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Investigation of 'chazi'(damaged-enamels)on Chenghua doucai Porcelains

science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 1722-1729页

作者： DU Feng1 & SU BaoRu2.1 Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering,qingdao University of science & {2.,qingdao,china 2.college of information science & technology,qingdao University of science & {2.,qingdao,china Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China college of information {2. & technology Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China

At the end of the 1950s,Sun Yingzhou considered that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on Chenghua doucai imperial porcelain as a defect was originally produced in firing process during Chenghua period(1465―1487).Researchers in china have accepted his *** any fragment with the 'chazi' has never been found in several tons of Chenghua imperial sherds excavated from Ming imperial kiln site in *** china,few scholars have questioned the formation of 'chazi',and further investigated *** researchers at the Research Laboratory in the British Museum,employing unde-structive EDXRF,have analyzed the chemical composition of the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on a Chen-ghua doucai stem cup in the museum,and they have confirmed that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)was caused by the fire of the Jianfu palace in the Forbidden City in *** on their research,the authors studied the colour chemical principle of the 'chazi's' formation *** to the ceramic {2. principle,scientific reasoning for the 'chazi' was carried *** the help of the history of Qing court,the brainteaser of the 'chazi' was totally uncovered,the misunderstanding for the 'chazi' has also been *** research also suggests that employing modern science and {2. is a direction to study Chinese ancient ceramic further.

关键词： Chenghua doucai porcelains court eunuchs the set on fire at the Jianfu palace ’chazi’(damaged-enamels) the British Museum colour chemical principle archaeology using science and technology

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Further study of sources of the imported cobalt-blue pigment used on Jingdezhen porcelain from late 13 to early 15 centuries

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science china(Technological sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 249-259页

作者： DU Feng1 & SU BaoRu2.1 Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, qingdao University of science & {2., qingdao 2.6000, china 2.college of information science {2., qingdao University of science & {2., qingdao 2.6000, china Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China college of information {2. technology Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China

Based on the conclusion of modern scientific analysis: the cobalt-blue pigment applied on Jingdezhen official porcelain during Yuan Dynasty and prior to Xuande reign of Ming Dynasty (12.1―142.) contains high iron and low manganese con- tents, and the cobalt during Xuande and after Xuande periods (after 142.) of Ming Dynasty contains high manganese and low iron contents, in combination with the traditional archaeological method, the related historical textual records were in- vestigated and analyzed, the imported cobalt employed on Jingdezhen official porcelain was studied comprehensively, systematically and logically. In fact, 'Su Ma Li Qing' (Samarra-blue) and 'Su Bo Ni Qing' (Sumatra-blue) are definitely different cobalt ores originated in different places, because of their very similar translitera- tions in Chinese, the confusion has appeared in ancient books for more than 400 years, which considered 'Su Ma Li Qing' and 'Su Bo Ni Qing' as the same co- balt-blue pigment. In this article the mistake was corrected, the possible producing places and the approximate eras of the two pigments imported to china and used at Jingdezhen were also suggested.

关键词： imported cobalt-blue pigments employed on official blue-and-white porcelain Yuan Dynasty early Ming Dy- nasty Mn/Fe content ratio Su Ma Li Qing (Samarra-blue) Su Bo Ni Qing (Sumatra-blue) scientific archae- ological research transliteration

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Approximately optimal tracking control for discrete time-delay systems with disturbances

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第2期18卷 225-231页

作者： Gongyou Tang a,,Huiying Sun b,Haiping Pang c a college of information {2. and Engineering,Ocean University of china,qingdao 2.6100,china b college of information and Electrical Engineering,Shandong University of {2. and technology,qingdao 2.6510,china c college of Automation and Electronic Engineering,qingdao University of {2. and technology,qingdao 2.6042.china college of information {2. and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China college of information and Electrical Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510 China college of Automation and Electronic Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 China

Optimal tracking control (OTC) for discrete time-delay systems affected by persistent disturbances with quadratic performance index is considered. By introducing a sensitivity parameter,the original OTC problem is transformed into a series of two-point boundary value (TPBV) problems without time-advance or time-delay terms. The obtained OTC law consists of analytic feedforward and feedback terms and a compensation term which is the sum of an infinite series of adjoint vectors. The analytic feedforward and feedback terms can be found by solving a Riccati matrix equation and two Stein matrix equations. The compensation term can be obtained by using an iteration formula of the adjoint vectors. Observers are constructed to make the approximate OTC law physically realizable. A simulation example shows that the approximate approach is effective in tracking the reference input and robust with respect to exogenous persistent disturbances.

关键词： Discrete systems Time-delay systems Disturbances Optimal control Tracking control

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A thin-layer spectroelectrochemical study of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine at SnO_2.F film optically transparent electrode

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science china Chemistry 2004年第4期47卷 267-275页

作者： JIAO Kui1, YANG Tao2.& NIU Shuyan1,2.1. college of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, qingdao University of {2. and technology, qingdao 2.6042. china 2. college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of china, qingdao 2.6003, china Correspondence should be addressed to Jiao Kui college of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China college of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China

The electrooxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is dependent on the pH value of Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer solution. In this work, the electrooxidation behavior of TMB was investigated with a SnO2.F film optically transparent thin-layer spectroelectrochemical cell. TMB underwent one two-electron electrooxidation process in the pH range from 2.0 to < 4.0, and two successive one-electron electrooxidation processes in the pH range from 4.0 to < 7.0 in the B-R buffer solution. At pH 6.5, the electrooxidative product of TMB generated a subsequent chemical reaction to yield an azo compound. Several spectroelectrochemical techniques, such as thin-layer cyclic voltammetry, thin-layer cyclic voltabsorptometry, thin-layer potential-controlled electrolysis absorptometry, thin-layer single-potential-step chronoabsorptometry, thin-layer dou-ble-potential-step chronoabsorptometry, thin-layer single-potential-step open-circuit relaxation chronoabsorptometry, were applied to this investigation. The formal potential E0’ and the electron transfer number corresponding to the electrooxidation of TMB in B-R buffer solution, and the reaction rate constant of the subsequent chemical reaction were determined.

关键词： 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine tin oxide film optically transparent electrode thin-layer spectroelectro-chemistry electrooxidation

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Preparation, characterization, viscosity and thermal conductivity of CaCO_3 aqueous nanofluids

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 360-368页

作者： ZHU HaiTao1, LI ChangJiang2. WU DaXiong1, ZHANG CanYing1 & YIN YanSheng2.1 college of Materials science and Engineering, {2. University of science and technology, {2. 2.6042. china 2.Department of Materials, Ocean University of china, {2. 2.6003, china college of Materials science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China Department of Materials Ocean University of China Qingdao China

CaCO3 aqueous nanofluids were prepared by dispensing aqueous CaCO3 paste into distilled water under ultrasonic vibration. The actual microstructures of the CaCO3 nanofluids with different particle volume fractions were characterized by freeze etching replication transmission electron microscopy (FERTEM). Thermal conductivity and rheological behavior of the nanofluids were measured by standard analyzers. The results show that CaCO3 paste as raw material for nanofluids is advantageous to reducing aggregation of primary nanoparticles. The effective viscosities and effective thermal conductivities of the CaCO3 nanofluids are related to the aggregates of nanoparticles and can be well predicted by the modified Krieger & Dougherty formula and the modified Hamilton & Crosser model, respectively.

关键词： CaCO3 nanofluid thermal conductivity viscosity microstructure

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A Discrete Spectral Problem and Related Hierarchy of Discrete Hamiltonian Lattice Equations

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2007年第8期48卷 193-198页

作者： XU Xi-Xiang college of science,Shandong Uniersity of science and technology,qingdao 2.6510,chinaCAO Wei-Li college of science,Uniersity of Shanghai for science and technology,Shanghai 2.0093,china college of science Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510 China college of science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China

Staring from a discrete matrix spectral problem,a hierarchy of lattice soliton equations is presentedthough discrete zero curvature *** resulting lattice soliton equations possess non-local Lax *** structures are esta... 详细信息

关键词： lattice soliton equation zero curvature representation Hamiltonian structure Liouville integrability

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The structural analysis of fuzzy measures

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science china({2. sciences) 2011年第1期54卷 38-50页

作者： ZHANG Ling1,ZHANG Bo2.& ZHANG YanPing1 1 Computer science college,Anhui University,Hefei 2.0039,{2. 2.tate Key Lab of Intelligent technology & Systems Tsinghua National Lab for information science & technology information science & technology college,Computer science & technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,{2. Computer science college Anhui University Hefei China State Key Lab of Intelligent technology & Systems Tsinghua National Lab for information science & {2. information science & {2. college Computer Science & Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

From quotient space based granular computing theory we explore the fuzzy measures of fuzzy sets. Based on the structural analysis of fuzzy sets,we present an"isotropism"*** this assumption we achieved the following insights:(1)the uniqueness of a fuzzy measure being isotropic on a finite complete semi-ordered set;(2.the necessary and suffcient condition of the isomorphism for fuzzy measure functions in fuzzy mathematics;(3)the necessary and suffcient condition that fuzzy measures have fuzzy and granular monotonicity;(4)under a certain assumption,the analytic expression for fuzzy *** results clarify the relationship between fuzzy measures and granular computing,reveal the essence of fuzzy measures,and provide a simple way of constructing fuzzy measures.

关键词： quotient space fuzzy set fuzzy measure rough set structural analysis

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Series-based approximate approach of optimal tracking control for nonlinear systems with time-delay

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第12期18卷 1571-1576页

作者： Gongyou Tang~a Mingqu Fan~(a,b) a college of information {2. and Engineering,Ocean University of china,qingdao 2.6100,china b college of information and Engineering,Shandong University of {2. and technology,Jinan 2.0031,china college of information {2. and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China college of information and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Jinan 250031 China

The optimal output tracking control (OTC) problem for nonlinear systems with time-delay is *** a series-based approx- imate approach,the original OTC problem is transformed into iteration solving linear two-point boundary value problems without time- *** OTC law obtained consists of analytical linear feedback and feedforward terms and a nonlinear compensation term with an infinite series of the adjoint *** truncating a finite sum of the adjoint vector series,an approximate optimal tracking control law is obtained.A reduced-order reference input observer is constructed to make the feedforward term physically *** exam- ples are used to test the validity of the series-based approximate approach.

关键词： Nonlinear systems Time-delay Tracking control Optimal control Observer

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Grey Markov chain and its application in drift prediction model of FOGs

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2005年第2期16卷 388-393页

作者： Fan Chunling 1,2., Jin Zhihua1, Tian Weifeng1 & Qian Feng11. Department of information Measurement technology and Instrument, Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 2.0030, P. R. {2. 2. college of Automation and Electric Engineering, qingdao University of science and technology,qingdao 2.6042. P. R. {2. Department of information Measurement technology and Instrument Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 P. R. China college of Automation and Electric Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China

A novel grey Markov chain predictive model is discussed to reduce drift influence on the output of fiber optical gyroscopes (FOGs) and to improve FOGs' measurement precision. The proposed method possesses advantages of grey model and Markov chain. It makes good use of dynamic modeling idea of the grey model to predict general trend of original data. Then according to the trend, states are divided so that it can overcome the disadvantage of high computational cost of state transition probability matrix in Markov chain. Moreover, the presented approach expands the applied scope of the grey model and makes it be fit for prediction of random data with bigger fluctuation. The numerical results of real drift data from a certain type FOG verify the effectiveness of the proposed grey Markov chain model powerfully. The Markov chain is also investigated to provide a comparison with the grey Markov chain model. It is shown that the hybrid grey Markov chain prediction model has higher modeling precision than Markov chain itself, which prove this proposed method is very applicable and effective.

关键词： grey model Markov chain FOG drift.

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Characterzation and separation of Al_(13) species using gel-filtration chromatography

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science china Chemistry 2006年第4期49卷 326-331页

作者： CHU Yongbao1,2. GAO Baoyu1, YUE Qinyan1, WANG Yan1 & WANG Shuguang1 1. School of Environmental science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 2.0100, china 2. {2. of Material and Environment, qingdao University of science and technology, qingdao 2.6042. china School of Environmental science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China college of Material and Environment Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China

A polyaluminum chloride (PAC) sample was prepared using a slow alkalinetitration method. The Bio-Gel P-100 gel column chromatographic technique was used to separate andcharacterize the various forms of aluminum present in the prepared PAC solution. The effluents froma gel column were monitored using online chemical method: AI-Ferron timed complexationspectropho-tometry and by ^(2.)Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Effects ofdifferent experimental conditions such as eluent flow rate, ionic strength and pH on separation ofAl_(13) were investigated. Experimental results indicated that molecule size exclusion was not theonly parameter affecting the column chromatographic separation efficiency of Al_(13) but moleculecharge as well. Reducing the eluent flow rate, increasing the ionic strength and suitable pHresulted in increase in the separation efficiency. Experimental results clearly indicated that byvarying the experimental conditions, it is possible to produce pure Al_(13) species using a gelcolumn chromatographic technique.

关键词： Al13 species, column chromatography, polyaluminum chloride (PAC), separation and purification.

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