.404 g/(m2.) of meiofauna (including nematode, harpacticoida, bivalve larvae, polycheata and kinorhyncha) in the Bohai Sea is given and accounts for 4.5 percent of the macrofauna in the Bohai Sea. The horizontal distribution of the biomass of meiofauna showed that it was higher at the stations of middle east part of the Bohai Sea and the strait in 1998 and 1999 cruises and it decreased at the stations near to the strait mouth and increased at Station B1 in 1999 cruise. The annual average production in the Bohai Sea is 3.636 g/m2.calculated in term of the formula P = 9B. Compared with the biomass of other sea areas in the world, the biomass of the Bohai Sea is similar but slightly lower. The individual average dry weight of nematodes given by different authors is analyzed.

关键词： Meiofauna free-living marine nematodes benthic copepods biomass the Bohai Sea

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Construction and application of formal ontology for mine

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 577-582页

作者： CHENG Gang 1, 2. ZHANG Yin-ling1, 2. WANG Fei 1 ,2. ZHANG Zhen-hui 3, GUO Yu-xiang1, 2.1. Key Laboratory of Mine Spatial information Technologies of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, Henan Polytechnic university, Jiaozuo 454003, {2. 2. School of Surveying and land information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic university, Jiaozuo 454003, {2. 3. qingdao Branch of Naval Aeronautical Engineering Institute, qingdao 2.6041, {2. Henan Polytech Univ Key Lab Mine Spatial Informat Technol State Bur Surveying & Mapping Jiaozuo 454003 Peoples R China Henan Polytech Univ Sch Surveying & Land Informat Engn Jiaozuo 454003 Peoples R China Naval Aeronaut Engn Inst Qingdao Branch Qingdao 266041 Peoples R China

Digital mine is the only way for the development of mining industry in china. Due to lack of appropriate standards and norms, and different awareness in the field of digital mine among academia and industry insiders, the meaning for digital mine is still unclear. Starting from the nature of mining and removing of views of specialized fields, this paper constructs formal ontology for digital mine and proposes the four levels for it. The ontology clarifies the concept world for digital mine, defines the meaning of concepts and relations clearly, provides a reference for the standard construction for digital mine and provides a unified semantic framework for the integration of heterogeneous mine data. Meanwhile, it can provide formal reasoning knowledge for expert system of digital mine and improve the intelligence and automation while the machine automatically interpreting and processing mine spatial data.

关键词： Digital mine formalization ontology concept world semantic share

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Direct adaptive neural control for stabilization of nonlinear time-delay systems

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science china({2. sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 800-812页

作者： WANG Min1,2., ZHANG SiYing2. CHEN Bing2.& LUO Fei2.1college of Automation, South china {2. of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, china 2.nstitute of Complexity science, qingdao {2., qingdao 2.6071, china 1. college of Automation South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 China2. Institute of Complexity Science Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China

This paper is concerned with the problem of adaptive neural control for uncertain nonlinear strict-feedback time-delay systems with unknown virtual control coefficients. Radial basis function (RBF) neural networks are employed to directly approximate unknown virtual control signals, and then the adaptive neural control law is constructed by Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and backstepping. In order to avoid encountering a large number of adaptive parameters when using RBF neural networks as function approximators, an unknown constant, instead of unknown neural weights themselves, is employed as the estimated parameter. This technique makes only one adaptive parameter tuned online, thus significantly alleviating the burdensome computation. Meanwhile, some continuous functions are introduced to overcome the design difficulty originating from the use of one adaptive parameter. The proposed adaptive control guarantees the boundedness of all the signals in the closed-loop system. Simulation studies are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the scheme.

关键词： nonlinear time-delay systems neural control adaptive control backstepping

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Approximately optimal tracking control for discrete time-delay systems with disturbances

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第2期18卷 225-231页

作者： Gongyou Tang a,,Huiying Sun b,Haiping Pang c a college of information {2. and Engineering,Ocean university of china,qingdao 2.6100,china b college of information and Electrical Engineering,Shandong university of {2. and Technology,qingdao 2.6510,china c college of Automation and Electronic Engineering,qingdao university of {2. and Technology,qingdao 2.6042.china college of information {2. and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China college of information and Electrical Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510 China college of Automation and Electronic Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China

Optimal tracking control (OTC) for discrete time-delay systems affected by persistent disturbances with quadratic performance index is considered. By introducing a sensitivity parameter,the original OTC problem is transformed into a series of two-point boundary value (TPBV) problems without time-advance or time-delay terms. The obtained OTC law consists of analytic feedforward and feedback terms and a compensation term which is the sum of an infinite series of adjoint vectors. The analytic feedforward and feedback terms can be found by solving a Riccati matrix equation and two Stein matrix equations. The compensation term can be obtained by using an iteration formula of the adjoint vectors. Observers are constructed to make the approximate OTC law physically realizable. A simulation example shows that the approximate approach is effective in tracking the reference input and robust with respect to exogenous persistent disturbances.

关键词： Discrete systems Time-delay systems Disturbances Optimal control Tracking control

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