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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第12期52卷 1746-1755页

作者： DENG ShengHui1,2. WAN ChuanBiao3 & YANG JianGuo3 1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, beijing 100083. China {2., beijing 100083.China 3 Daqing Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Daqing 164712. China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China state key {2. of enhanced oil recovery Beijing China Daqing Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Daqing China

This work documents a new flora from the Upper Permian Hongshan Formation of Acheng County, Heilongjiang Province, Northwest China. The flora consists of 2. species: Paracalamites sp., Pecopteris tangwangheensis Huang, Callipteris obese Huang, Callipteris shenshuensis Huang, C. tangwangheensis Huang, C. heilongjiangensis Huang, C. zeilleri Zalessky, C. sp., Comia yichunensis Huang, C. tenueaxis Huang, Iniopteris sibirica Zalessky, Supaia teiliensis Huang, Compsopteris tchirkovae Zalessky, C. cf. adzvensis Zalessky, Nilssonia sp. 1, Nil. sp. 2. Taeniopteris cf. densissima Halle, T. cf. nystraemii Halle, T. sp. and Noeggerathiopsis derzavinii Neub. It is dominated by Angara species but mixed with some typical Cathaysian elements. The age of the flora is assigned to late of the Late Permian according to the stratigraphic ranges of the known species and the comparisons of it with the similar floras. The new discovery indicates that the final collision between the North China Plate and Siberian Plate occurred in Late Permian along the Xar Moron River-Changchun-Yanji sutured zone, and the Paleoasian Ocean was finally closed at the end of the Permian.

关键词： Late Permian mixed Angara-Cathaysia flora Paleoasian Ocean plate collision Heilongjiang Province of China

Stability and water control of nitrogen foam in bulk phase and porous media

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Petroleum Science 2009年第2期6卷 181-187页

作者： Zhao Renbao Hou Yongli Ke Wenqi Yue Xiang＇an key laboratory of Petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research Center of enhanced oil {2. China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Foam is widely used in the petroleum industry thanks to its unique properties and performance. Its application to water control in oil wells has received more and more attention. The stability of nitrogen foam was investigated in pressurized equipment and sand pack. The result indicated that with increasing pressure （0-2.MPa） the stability of foam in the pressurized equipment increased linearly. Increased nitrogen injection pressure caused better dispersion of nitrogen-foaming solution in porous media. The initial residual resistance factor to gas was an exponential function of injection pressure, but the residual resistance factor （to gas and liquid） decreased exponentially with time. The halflife of foam in porous media （expressed in residual resistance factor） was much longer than that in bulk phase （expressed in foam height）. Pore model analysis indicated that good dispersion in porous media and the presence of thick liquid film during dispersion were the main reasons for high stability. Field test indicated that effective residence of foam in the formation not only resulted in much better heat insulation, but also improved steam stimulation by enhancing steam heating.

关键词： enhanced oil {2. foam porous media permeability residual resistance factor,residence time

Characteristics and evolution of strike-slip tectonics of the Liaohe Western Sag,Bohai Bay Basin

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Petroleum Science 2008年第3期5卷 223-229页

作者： Tong Hengmao Yu Fusheng Geng Changbo key state {2. of oil and Gas Resources and Exploration. China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China CNPC International Research Center. beijing 100083. China

Because of its rich oil and gas resources and the special tectonic location of the Liaohe Western Sag （the Tanlu Fault traverses the sag）, Bohai Bay Basin, a detailed study of its strike-slip tectonics is significant in revealing the sag＇s tectonic evolution, its control on hydrocarbon accumulation, and the activity history of the northern section of the Tanlu Fault in the Cenozoic. Through systematic structure analysis of 3D seismic data of the Liaohe Western Sag, combined with balanced section analysis, a variety of structural features in relation to right-lateral strike-slip faults, such as echelon normal faults, ＂comb＂ structure, ＂flower＂ structure,＂interpretable＂ and ＂buried＂ strike-slip faults have been revealed exist in the Liaohe Western Sag. According to the research in this paper, the complex structural phenomena in the Liaohe Western Sag could be reasonably interpreted as right-lateral strike-slip activity and the strike-slip activities of the Liaohe Western Sag began in the early Oligocene. The activity was weak at the beginning （E3s1-2., then strengthened gradually and reached its strongest level in the late Oligocene （E3d1）. In the Miocene, the strike-slip activity was low and then strengthened significantly once again from the Pliocene to the present. It is speculated that the entire northern section of the Tanlu Fault has had a similar evolution history since the Oligocene.

关键词： Bohai Bay Basin Western Sag Tanlu Fault strike-slip tectonics tectonic evolution

Mechanism for calcite dissolution and its contribution to development of reservoir porosity and permeability in the Kela 2.gas field,Tarim Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 567-578页

作者： YU BingSong1,3, DONG HailLiang2.3 & RUAN Zhuang1,3 1 state key {2. of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. China 2.Department of Geology, Miami University,Oxford, OH 45056, USA 3 Geomicrobiology {2., China University of Geosciences, beijing, 100083. China state key {2. of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Geomicrobiology laboratory China University of Geosciences Beijing China Department of Geology Miami University Oxford USA

This study is undertaken to understand how calcite precipitation and dissolution contributes to depth-related changes in porosity and permeability of gas-bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Kela 2.gas field of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China. Sandstone samples and pore water samples are col-lected from well KL2.1 in the Tarim Basin. Vertical profiles of porosity, permeability, pore water chem-istry, and the relative volume abundance of calcite/dolomite are constructed from 3600 to 4000 m below the ground surface within major oil and gas reservoir rocks. Porosity and permeability values are in-versely correlated with the calcite abundance, indicating that calcite dissolution and precipitation may be controlling porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Pore water chemistry exhibits a sys-tematic variation from the Na2.O4 type at the shallow depth (3600-3630 m), to the NaHCO3 type at the intermediate depth (3630―3695 m),and to the CaCl2.type at the greater depth (372.―3938 m). The geochemical factors that control the calcite solubility include pH, temperature, pressure, Ca2. concen-tration, the total inorganic carbon concentration (ΣCO2., and the type of pore water. Thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mass conservation laws are applied to calculate the calcite saturation state as a function of a few {2. parameters. The model calculation illustrates that the calcite solubility is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of pore water, mainly the concentration difference between the total dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved calcium concentration (i.e., [ΣCO2. -[Ca2.]). In the Na2.O4 water at the shallow depth, this index is close to 0, pore water is near the calcite solubility. Calcite does not dissolve or precipitate in significant quantities. In the NaHCO3 water at the intermedi-ate depth, this index is greater than 0, and pore water is supersaturated with respect to calcite. Massive calcite precipitation was observed at this depth interval and

关键词： calcite dissolution porosity thermodynamic Tarim Basin

Alkylation mechanism of benzene with 1-dodecene catalyzed by Et_3NHCl-AlCl_3

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第5期53卷 1101-1106页

作者： QI GuoPeng 1,JIANG Feng 1,SUN XueWen 2.& ZHAO SuoQi 2.1School of Chemical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072.China 2.0} key {2. of Heavy oil Processing,Petroleum University of China,beijing 102.49,China School of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China state key {2. of Heavy oil Processing Petroleum University of China Beijing China

The isotope exchange method was employed to investigate the catalytic mechanism of ionic liquid in alkylation of benzenes with *** is proposed that alkylation was induced by the Lewis acid AlCl3 which attracted π electrons of 1-dodecene to shift toward 1-carbon,thus forming a carbonium *** carbonium ion further reacted with benzenes to form a *** to unstabilit of the complex,a deuterated ring proton was transferred into an electronegative 1-carbon of the side chain to substitute for the AlCl3,accordingly 2.phenyldodecane was generated.

关键词： ionic liquid alkylation mechanism deuteriobenzene isotope exchange method

Stratigraphic thermohistory and its implications for regional geoevolution in the Tarim Basin,NW China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第10期53卷 1495-1505页

作者： WANG TieGuan1,DAI ShiFeng2.LI MeiJun1,ZHANG WeiBiao1,3,Qiu NanSheng1 & WANG GuangLi1 1 state key {2. of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,China 2.state key {2. of Coal Resources & Safe Mining,China University of Mining & Technology,beijing 100083.China 3 Exploration Research Center,Exploration & Development Institute,China Petrochemical Corporation,beijing 100083.China state key {2. of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China state key {2. of Coal Resources & Safe Mining China University of Mining & Technology Beijing China Exploration Research Center Exploration & Development Institute China Petrochemical Corporation Beijing China

Fourteen vitrinite reflectance profiles from the Tarim Basin,NW China,show that the vitrinite reflectance profiles of individual wells follow a faulted and dislocated dual-stage pattern in the eastern section of the Tazhong Uplift and in the Tabei *** reflectance values in these profiles change sharply at the unconformity beneath the Lower Carboniferous Bachu or Upper Devonian Donghetang Formations,where the overlying Triassic to Carboniferous strata are still in a mature phase within the "liquid oil window".However,the underlying Lower Paleozoic reached the overmature phase beyond the "liquid oil window" towards the end of the Silurian,or in the Early Devonian at the *** the vitrinite reflectance profiles are attributed to a continuous,single-stage pattern in the western section of the Tazhong Uplift,in which the Lower Paleozoic is also in an overmature phase,their overmaturity would have been achieved relatively late in geological *** stratigraphic thermohistory has the following implications to regional geoevolution:(1) The overmature Lower Ordovician to Cambrian strata in the eastern section of the Tazhong Uplift and in the Tabei Uplift,as well as in the Manjiaer Depression,could not have acted as the source kitchen for normal oil(so-called black oil);(2. The dissimilarity in vitrinite reflectance profiles between the eastern and western sections of the Tazhong Uplift reveals Early Paleozoic paleotectonic features,i.e.,lower at the east and higher at the west,whereas recent tectonic features formed since the Late Paleozoic are in reverse,i.e.,higher in the east and lower at the west;(3) Reconstruction of the denuded thickness of sediments overlying the Lower Ordovician strata suggests reconsideration on the paleotectonic features in the Tarim Basin;(4) Based on the sustained duration of the "liquid oil window" for overmature source beds,it is predicted that the Suntuoguole Lower Uplift between the Awati and Manjiaer Depressions is a

关键词： vitrinite reflectance profile faulted and dislocated dual-stage pattern paleotectonic features sustained "liquid oil window" period source kitchen

The role of the catalysts with highly dispersed and isolated active sites in the selective oxidation of light hydrocarbons

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第12期15卷 1066-1072页

作者： WANG Hongxuan and ZHAO Zhen state key {2. of Heavy oil Processing,China University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,China state key {2. of Heavy oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

This review summarizes the role of catalysts with highly dispersed and isolated active sites (active sites:supported atoms f≤0.5 %) in the selective oxidation of light hydrocarbons,such as methane,ethane and propane,into oxygenates and the epoxidation of *** plausible structures of the highly dispersed and isolated active species,as well as their effects on the catalytic performances are *** special physico-chemical properties and the functional mechanism of the catalysts with highly dispersed and isolated active sites,as well as the preparation,characterization of the catalysts with highly dispersed and isolated active sites and their applications in other types of reactions of lower hydrocarbons are summarized.

关键词： selective oxidation light hydrocarbons highly dispersed isolated active sites oxygenates catalyst methane ethane propane

Distribution,formation and evolution of sand ridges on the East China Sea shelf

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第3期53卷 822-828页

作者： ZHAO RenBao 1,2.SUN HaiTao 3,WU YaSheng 3 &ZHAO ChuanFeng 1,2.1MOE key laboratory of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,{2. 102.49,China 2.enhanced oil Recovering Research Center,China University of Petroleum,{2. 102.49,China 3Faculty of Natural Resource&Information Technology,China University of Petroleum,{2. 102.49,China MOE key laboratory of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing China enhanced oil Recovering Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing China Faculty of Natural Resource & Information Technology China University of Petroleum Beijing China

Influence of CO2.corrosion on reservoir mineralogical composition,pore structure and their mechanical characteristics was studied using XRD,SEM,rock tri-axial machine and core flow experimental *** was found that the corrosion effect was mainly attributed to rock texture and structure,fluid composition and external dynamical conditions in the experimental *** cores with bedding structures,their bedding surfaces were the preferential corrosion regions,because micro-cracks would evolve at these surfaces in the pressure-releasing ***,for cores with massive structures controlled by stable water environment,the CO2.corrosion would result in pore enlargement and secondary pore *** gas velocity from outlet showed sharp increase in the injection process of CO2.H2. *** could be explained by two changes caused by *** was the opening and closure of *** other was particle *** the corrosion time increased,both tensile strength and compressive strength decreased,which confirmed decrease of cementation *** should also be noted that permeability increase and micro-cracks generation would pose damage to the capacity of CO2.geological storage.

关键词： carbon dioxide geological storage mineralization enhanced oil recovery corrosion

Advanced fluid-typing methods for NMR logging

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Petroleum Science 2011年第2期8卷 163-169页

作者： Xie Ranhong Xiao Lizhi state key {2. of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China key laboratory of Earth Prospecting and Information Technology China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

In recent years, nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） has been increasingly used for fluid- typing in well-logging because of the improved generations of NMR logging tools. This paper first discusses the applicable conditions of two one-dimensional NMR methods： the dual TW method and dual TE method. Then, the two-dimensional （T2. D） and （T2. T1） NMR methods are introduced. These different typing methods for hydrocarbon are compared and analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that the dual TW method is not suitable for identifying a macroporous water layer. The dual TE method is not suitable for typing gas and irreducible water. （T2. T1） method is more effective in typing a gas layer. In an oil-bearing layer of movable water containing big pores, （T2. T1） method can solve the misinterpretation problem in the dual TWmethod between a water layer with big pores and an oil layer. The （T2. T1） method can distinguish irreducible water from oil of a medium viscosity, and the viscosity range of oil becomes wide in contrast with that of the dual TW method. The （T2. D） method is more effective in typing oil and water layers. In a gas layer, when the SNR is higher than a threshold, the （T2. D） method can resolve the overlapping T2.signals of irreducible water and gas that occurs due to the use of the dual TE method. Twodimensional NMR for fluid-typing is an important development of well logging technology.

关键词： NMR logging one-dimensional NMR two-dimensional NMR reservoir evaluation fluidtyping

Episodic fluid movements in superimposed basin:Combined evidence from outcrop and fluid inclusions of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir,Guizhou Province

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 78-87页

作者： XIANG CaiFu1,2.TANG LiangJie1,2.LI RuFeng1,2.& PANG XiongQi1,2.1 Basin and Reservoir Research Center,China University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,China 2.state {2. laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,China Basin and Reservoir Research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing China state key {2. of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China

Combined evidence from the outcrop and the fluid inclusion assemblage (FIA) analysis indicates that there exist two episodes of fluid flow controlled by the tectonic activity. The first episode was recorded mainly in the reservoir rock of the Honghuayuan Formation,representing the fluid flow of hydrocarbon charging. The second episode occurred mainly along the fault systems,representing the fluid move-ment when the ancient oil reservoir was destroyed. The host mineral morphology,homogeneous tem-perature,and salinity of the FIAs record an episodic fluid movement. Characters of high homogenous temperature,low salinity and a quick temperature variation of the first episode fluid flow may indicate an early-stage fluid eruption,and correspondingly,fine-grained calcite was formed. Temperature of the erupted fluid tended to decrease during its mixing with the upper formation fluid and finally had the same temperature as the upper formation. From then on,the temperature was rather steady and fa-vored the growth of the coarse calcite. Due to this character of the temperature variation of the episodic fluid flow,we can use the homogenous temperature of the FIA of the coarse calcite to date the forma-tion and the destruction time of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir. Episodic fluid flow was known for its inhomogeneous trapping,which resulted in the failure of dating according to the burial history. But taking a close look at its temperature variation,we think that the latest stage of fluid flow,characterized by steady {2. temperature and grow of the coarser crystals,can be used for dating. It will be of great value if this method is proved to be effective. The formation and the destruction time of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir were dated to be in the Indosinian Period and the late Yanshan-early Hymalayan Period respectively. This conclusion is in great discrepancy with the common accepted idea that the Majiang ancient oil reservoir was formed and destroyed during the Cal

关键词： Majiang ancient oil reservoir episodic fluid flow marine carbonate rocks superimposed basin