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Remote sensing application system for water environments developed for Environment Satellite 1

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2010年第S1期53卷 45-50页

作者： WU ChuanQing1,WANG Qiao1,ZHANG YongJun1,LI JunSheng2,WU YuanFeng2,ZHU Li1 & YAO YanJuan1 1 Satellite Environment center,Ministry of Environmental Protection,beijing 100029,china 2.center for earth observation and digital earth,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china 1. Satellite Environment center Ministry of Environmental Protection Beijing 100029 China2. Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Remote sensing data collected by the Environment Satellite I are characterized by high temporal resolution,high spectral resolution and mid-high spatial *** designed the Remote Sensing Application System for Water Environments(RSASWE) to create an integrated platform for remote sensing data processing,parameter information extraction and thematic mapping using both remote sensing and GIS *** system provides support for regional water environmental monitoring,and prediction and warning of water *** to process and apply data collected by Environment Satellite I,this system has automated procedures including clipping,observation geometry computation,radiometric calibration,6S atmospheric correction and water quality parameter *** consists of six subsystems:remote sensing image processing,basic parameter inversion,water environment remote sensing thematic outputs,application outputs,automated water environment outputs and a non-point source pollution monitoring *** present RSASWE plays an important role in operations at the Satellite Environment center.

关键词： water environment Remote Sensing Application System Environment Satellite 1

observation results of relativistic electrons detected by Fengyun-1 satellite and analysis of relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第12期51卷 1947-1956页

作者： YANG XiaoChao1,2↑ & WANG ShiJin1 1 center for Space Science and Applied Research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100190, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 1. center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The space particle component detector on Fengyun-1 satellite which works at the sun-synchronous orbit of about 870 km altitude has detected relativistic electrons for a long time. In comparison with the SAMPEX satellite observations during 1999–2004, the relativistic electron data from Fengyun-1 satellite from June 1999 to 2005 are used to analyze the relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events at the low earth orbit, and the possible correlation among REE events at the low earth orbit, high-speed solar wind and geomagnetic storms is discussed. The statistical result presents that 45 REE events are found in total during this time period, and the strong REE events with the maximum daily average flux > 400 cm?2·srt-1·s?1 occur mostly during the transition period from solar maximum to solar minimum. Among these 45 REE events, four strong REE events last a longer time period from 26-to 51-day and correlate closely with high speed solar wind and strong geomagnetic storms. Meanwhile, several strong geomagnetic storms occur continuously before these REE events, and these continuous geomagnetic storms would be an important factor causing these long-lasting strong REE events. The correlation analysis for overall 45 events indicates that the strength of the REE events correlates with the solar wind speed and the strength of the geomagnetic storm, and the correlation for strong REE events is much stronger than that for weak REE events.

关键词： relativistic electron enhancement low earth orbit high-speed solar wind geomagnetic storm

Quantitative estimation of the shrub canopy LAI from atmosphere-corrected HJ-1 CCD data in Mu Us Sandland

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Science china earth sciences 2010年第S1期53卷 26-33页

作者： CHEN Wei1,2,CAO ChunXiang1,HE QiSheng1,2,GUO HuaDong3,ZHANG Hao1,2,LI RenQiang4,ZHENG Sheng1,2,XU Min1,2,GAO MengXu1,2,ZHAO Jian1,2,LI Sha1,NI XiLiang1,2,JIA HuiCong1,JI Wei1,TIAN Rong1,2,LIU Cheng1,2,ZHAO YuXing5 & LI JingLu6 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of sciences and beijing Normal University,beijing 100101,china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 3 center for earth observation and digital earth,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china 4 china Key Laboratory of Ecological Network observation and Modeling,Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 5 Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science Institute,Dongsheng 017000,china 6 Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company,Wushen 017300,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. center for earth observation and digital earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 4. china Key Laboratory of Ecological Network observation and Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 5. Ordos Forestry Sand Control Science Institute Dongsheng 017000 China 6. Inner Mongolia Biomass Thermoelectricity Limited Company Wushen 017300 China

The leaf area index(LAI) is an important ecological parameter that characterizes the interface between vegetation canopy and the *** addition,it is used by most process-oriented ecosystem *** paper investigates the potential of HJ-1 CCD data combined with linear spectral unmixing and an inverted geometric-optical model for the retrieval of the shrub LAI in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia in the Mu Us ***(Moderate Resolution Atmospheric Radiance and Transmittance Model) was used for atmospheric *** was extracted using the threshold of the normalized difference vegetation index,with which water bodies and farmland were separated,in combination with a vegetation map of the People's Republic of china(1:1000000).Using the geometric-optical model,we derive the per-pixel reflectance as a simple linear combination of two components,namely sunlit background and *** fraction of sunlit background is related to the shrub *** the support of HJ-1 CCD data,we employ linear spectral unmixing to obtain the fraction of sunlit background in an atmospherically corrected HJ *** addition,we use the measured shrub canopy structural parameters for shrub communities to invert the geometric-optical model and retrieve the pixel-based shrub *** total,18 sample plots collected in Wushen Banner of Inner Mongolia are used for *** results of the shrub LAI show good agreement with R2 of 0.817 and a root-mean-squared error of 0.173.

关键词： shrub leaf area index inversion HJ-1 data geometric-optical model MODTRAN Mu Us Sandland

The application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第2期28卷 1-13页

作者： ZHANG Liang ZHANG Bin CHEN Zhengchao ZHENG Lanfen TONG Qingxi State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100101 China Naval Institute of Hydrographic Surveying and Charting Tianjin 300061 China center for earth observation and digital earth Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100190 China

Requirements for monitoring the coastal zone environment are first summarized. Then the appli- cation of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment investigation is introduced, such as the classification of coast beaches and bottom matter, target recognition, mine detection, oil spill identification and ocean color remote sensing. Finally, what is needed to follow on in application of hyperspectral remote sensing to coast environment is recommended.

关键词： hyperspectral remote sensing coastal zone ocean color remote sensing

Uncertainties in assessing the effect of climate change on agriculture using model simulation and uncertainty processing methods

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chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第8期56卷 729-737页

作者： YAO FengMei QIN PengCheng ZHANG JiaHua LIN ErDa BOKEN Vijendra College of earth Science Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China center for earth observation and digital earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100094 China chinese academy of Meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China School of Geoscience Yangtze University Jingzhou 434025 China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Department of Geography and earth Science University of Nebraska at Kearney Kearney NE 68849 USA

Model simulation is an important way to study the effects of climate change on *** assessment is subject to a range of uncertainties because of either incomplete knowledge or model technical uncertainties,impeding effective decision-making to climate *** the basis of uncertainties in the impact assessment at different levels,this article systematically summarizes the sources and propagation of uncertainty in the assessment of the effect of climate change on agriculture in terms of the climate projection,the assessment process,and the crop models linking to climate ***,techniques and methods focusing on different levels and sources of uncertainty and uncertainty propagation are introduced,and shortcomings and insufficiencies in uncertainty processing are pointed ***,in terms of how to accurately assess the effect of climate change on agriculture,improvements to further decrease potential uncertainty are suggested.

关键词：不确定性模型影响评估气候变化农业影响模型模拟不确定性传播气候预测气候模型

Deformation in the Three Gorges Reservoir after the first impoundment determined by GPS measurements

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第6期15卷 515-522页

作者： DU Ruilin 1,2 , QIAO Xuejun 1,2 *, WANG Qi 1,2 , XING Canfei 1,2 and YOU Xinzhao 1,3 (1. Institute of Seismology, CEA, Wuhan 430071, china 2. Laboratory of Crustal Movement and earth observation, Wuhan 430071, china 3. center for Analysis and Prediction, CEA, beijing 100036, china) Institute of Seismology CEA Wuhan 430071 China Laboratory of Crustal Movement and earth observation Wuhan 430071 China center for Analysis and Prediction CEA Beijing 100036 China

A 6-year long GPS observation (1998—2003) indicates that crustal deformation in the Three Gorges area is less active at a marginally measurable rate of 0—5 mm/a relative to stable South china block. However, the impounding water in June 2003 has induced transient displacement at the Three Gorges dam and the emerging reservoir. GPS measurements after the first stage of water filling of the reservoir demonstrate that vertical subsidence close by Yangtze River is about 10—40 mm, and the horizontal displacement is less than 5—10 mm. The maximum subsidence induced by the impoundment is located in the segment of the reservoir from Maoping to Xiangxi. The water loading-induced deformation diminishes rapidly with the distance from banks of the reservoir. The overall pattern of transient deformation is consistent with the simulation result of Farrell, and is attributed to the elastic response of upper lithosphere crust to overlying water reservoir.

关键词： Three Gorges GPS impoundment deformation.

Multiple time scale evaluation of the energy balance during the maize growing season,and a new reason for energy imbalance

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Science china earth sciences 2009年第1期52卷 108-117页

作者： GUO JianXia1,2,BIAN LinGen3 & DAI YongJiu2 1 Meteorological observation center of china Meteorological Administration,beijing 100081,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china 3 chinese academy of Meteorological sciences,beijing 100081,china Meteorological observation center of china Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Energy imbalance is a common problem associated with the measurement of surface energy using the eddy covariance *** the evaluation of the energy balance,people usually pay more attention to the statistical result that the effective energy(the sum of sensible and latent heat) is systematically lower than the available energy(the difference of net radiation and ground heat flux).However,little attention has been paid to the existence of the reversed situation when the effective energy is larger than the available energy or their contribution to the overall energy closure *** this paper,based on the analysis of the energy balance on multiple time scales across the maize growth season,we conclude that the non-synchronization of energy components is the main reason for the existence of the reversed *** shifting the phase of the effective energy components half an hour ahead,the rates of energy closure over all time scales are improved and dramatically reduce the number of the half-hourly samples when the energy ratio exceeds 1 or is below *** to the characteristics of the energy distribution and transformation over multiple time scales,latent heat is always the main type of energy cost,and the residual of the energy balance increases with the growth of the maize plant surpassing the sensible heat for seventy *** is suggested that the heat storage and photosynthetic energy play an important role in the energy balance during the growing period of maize.

关键词： maize energy balance multiple time scale energy hysteresis

Prediction model for spring dust weather frequency in North china

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Science china earth sciences 2008年第5期51卷 709-720页

作者： LANG XianMei center for Disastrous Climate Research and Prediction, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china center for Disastrous Climate Research and Prediction Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

It is of great social and scientific importance and also very difficult to make reliable prediction for dust weather frequency (DWF) in North china. In this paper, the correlation between spring DWF in beijing and Tianjin observation stations, taken as examples in North china, and seasonally averaged surface air temperature, precipitation, Arctic Oscillation, Antarctic Oscillation, South Oscillation, near surface meridional wind and Eurasian westerly index is respectively calculated so as to construct a prediction model for spring DWF in North china by using these climatic factors. Two prediction models, i.e. model-I and model-II, are then set up respectively based on observed climate data and the 32-year (1970 -2001) extra-seasonal hindcast experiment data as reproduced by the nine-level Atmospheric General Circulation Model developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP9L-AGCM). It is indicated that the correlation coefficient between the observed and predicted DWF reaches 0.933 in the model-I, suggesting a high prediction skill one season ahead. The corresponding value is high up to 0.948 for the subsequent model-II, which involves synchronous spring climate data reproduced by the IAP9L-AGCM relative to the model-I. The model-II can not only make more precise prediction but also can bring forward the lead time of real-time prediction from the model-I’s one season to half year. At last, the real-time predictability of the two models is evaluated. It follows that both the models display high prediction skill for both the interannual variation and linear trend of spring DWF in North china, and each is also featured by different advantages. As for the model-II, the prediction skill is much higher than that of original approach by use of the IAP9L-AGCM alone. Therefore, the prediction idea put forward here should be popularized in other regions in china where dust weather occurs frequently.

关键词： spring dust weather frequency prediction model iap9l-agcm hindcast experiment real-time prediction

A tentative study for the prediction of the CME related geomagnetic storm intensity and its transit time

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2005年第6期48卷 648-668页

作者： ZHAO Xinhua1,2 & FENG Xueshang1,3 1. SIGMA Weather Group, Key Laboratory of Space Weather, center for Space Science and Applied Re-search, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. School of Geophysics and Geoinformation Systems, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china 1. SIGMA Weather Group Key Laboratory of Space Weather Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. School of Geophysics and Geoinformation Systems China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China

Using 80 CME-ICME events during 1997.1―2002.9, based on the eruptive source locations of CMEs and solar magnetic field observation at the photosphere, a current sheet magnetic coordinate (CMC) system is established in order to study the propagation of CME and its geoeffectiveness. In context of this coordinate system, the effect of the eruptive source location and the form of heliospheric current sheet (HCS) at the eruptive time of CME on the geomagnetic storm intensity caused by CME and the CME’s transit time at the earth is investigated in detail. Our preliminary conclusions are: 1) The geomagnetic disturbances caused by CMEs tend to have the so-called “same side-opposite side effect”, i.e. CMEs erupt from the same side of the HCS as the earth would be more likely to arrive at the earth and the geomagnetic disturbances associated with them tend to be of larger magnitude, while CMEs erupting from the opposite side would arrive at the earth with less probability and the corresponding geomagnetic disturbance magnitudes would be relatively weaker. 2) The angular separation between the earth and the HCS affect the corresponding disturbance intensity. That is, when our earth is located near the HCS, adverse space weather events occur most probably. 3) The erupting location of the CME and its nearby form of HCS will also affect its arrival time at the earth. According to these conclusions, in this context of CMC coordinate we arrive at new prediction method for estimating the geomagnetic storm intensity (Dstmin) caused by CMEs and their transit times. The application of the empirical model for 80 CME-ICME events shows that the relative error of Dst is within 30% for 59% events with Dstmin≤?50 nT, while the averaged absolute error of transit time is lower than 10 h for all events.

关键词： coronal mass ejections, current sheet magnetic coordinate system, geomagnetic storm intensity, transit time, prediction method.