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Properties of mouse retinal ganglion cell dendritic growth during postnatal development

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第6期53卷 669-676页

作者： YANG XiuLan,SHI XiangMing & HE ShiGang state key laboratory of brain and cognitive sciences,institute of biophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china state key laboratory of brain and cognitive sciences Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The property of dendritic growth dynamics during development is a subject of intense ***,we investigated the dendritic motility of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) during different developmental stages,using ex vivo mouse retina explant culture,Semliki Forest Virus transfection and time-lapse *** results illustrated that during development,the dendritic motility underwent a change from rapid growth to a relatively stable state,i.e.,at P0 (day of birth),RGC dendrites were in a highly active state,whereas at postnatal 13 (P13) they were more stable,and at P3 and P8,the RGCs were in an intermediate *** any given developmental stage,RGCs of different types displayed the same dendritic growth rate and *** the mouse is the most popular mammalian model for genetic manipulation,this study provided a methodological foundation for further exploring the regulatory mechanisms of dendritic development.

关键词： retinal ganglion cells dendritic development time-lapse observation

Research progress on Drosophila visual cognition in china

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第3期53卷 374-384页

作者： GUO AiKe1,2,ZHANG Ke1,PENG YueQin1 & XI Wang1 1 institute of Neuroscience,state key laboratory of Neuroscience,Shanghai institutes for Biological sciences,chinese academy of sciences,Shanghai 200031,china 2.state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science,institute of biophysics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Visual cognition,as one of the fundamental aspects of cognitive neuroscience,is generally associated with high-order brain functions in animals and ***,as a model organism,shares certain features of visual cognition in common with mammals at the genetic,molecular,cellular,and even higher behavioral *** learning and memory to decision making,Drosophila covers a broad spectrum of higher cognitive behaviors beyond what we had *** with powerful tools of genetic manipulation in Drosophila,an increasing number of studies have been conducted in order to elucidate the neural circuit mechanisms underlying these cognitive behaviors from a genes-brain-behavior *** goal of this review is to integrate the most important studies on visual cognition in Drosophila carried out in china's Mainland during the last decade into a body of knowledge encompassing both the basic neural operations and circuitry of higher brain function in ***,we consider a series of the higher cognitive behaviors beyond learning and memory,such as visual pattern recognition,feature and context generalization,different feature memory traces,salience-based decision,attention-like behavior,and cross-modal leaning and *** discuss the possible general gain-gating mechanism implementing by dopamine-mushroom body circuit in fly's visual *** hope that our brief review on this aspect will inspire further study on visual cognition in flies,or even beyond.

关键词： Visual invariance recognition visual memory traces feature and context generalization selective attention cross-modality memory integration salience-based decision making

Chronic morphine treatment decreases acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in rats

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 1356-1360页

作者： MENG ZhiQiang1,3, ZHOU DongMing1,2, WANG JianHong1 & MA YuanYe1,2 1state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science, Kunming institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, china 2state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science, institute of biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 3Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The reward-related effects of addictive drugs primarily act via the dopamine system, which also plays an important role in sensorimotor gating. The mesolimbic dopamine system is the common pathway of drug addiction and sensorimotor gating. However, the way in which addictive drugs affect sensorimotor gating is currently unclear. In previous studies, we examined the effects of morphine treatment on sensory gating in the hippocampus. The present study investigated the effects of morphine on sensorimotor gating in rats during chronic morphine treatment and withdrawal. Rats were examined during treatment with morphine for 10 successive days, followed by a withdrawal period. Acoustic startle responses to a single startle stimulus (115 dB SPL) and prepulse inhibition responses were recorded. The results showed that acoustic startle responses were attenuated during morphine treatment, but not during withdrawal. PPI was impaired in the last 2 morphine treatment days, but returned to a normal level during withdrawal.

关键词： morphine treatment sensorimotor gating startle response prepulse inhibition

Configural processing of different topologically structured figures:an ERP Study

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science china(Life sciences) 2009年第12期52卷 1198-1204页

作者： ZHANG JunJun1, ZHU WeiNa2,3,4, DING XiaoJun1, ZHOU ChangLe1, HU XinTian2,3 & MA YuanYe2,3· 1 Lab of Mind, Art and Computation, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, china 2 Kunming institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223, china 3 state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science, institute of biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 1001001, china 4 School of Information science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650223, china Lab of Mind Art and Computation Xiamen University Xiamen China Kunming institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China state key laboratory of brain and cognitive science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Information science Yunnan University Kunming China

According to Chen's theory, topological differences are perceived faster than feature differences in early visual perception. We hypothesized that topological perception is caused by the sensitivity in discriminating figures with and without "holes" . An ERP experiment was conducted utilizing a passive paradigm to investigate the differences in perceiving figures with "hole" and with "no-hole" . The results showed differences in N170 components between figures with "holes" and with "no-holes" . The inversion of the "hole" could influence the latency of N170, but the inversion of the "no-hole" could not, which indicated that global features are processed first in the "hole" perception whilst local features are given priority to the "no-hole" perception. This result was similar to studies concerning face and non-face objects, suggesting a configural processing of the "hole" .

关键词： visual evoked potential topological perception N170

Early ERP effects on the scaling of spatial attention in visual search

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第4期18卷 381-386页

作者： Ya-Nan Niu a,b, Jing-Han Wei a, Yue-Jia Luo a,c, a institute of Psychology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china b Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china c state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, beijing Normal University, 19 Xin-wai Avenue, beijing 100875, china institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University 19 Xin-wai Avenue Beijing 100875 China

This article describes the examination of the spatial ’scaling’ effect of visual attention with the technique of event-related potential (ERP). Eighteen participants were involved in a visual search task in which the cue-target paradigm was used. The search array was three concentric circles consisting of randomly selected English letters that were equally distributed in each circle. The behavioral and ERP data were recorded, respectively. The behavioral results showed that the response time increased and the response accuracy decreased with the increase of precue size. The ERPs amplitude of P1 and N1 components evoked by search array increased with the reduction of precue size. However, the latencies of these ERP components did not show significant differences between conditions. The hierarchical data of both behavioral assessment and ERPs provided evidence for the spatial ’scaling’ effect of visual attention. The amplitudes of P1 and N1 components may be used as indices to examine the effect of spatial ’scaling’. In different tasks, the display-set size of stimuli and the task complexity may be important factors that affect the attention allocation.

关键词： Visual search Spatial attention ‘Scaling’ effect Event-related potential

Response synchronization: New progress in brain-visual information processing

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chinese science Bulletin 1999年第16期44卷 1447-1458页

作者： ZHAO Songnian, XIONG Xiaoyun, YAO Guozheng and GUO Aike1. state key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry , institute of Atmospheric Physics , chinese academy of sciences , beijing 100029, china 2. Commission of the National Natural science Foundation of china , beijing 100083, china 3. The Center of Information science , Peking University, beijing 100871, china 4. Open laboratory of Visual Information Processing , institute of biophysics , chinese academy of sciences , beijing 100101, china state key laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Commission of the National Natural science Foundation of china Beijing China The Center of Information science Peking University Beijing China Open laboratory of Visual Information Processing Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Studies on brain-vision have entered a new stage, after the stimulus-induced y synchronized oscillation of neuron group activities have been discovered in cat primary visual cortex. Naturally, how to understand the visual system became a very important methodological problem. From aspects such as information processing, nonlinear dynamics and neuronal network, some primary problems in vision studies have been deeply discussed, which are

关键词： neuron group (neural population) synchro-oscillation computational theory of vision response synchroniza-tion.

brain structure in diving players on MR imaging studied with voxel-based morphometry

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2009年第10期19卷 1397-1402页

作者： Gaoxia Wei a,Jing Luo a,Youfa Lib a key laboratory of Mental Health,institute of Psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china b National key laboratory of cognitive Neurosciences and Learning,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China National key laboratory of cognitive Neurosciences and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

We adopted professional diving players as a typical subject pool to explore whether structural brain differences relative to motor skill acquisition exist between highly skilled athletes and *** on the voxel-based morphometric(VBM) technique,structural MRIs of the brains of 12 elite diving players with professional training were analyzed and compared with those of control subjects without any professional physical *** players showed significantly increased gray matter density in the thalamus and left pre-central gyrus than control ***,future researches are needed to prove the contribution of preposition and *** also suggests that athletes as the subject pool could form a new subject pool to explore plastic change induced by motor skill acquisition.

关键词： Cortical plasticity Motor skill acquisition Voxel-based morphometry Diving players

Inconspicuous anchoring effects generated by false information

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第11期18卷 1375-1382页

作者： Chen Qu~(a,b) Jun Wang~a Yuejia Luo~(a,c,*) a state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china b Center for studies of Psychological Application,South china Normal University Guangzhou,510631,china c key laboratory of Mental Health,institute of Psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Center for studies of Psychological Application South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China key laboratory of Mental Health Institute of Psychology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The impact of false information on numerical judgments was examined on young normal subjects by an event-related potential(ERP) *** imitate the judgments in real world,we ensured the subjects acknowledged of the target *** behavioral results found that both uncertain information and false information assimilated the final estimates:higher after higher anchors and lower after lower anchors;and false information caused a weaker anchoring bias than uncertain *** results provided further electro- physiological evidence for the mechanism of *** the early phrase,it was an accessibility-dominated process in which two kinds of anchors elicited an N300 component related to the accessibility of anchors *** knowledge relevant to targets joined the process in the late phrase,which caused a larger amplitude of late positive component(LPC)for implausible lower anchors than that for plausible higher *** analysis showed that medial frontal gyrus,whose activity was suggested to signal the need of adjust- ment,was more reliable to explain the LPC elicited by implausible lower ***,we suggest that accessibility is facilitated when the external anchor is consistent with the world knowledge,and adjustment is initiated when the external anchor is inconsistent.

关键词： False anchors Anchoring effects Accessibility Adjustment ERP

Attention and available long-term memory in an activation-based model

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science china(Life sciences) 2010年第6期53卷 743-752页

作者： LIU ZhaoMin1,GUO ChunYan2,3 & LUO Liang4 1 School of Sociology,china University of Political science and Law,beijing 102249,china 2 beijing key laboratory of Learning and Cognition,Department of Psychology,Capital Normal University,beijing 100048,china 3 key laboratory of Mental Health,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 4 state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china School of Sociology China University of Political Science and Law Beijing China beijing key laboratory of Learning and Cognition Department of Psychology Capital Normal University Beijing China key laboratory of Mental Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China state key laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Beijing Normal University Beijing China

The influence of attention on memorizing related items and on available long-term memory (ALTM) was explored,showing that N400 of no-memory items was more negative than that of the memory *** results of the category comparison task indicated that information processing under attention-driven in WM determined the availability of related long-term memory,i.e.,specific content,which was formerly concerned or ignored,yielding different indirect semantic priming *** indicate that the orientation of conceptual attention leads the related representations of LTM to diverse activation patterns,supporting the activation-based model.

关键词： activation-based model attention available long-term memory event-related potentials