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Preliminary study on the origin identification of natural gas by the parameters of light hydrocarbon

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 131-139页

作者： HU GuoYi 1,2,3 ,LI Jian 1,2 ,LI Jin 1,2 ,LI ZhiSheng 1,2 ,LUO Xia 1,2 ,SUN QingWu 1,2 &MA ChengHua 1,2 1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development(langfang Branch),petrochina,langfang 065.07,china 2.the key laboratory of gas formation and development,petrochina,langfang 065.07,china 3 College of Geo-Resources and Information,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102200,china petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang Branch Langfang 065007 Peoples R China petrochina Key Lab Gas Format & Dev Langfang 065007 Peoples R China china Univ Petr Coll Georesources & Informat Beijing 102200 Peoples R China

The light hydrocarbon composition of 209 natural gas samples and individual light hydrocarbon carbon isotopes of 53 natural gas samples from typical humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas in the four basins of china have been determined and *** identification parameters for humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas are proposed or *** differences of compound-specificδ13C value of individual light hydrocarbon between humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas have been *** humic-sourced gas has the distribution ofδ13C benzene > -24‰,δ13C toluene >-23‰,δ13C cyclohexane >-24‰andδ13C methyl cyclohexane >-24‰,while the sapropelicsourced gas has the distribution ofδ13C benzene 24‰,δ13C toluene 24‰,δ13C cyclohexane 24‰and δ13C methyl cyclohexane 24‰.Among the components of C7 light hydrocarbon compound,such as normal heptane(nC7),methyl cyclohexane(MCH)and dimethyl cyclopentane(ΣDMCP),etc,relative contents of nC7 and MCH are influenced mainly by the source organic matter type of natural ***,it is suggested that the gas with relative content of nC7 of more than 30%and relative content of MCH of less than 70%is sapropelic-sourced gas,while gas with relative content of nC7 of less than 35%and relative content of MCH of more than 50%is humic-sourced *** components of C5-7 aliphatics, the gas with relative content of C5-7 normal alkane of more than 30%is sapropelic-sourced gas,while the gas with relative content of C5-7 normal alkane of less than 30%is humic-sourced *** paremeters have been suggested to identify humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas.

关键词： natural gas humic-sourced gas sapropelic-sourced gas carbon isotope light hydrocarbon parameters

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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of Tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2 (1. key laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 102249, china 2. The Institute of Oil and gas Exploration and development, Tarim Oilfield Company, petrochina Company Limited, Korla 841000, china) [a]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in China Petroleum University Beijing China [b]The Institute of Oil and gas Exploration and development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt Tarim basin.

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Progress and review of the studies on the end-Triassic mass extinction event

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2049-2060页

作者： DENG Shenghui1,2, LU Yuanzheng1,2,3 & XU Daoyi4 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development, Beijing 100083, china 2. key laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoir of petrochina, Beijing 100083, china 3. china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, china 4. Institute of Geology, china Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, china 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development 100083 Beijing China 2. key laboratory of Oil and gas Reservoir of petrochina 100083 Beijing China 3. china University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration 100029 Beijing China

The mass extinction at the end-Triassic is one of the five biggest in the Phanerozoic. However,it is the least well understood among these five events, and only till last decade it became a great academic interesting subject to geologists. The evidences for this event come obviously from bivalves, brachiopods, ammonites, corals, radiolaria, ostracods and foraminifera of marine habitats, and plants and tetrapods of terrestrial realm. By contrast, for some of other groups, such as marine gastropods and marine vertebrates, no mass extinction has been recog-nized yet. The extinction event is strongly marked at specific level but shown a complicated situa-tion at generic and family levels. Dramatic changing of the environment, such as the temperature raise due to the greenhouse effect, the marine anoxic habitats caused by a sudden transgression after the regression at the end of Triassic, has been claimed to be the main cause of the extinction. Many hypotheses have been suggested to demonstrate the mechanisms of the environment changing, among which two popular ones are the bolide impact and volcanic eruption. The Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) boundary mass extinction event is still poorly understood because no enough data have been obtained from the Tr-J boundary successional sections of both marine and terrestrial sediments, and most of these studies were regionally restricted. The basic aspects of the event and its associated environmental conditions remain poorly characterized and the causal mechanism or mechanisms are equivocal. Some authors even doubt its occurrence. china has many successionally developed terrestrial and marine Tr-J sections. Detailed studies of these sections may be important and significant for well understanding of the event.

关键词： progress, review, end-Triassic, mass extinction, mechanism, Tr-J boundary.

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Natural gas geochemistry and its origins in Kuqa depression

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 174-182页

作者： LIU QuanYou 1 ,QIN ShengFei 1 ,LI Jian 2 ,LIU WenHui 3 ,ZHANG DianWei 3 ,ZHOU QingHua 1 &HU AnPing 1 1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 2 langfang Branch of Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development,petrochina,langfang 065.07,china 3 Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,china petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China petrochina Langfang Branch Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang 065007 Peoples R China SINOPEC Explorat & Prod Res Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

According to gas compositional and carbon isotopic measurement of 114 gas samples from the Kuqa depression,accumulation of the natural gases in the depression is dominated by hydrocarbon gases, with high gas dryness(C1/C1-4)at the middle and northern parts of the depression and low one towards east and west sides and southern *** carbon isotopes of methane and its homologues are relatively enriched in 13 C,and the distributive range ofδ13C 1 ,δ13C 2 andδ13C 3 is-32‰―-36‰,-22‰―-24‰and-20‰―-22‰,*** general,the carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes become less negative with the increase of carbon ***δ13C CO2 value is less than-10‰in the Kuqa depression,indicating its organogenic *** distributive range of 3 He/ 4 He ratio is within n×10-8 and a decrease in 3 He/ 4 He ratio from north to south in the depression is *** on the geochemical parameters of natural gas above,natural gas in the Kuqa depression is of characteristics of coal-type gas *** possible reasons for the partial reversal of stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes involve the mixing of gases from one common source rock with different thermal maturity or from two separated source rock intervals of similar kerogen type,multistages accumulation of natural gas under high-temperature and over-pressure conditions,and sufficiency and diffusion of natural gas.

关键词： Kuqa depression natural gas stable carbon isotope gas origin

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formation mechanism of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 529-540页

作者： YANG Zhi1,2,ZOU CaiNeng1,3,HE Sheng2,LI QiYan1,HE ZhiLiang3,WU HengZhi5,CAO Feng1,MENG XianLong4,WANG FuRong2 & XIAO Qilin21 State key laboratory of EOR,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & development,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 2 key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education,china University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,china 3 State key laboratory of EOR,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & development,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 4 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,china 5 Southwest Branch Company,SINOPEC,Chengdu 610051,china 1. State key laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China3. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petrochina Beijing 100083 China5. Southwest Branch Company SINOPEC Chengdu 610051 China4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

Carbonate cemented zones are normally adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW *** carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and petrological investigations of carbonate cements in the carbonate cemented zones indicate that:(1) carbonate cements are composed dominantly of ferrocalcite,ferroan dolomite,and ankerite;(2) carbonate cements are formed under a high temperature circumstance in the subsurface,and organic fluid migration has an important effect on the formation of them;and(3) carbon and oxygen ions in the carbonate cements migrate from the underlying overpressured *** suggests that the occurrence of carbonate cemented zones in this region results from multiple phases of organic fluid expulsion out of the overpressure compartment through geological *** study provides a plausible mechanism of the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the clastic sedimentary basins,and has an important implication for understanding the internal correlation between the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to top overpressured surface and geofluids expulsion out of overpressured system.

关键词： carbonate cemented zones formation mechanism stable carbon and oxygen isotopic top overpressured surface central Junggar Basin coal-bearing strata

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Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2, Zhao Hong2,3, Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2,3, Xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2,3 and Zhang Bin1,4(1. key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, china National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083, china 2. Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, china 3. key laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, china 4. Petroleum Geology Central laboratory, Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development, petrochina, Beijing 100083, china) key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China key laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and gas Resources Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Petroleum Geology Central laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13 hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13 compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13 alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02—0.58 minutes. Totally 286 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC key laboratory Crude Oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13 hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil

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Mn content of reservoir calcite cement: A novel inorganic geotracer of secondary petroleum migration in the tectonically complex Junggar Basin (NW china)

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Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1796-1809页

作者： CAO Jian1,HU WenXuan1,YAO SuPing1,ZHANG YiJie2,WANG XuLong3,ZHANG YueQian3,TANG Yong3 & SHI XinPu3 1 State key laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research,Department of Earth Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,china 2 Research Institute of Exploration and development,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 3 Research Institute of Exploration and development,petrochina Xinjiang Oilfield Company,Karamay 834000,china 1. State key laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 2. Research Institute of Exploration and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China 3. Research Institute of Exploration and development PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay 834000 China

Electronic probe microanalysis(EPMA) results of reservoir calcite cement from fourteen core samples in the Junggar Basin show that Mn-content varies largely between different samples from below the detect limitation to 4.14%,while it displays a generally good correlation with oil-gas ***,therefore,likely indicates that concentration of the Mn-content of the calcite cement has a close rela-tion to the intensity of petroleum fluid charging during hydrocarbon secondary *** order to assess this hypothesis,oxygen and strontium isotopic measurements on sixteen calcite veins host in source sequences were carried out to investigate the feature of the oil-source petroleum *** results imply that during hydrocarbon generation and migration,deep hot fluid has dissolved volcanic minerals interlined between mudstone source *** Mn is a kind of typical trace element enriched in volcanic rocks,it is reasonable to conclude that the petroleum fluid formed in the source sequences would be ***,calcite cements precipitated from such Mn-rich petroleum fluid would be Mn-rich *** to the geologic chromatographic effect during migration along reservoir rocks,the decreasing of the Mn-content of the reservoir calcite cements indicates the migration ***,this novel geotracer was further successfully applied in the study of hydrocarbon migration in the Junggar Basin in combination with organic geochemical analyses during the hydrocarbon *** Mn content of the reservoir calcite cement appears promising as a novel inorganic geotracer for the petroleum *** paper represents a search for novel indicators of secondary petroleum migration in tectonically complex basins based on fundamentals of the reservoir fluid-rock interactions.

关键词： Petroleum migration, inorganic geochemistry, water-rock interaction, reservoir calcite cement, the Junggar Basin

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The special sealing mechanism of caprock for Quaternary biogenetic gas in Sanhu area,Qaidam Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 45-52页

作者： LI Jian 1 ,YAN QiTuan 1 ,ZHANG Ying 1 ,LIU GuangDi 2 &WANG XiaoBo 1 1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development-langfang,langfang 065.07,china 2 University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,china Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfan Langfang 065007 Peoples R China Univ Petr Beijing 102249 Peoples R China

The Quaternary biogenetic gas reservoirs in the east of Qaidam Basin have many characteristics such as late forming time,shallow burial depth,low diagenetic grade,high porosity and high permeability and so *** cannot be considered as caprock according to the traditional evaluation ***, the large scale and high efficient biogenetic gas reservoirs of the Qaidam Basin are really formed under these kinds of caprocks,so it does have some specialty in its sealing *** at the special sealing mechanism,some simulating experiments have been *** research results show that the sealing ability of biogenetic gas caprock is related with water saturation,the caprock that is saturated with salt water can effectively block seepage and ***,the multiple reservoir-caprock groups have accumulated sealing effect,causing the formation of big gas *** evaluation method with traditional caprock parameters cannot be adopted in evaluating the study area.

关键词： Qaidam Basin biogenetic gas caprock sealing mechanism diffusion water saturation accumulated sealing

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The components and carbon isotope of the gases in inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Paleozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 115-121页

作者： MI JingKui 1 ,DAI JinXing 1 ,ZHANG ShuiChang 1 ,ZHANG WenZheng 2 ,GONG Se 1 &LI XianQing 3 1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 2 Exploration and development Research Institute of petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 3 key laboratory of Coal Resources,Ministry of Education,china University of Miningand Technology,Beijing 100083,china petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China petrochina Changqing Oilfield Co Explorat & Dev Res Inst Xian 710021 Peoples R China china Univ Min & Technol Key Lab Coal Resources Minist Educ Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The components and carbon isotope of gases in inclusions are one of the most important geochemical indexes for gas *** analysis results of the components and carbon isotope of gases from inclusions in reservoir layers of Upper Palaeozoic gas pools in the Ordos Basin show that most inclusions grown in reservoir sandstone are primary *** is only a little difference about the components and carbon isotope between the well gases and the secondary inclusions *** indicated that the epigenetic change of gas pools is *** difference between the well gases and the secondary inclusions gases is caused by two reasons:(i)The well gases come from several disconnected sand bodies buried in a segment of depth,while the inclusion gases come from a point of depth.(ii)The secondary inclusions trapped the gases generated in the former stage of source rock gas generation,and the well gases are the mixed gases generated in all the *** is irresponsible to reconstruct the palaeo-temperature and palaeo-pressure under which the gas pool formed using carbon dioxide inclusions.

关键词： Ordos Basin Upper Paleozoic inclusion gas components carbon isotope

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Influence of Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds in Tarim Basin by faulting

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 53-60页

作者： L XiuXiang1,2,YANG Ning1,2,ZHOU XinYuan3,YANG HaiJun3 & LI JianJiao1,2 1 Faculty of Natural Resource & Information Technology,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 2 State key laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 3 Tarim Oilfield,petrochina,Korla 841000,china china Univ Petr Fac Nat Resource & Informat Technol Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China petrochina Tarim Oilfield Korla 841000 Peoples R China

The quality of the Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds in the Tarim Basin is closely related to the development of secondary pores,fractures and cavities. Karstification is important in improving the properties of reservoir beds,and karstification related to unconformity has caught wide attention. Compared with the recent research on the unconformity karst reservoir bed improvement,this paper shows a new way of carbonate reservoir bed transformation. Based on field survey,core and slices observation,transformation of Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds by faulting can be classified into three types: (1) Secondary faults and fracturs generated by faulting improved carbonate reservoir bed properties,which were named the Lunnan or Tazhong82 model; (2) upflow of deep geothermal fluids caused by faulting,with some components metasomatizing with carbonate and forming some secon-dary deposit,such as fluorite. It can improve carbonate reservoir bed properties obviously and is named the Tazhong 82 model; and (3) the faulting extending up to the surface increased the depth of supergene karstification and the thickness of reservoir bed. It is named the Hetianhe model. Trans-formation effect of carbonate reservoir beds by faulting was very significant,mainly distributed on the slopes or on the edge or plunging end of the uplift.

关键词： carbonate faulting reservoir transformation Ordovician Tarim Basin

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