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流域面源污染研究进展与展望

农业环境科学学报 2024年第4期43卷 711-720页

作者：吴一平宋燕妮张广创周彤刘雯丹孙长顺薛旭东刘曙光陈骥田原西安交通大学全球环境变化研究院西安710049 华陆工程科技有限责任公司西安710054 陕西省环境科学研究院西安710061 陕西省环境调查评估中心西安710054 中南林业科技大学南方林业与生态应用技术国家工程实验室长沙410004 香港大学土木工程系中国香港999077 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室北京100101

面源污染已成为影响流域水环境和水安全的重要来源,是当前国内外学者关注的热点之一,同时也是最具挑战性的研究领域之一。科学高效地治理面源污染问题已经纳入国家战略计划。因此,在新形势和政策背景下如何推进面源污染研究工作,以保障... 详细信息

面源污染已成为影响流域水环境和水安全的重要来源,是当前国内外学者关注的热点之一,同时也是最具挑战性的研究领域之一。科学高效地治理面源污染问题已经纳入国家战略计划。因此,在新形势和政策背景下如何推进面源污染研究工作,以保障流域水环境可持续发展已成为紧迫任务。本文较为全面地回顾和总结了我国面源污染研究现状,归纳了主要研究方法和典型治理措施,并基于研究中存在的主要问题,结合我国水污染治理现状给出相应建议,指出未来发展趋势。本文可为面源污染的全过程监管、评估及治理提供重要参考,有助于完善我国水污染治理体系。

关键词：流域水文面源污染模型模拟污染控制发展趋势

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Wearable skin-like optoelectronic systems with suppression of motion artifacts for cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitor

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National Science Review 2020年第5期7卷 849-862页

作者： Haicheng Li Yinji Ma Ziwei Liang zhouheng Wang Yu Cao yuan Xu Hua zhou Bingwei Lu Ying Chen Zhiyuan Han Shisheng Cai Xue Feng Key Laboratory of applied Mechanics Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Intensive Care Unit Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of tsinghua University

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, an estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, representing 31%of all global deaths. Continuous non-invasive arterial pressure (CNAP) is essential for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is difficult to achieve long-term CNAP monitoring with the daily use of current devices due to irritation of the skin as well as the lack of motion artifacts suppression. Here, we report a high-performance skin-like optoelectronic system integrated with ultra-thin flexible circuits to monitor CNAP. We introduce a theoretical model via the virtual work principle for predicting the precise blood pressure and suppressing motion artifacts, and propose optical difference in the frequency domain for stable optical measurements in terms of skin-like devices. We compare the results with the blood pressure acquired by invasive (intra-arterial) blood pressure monitoring for>1500 min in total on 44 subjects in an intensive care unit. The maximum absolute errors of diastolic and systolic blood pressure were±7/±10 mm Hg, respectively, in immobilized, and±10/±14 mm Hg, respectively, in walking scenarios. These strategies provide advanced blood pressure monitoring techniques, which would directly address an unmet clinical need or daily use for a highly vulnerable population.

关键词： skin-like devices optoelectronics blood pressure monitor optical measurement

Water resource utilization characteristics and driving factors in the Hainan Island

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 191-206页

作者： Dun Wang Li-xin pei Li-zhong Zhang Xi-wen Li Ze-heng Chen Yue-hu zhou Haikou Marine Geological Survey center China Geological SurveyHaikou 571100China Comprehensive Survey and Management center for Natural Resources China Geological SurveyBeijing 100055China Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China

The scarcity of water resources caused by the unique topography and uneven rainfall distribution in Hainan Island has become a major factor restricting local development. In order to provide effective and scientific reference basis for the overall water resource utilization status and solving this problem, this study calculated the water resource utilization situation of Hainan Island from 2.17 to 2.2. in detail using methods including water resource ecological footprint analysis. Furthermore, a spatial correlation analysis was conducted to examine the island's water resource utilization characteristics, and the driving factors behind the changes in water resource utilization over the past five years were analyzed using the LMDI model. The results show that:(1) During the study period, the water resource ecological footprint in Hainan Island exhibited a slow growth trend, while the ecological carrying capacity showed a downward *** per capita ecological deficit of water resources remains relatively high, and the water consumption per 10 000 yuan GDP in the whole land continues to decrease, indicating that the overall pressure on water resource demand remains high with significant regional differences accompanied by the efficiency of water resource utilization steadily improving at the same time;(2. Agricultural water use accounts for the highest proportion in the entire water use structure, while ecological water use represents the smallest share, with a year-on-year increase, indicating that Hainan Island highlights the agricultural development and is increasingly conscious of the ecological environment;(3) Significant spatial differentiation in water resource utilization characteristics exists in Hainan Island, with the western region being a hot spot aggregation area for per capita water resource ecological footprint, per capita ecological carrying capacity of water resources, water consumption per 10 000 yuan GDP, while it is a cold spot cluster area fo

关键词： Ecological footprint Ecological carrying capacity Water consumption Moran'sⅠindex Cold/hot spot analysis LMDI model

Construction, characterization and application of a genomewide promoter library in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 107-116页

作者： Ting yuan Yakun Guo Junkai Dong Tianyi Li Tong zhou Kaiwen Sun Mei Zhang Qingyu Wu Zhen Xie Yizhi Cai Limin Cao Junbiao Dai MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Bioinformatics Division Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology TNLIST/Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Biological Sciences The King's Buildings University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3BF UK

Promoters are critical elements to control gene expression but could behave differently under various growth conditions. Here we report the construction of a genome-wide promoter library, in which each native promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was cloned upstream of a yellow fluorescent protein （YFP） reporter gene. Nine libraries were arbitrarily defined and assembled in bacteria. The resulting pools of promoters could be prepared and transformed into a yeast strain either as centromeric plasmids or integrated into a genomic locus upon enzymatic treatment. Using fluorescence activated cell sorting, we classified the yeast strains based on YFP fluorescence intensity and arbitrarily divided the entire library into 12.bins, representing weak to strong promoters. Several strong promoters were identified from the most active bins and their activities were assayed under different growth conditions. Finally, these promoters were applied to drive the expression of genes in xylose utilization to improve fermentation efficiency. Together, this library could provide a quick solution to identify and utilize desired promoters under user-defined growth conditions.

关键词： synthetic biology yeast promoter activity,metabolic engineering xylose utilization

Effects of dynamic flow rates on degradation deposition behavior of Mg scaffold

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镁合金学报(英文) 2023年第6期11卷 2054-2060页

作者： Gaozhi Jia Meng zhou Yicong Huang Chenxin Chen Liang Jin Qian Wu Jian Weng Fei Yu Ao Xiong Guangyin yuan Frank Feyerabend Hui Zeng Department of Bone&Joint Surgery Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical CenterShenzhen Institute of Information TechnologyShenzhen 518036China National Engineering Research center of Light Alloy Net Forming&State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China beijing Key Laboratory of Civil Aircraft Structures and Composite Materials Beijing Aircraft Technology Research Institute of COMACBeijing 102211China College of Life Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China Department of Orthopaedics Peking University People’s HospitalBeijing 100044China Division of Metallic Biomaterials Institute of Materials ResearchHelmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502Germany National&Local Joint Engineering Research center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036China

Degradability of bone tissue engineering scaffold that matching the regeneration rate could allow a complete replacement of host ***,the porous structure of biodegradable Mg scaffolds certainly generated high specific surface area,and the three-dimensional interconnected pores provided fast pervasive invasion entrance for the corrosive medium,rising concern of the structural integrity during the *** clarify the structural evolution of the three-dimensional(3D)porous structure,semi-static immersion tests were carried out to evaluate the degradation performance in our previous ***,dynamic immersion tests mimicking the in vivo circulatory fluid through the interconnected porous structure have yet been ***,the effects of dynamic flow rates on the degradation deposition behavior of 3D porous Mg scaffolds were rarely *** this study,Mg scaffolds degraded at three flow rates exhibited different degradation rates and deposition process.A flow rate of 0.5 m L/min introduced maximum drop of porosity by accumulated deposition *** deposition products provided limited protection against the degradation process at a flow rate of 1.0 m L/*** three-dimensional interconnected porous structure of Mg scaffold degraded at 2.0 m L/min well retained after 14 days showing the best interconnectivity resistance to the degradation deposition *** dynamic immersion tests disclosed the reason for the different degradation rates on account of flow rates,which may bring insight into understanding of varied in vivo degradation rates related to implantation sites.

关键词： Porous Mg scaffold Degradability Porosity Dynamic immersion test Degradation rate

SARS-CoV-2.Does Not Replicate in Aedes Mosquito Cells nor Present in Field-Caught Mosquitoes from Wuhan

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Virologica Sinica 2020年第3期35卷 355-358页

作者： Han Xia Evans Atoni Lu Zhao Nanjie Ren Doudou Huang Rongjuan pei Zhen Chen Jin Xiong Raphael Nyaruaba Shuqi Xiao Bo Zhang Zhiming yuan Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety Wuhan Institute of VirologyCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dear Editor,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.SARSCoV-2., the etiologic agent of COVID-19, is an enveloped,positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that first discovered in December 2.19 from a seafood m... 详细信息

关键词： Wuhan agent envelope

Generation of wide-bandwidth pulse with graphene saturable absorber based on tapered fiber

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第3期28卷 180-184页

作者： Ren-Li Zhang Jun Wang Mei-Song Liao Xia Li pei-Wen Guan Yin-Yao Liu Yan zhou Wei-Qing Gao Key Laboratory of Materials for High Power Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Science Shanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghai 201418China School of Electronic Science&applied Physics Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China

Wide-bandwidth pulses were generated with a dispersion-managed erbium-doped passively mode-locked fiber laser based on a graphene saturable absorber. The graphene saturable absorber was composed of a tapered fiber deposited with graphene fabricated by liquid-phase exfoliation. The output pulse had a 3-dB bandwidth of 13.6 nm, which is the widest spectrum ever achieved with graphene-tapered-fiber saturable absorbers.

关键词： fiber lasers mode locking graphene

Strain engineering of anisotropic light-matter interactions in onedimensional P-P chain of SiP_(2.

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Nano Research 2022年第8期15卷 7378-7383页

作者： Fanghua Cheng Junwei Huang Feng Qin Ling zhou Xueting Dai Xiangyu Bi Caorong Zhang Zeya Li Ming Tang Caiyu Qiu Yangfan Lu Huiyang Gou Hongtao yuan National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials College of Engineering and Applied SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China College of Materials Science and Engineering National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium AlloysChongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research Beijing 100094China

Strain engineering can serve as a powerful technique for modulating the exotic properties arising from the atomic structure of *** have been demonstrated that one-dimensional(1D)structure can serve as a great platform for modulating electronic band structure and phonon dispersion via strain ***,in a van der Waals material silicon diphosphide(SiP_(2.),quasi-1D zigzag phosphorus–phosphorus(P–P)chains are embedded inside the crystal structure,and can show unique phonon vibration modes and realize quasi-1D *** those optical properties by the atom displacements via strain engineering is of great interest in understanding underlying mechanism of such P–P chains,however,which remains ***,we demonstrate the strain engineering of Raman and photoluminescence(PL)spectra in quasi-1D P–P chains and resulting in anisotropic manipulation in SiP_(2..We find that the phonon frequencies of SiP_(2.in Raman spectra linearly evolve with a uniaxial strain along/perpendicular to the quasi-1D P–P chain ***,by applying tensile strain along the P–P chains,the band gap energy of strained SiP_(2.can significantly decrease with a tunable value of~55 *** on arsenic(As)element doping into SiP_(2.,the strain-induced redshifts of phonon frequencies decrease,indicating the stiffening of the phonon vibration with the increased arsenic doping *** results provide an opportunity for strain engineering of the light–matter interactions in the quasi-1D P–P chains of SiP_(2.crystal for potential optical applications.

关键词： strain engineering silicon diphosphide Raman photoluminescence

Stimulation of endothelial non-neuronal muscarinic receptor attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis via inhibiting endothelial cells activation

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中国应用生理学杂志 2014年第6期30卷 549-559页

作者： Jing-hong zhou Zhi-yuan PAN Yan-fang ZHANG Wen-yu CUI Chao-liang LONG Hai WANG Cardiovascular Drug Research center Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing Cardiovascular Drug Research center Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine Beijing Cardiovascular Drug Research center Thadweik Academy of Medicine

Objective To investigate the effects of non-neuronal muscarinic receptors(NNMR) stimulation on atherosclerosis and endothelial cells *** Atherosclerosis model was established in ApoE^(-/-)mice by a high fat diet for 7 *** the experimental periods,animals were received a low(7 mg/kg/d) or a high(2. mg/kg/d) dose of arecoline by *** the termination of the treatments,serum total cholesterol and NO levels were measured,and the aorta morphology was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin *** gene expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) and adhesion molecules in the thoracic aortas was determined by RT-PCR,and the MCP-1 protein expression and NFkB activity were detected by Western blot *** production,MCP-1 secretion in cultured rat aortic endothelial cells(RAECs),and monocyte-endothelium adhesion assay were also performed after arecoline *** Arecoline efficiently decreased atherosclerotic plaque areas,increased serum nitric oxide(NO) content,suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of MCP-1,and modulated the IκB-αdegradation and P65 phosphorylation in the aortae of ApoE^(-/-) ***,arecoline promoted NO production and suppressed MCP-1 secretion in cultured RAECs after ox-LDL exposure,and either atropine or NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester could abrogate these *** also significantly inhibited the adherence of U937 monocytes to the ox-LDL injured human umbilical vein endothelial cells,which could be abolished by *** Our results indicate that arecoline attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis and inhibits endothelial cells activation and adherence by stimulating endothelial *** effects,at least in part,are due to its modulation on NF-kB activity.

关键词：动脉粥样硬化血管内皮毒蕈碱受体单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 神经元细胞激活人脐静脉内皮细胞 RT-PCR检测