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Spatio-temporal carbon isotope variation during the Ediacaran period in South china and its impact on bio-evolution

Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1520-1528页

作者： WANG XinQiang1 & SHI XiaoYing1,2 1 School of Earth Science and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china 2.state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, beijing 100083. china School of Earth Science and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources Beijing China

The Ediacaran period is characterized by the extremely negative carbon isotope anomalies and great biotic evolution in Earth history. At least four negative carbon isotope anomalies have been reported from this interval in South china so far. It is traditionally argued that the isotope variations can be used as a useful tool for global correlation of Ediacaran succession; however, more and more researches argued against this idea. We reviewed the previously published carbon isotope data in South china, and distributed the mean values of a certain time to the paleogeographic maps. The results show that the carbon isotope values (δ13C) vary greatly in different environments, but a clear tendency of becoming lighter from shallow platform to deep basin, with a maximum variation up to 1‰ Moreover, the important changes in Ediacaran biota, marked by the introducing of new taxa or ecologic groups, seemed to always postdate the negative anomalies but coincide with the positive shift. If the negative excursions represented the oxidation of a large dissolved organic carbon (DOC) reservoir in the ocean, the diverse Ediacaran organisms and the carbon isotope anomalies may suggest totally different environments: oxic and anoxic/euxinic. We also suggest that the elimination of euxinic state through precipitation of pyrites is one of the important environment factors in prompting the Ediacaran bio-evolution.

关键词： Ediacaran South china carbon isotope spatio-temporal variations bio-evolution

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The equilibrium between diagenetic calcites and dolomites and its impact on reservoir quality in the sandstone reservoir of Kela 2 gas field

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1051-1058页

作者： Gao Zhiqian1,Yu Bingsong2,3 and Lai Xingyun2,3(1.School of Energy resources,china University of Geosciences,beijing 100083.china 2.state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources,china University of Geosciences,beijing 100083.china 3.Ministry of Education key laboratory of Lithosphere Structure,Deep processes and Exploration Technique,china University of Geosciences,beijing 100083.china) School of Energy resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Ministry of Education key laboratory of Lithosphere Structure Deep Processes and Exploration Technique China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Based on the equilibrium theory of chemical reactions between water and rocks,this paper establishes a thermodynamic phase relationship diagram among calcites,dolomites and water solution under the condition of diagenesis based on the thermodynamic database of related minerals and fluids and dolomite's degree of order *** has been discovered that the equilibrium between calcites and dolomites in the diagenetic environment is strongly impacted by temperature and the Ca/Mg ratios in groundwater,and that the dolomite's degree of order in the diagenetic environment is a function of crystallization temperature and time,not controlled by water ***,the authors make a further analysis of the close relationship of chemical reaction between carbonate cements and pore water in the sandstone reservoirs of Kala 2 gas field in Kuche *** can be seen that there are different impacts on sandstone reservoir quality among the equilibrium system of calcites,dolomites and pore water at different depths of reservoirs.

关键词： diagenesis equilibrium between calcites and dolomites secondary pores Kela 2 gas field

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Multiple Successions of Soliation Development in Shallow Versus Deep Orogenic Regimes and Their Relationship to Regional Folding

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 89-90页

作者： Hui Cao state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources Institute of Land resources and High Techniques,china University of Geosciences(beijing),beijing 100083.china.

With the realization that rocks with a schistosity parallel to bedding(S0 parallel S1)have undergone lengthy histories of deformation that predate the obvious first deformation(*** et al.,2003; Sayab,2006;Yeh,2007)came recognition that large scale regional folds can form early during this process and be preserved throughout orogenesis(e.g.,Ham & Bell,2004;Bell & Newman,2006).This history is lost within the matrix because of reactivational shear

关键词： orogenesis axial planes of folds porphyroblasts foliation intersection/inflection axes(FIAs)

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Late Mesozoic metamorphic core complexes: new constraints on lithosphere thinning in North china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第6期16卷 633-638页

作者： LIU Junlai, GUAN Huimei, JI Mo and HU Ling (state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, and key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china) state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Metamorphic core complexes (mcc’s) are among the most prominent structural styles of lithosphere extension and thinning during late Mesozoic in North china. In this paper, the geometrical, kinematic and age characteristics of some of the mcc’s, e.g. Liaonan, Waziyu (Yiwulushan), Yunmengshan, etc., are discussed. Some common characteristics, such as kinematic polarity, geometric asymmetry, occurrence over a time span, scattered and isolated distribution, and progressive development, can provide direct constraints on the regional lithosphere extension and thinning in North china, which does not favor the prevailing plume model, a general de-lamination model or extensional collapse of overthickened orogenic crust. We argue that several aspects, such as the kinematic polarity at depths during lithosphere extension, gradual break-up of lithosphere plate, relationship between magmatism and regional extension, and coeval activity of mcc’s and Tan Lu fault, should be taken into consideration when constructing a more reasonable model for lithosphere extension and thinning in North china.

关键词： North china late Mesozoic metamorphic core complex lithosphere extension and thinning.

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Mechanism for calcite dissolution and its contribution to development of reservoir porosity and permeability in the Kela 2 gas field,Tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 567-578页

作者： YU BingSong1,3, DONG HailLiang2,3 & RUAN Zhuang1,3 1 state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china 2 Department of Geology, Miami University,Oxford, OH 45056, USA 3 Geomicrobiology laboratory, china University of Geosciences, beijing, 100083. china state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Department of Geology Miami University Geomicrobiology laboratory China University of Geosciences

This study is undertaken to understand how calcite precipitation and dissolution contributes to depth-related changes in porosity and permeability of gas-bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Kela 2 gas field of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern china. Sandstone samples and pore water samples are col-lected from well KL201 in the Tarim Basin. Vertical profiles of porosity, permeability, pore water chem-istry, and the relative volume abundance of calcite/dolomite are constructed from 3600 to 4000 m below the ground surface within major oil and gas reservoir rocks. Porosity and permeability values are in-versely correlated with the calcite abundance, indicating that calcite dissolution and precipitation may be controlling porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Pore water chemistry exhibits a sys-tematic variation from the Na2SO4 type at the shallow depth (3600-3630 m), to the NaHCO3 type at the intermediate depth (3630―3695 m),and to the CaCl2 type at the greater depth (3728―3938 m). The geochemical factors that control the calcite solubility include pH, temperature, pressure, Ca2+ concen-tration, the total inorganic carbon concentration (ΣCO2), and the type of pore water. Thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mass conservation laws are applied to calculate the calcite saturation state as a function of a few key parameters. The model calculation illustrates that the calcite solubility is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of pore water, mainly the concentration difference between the total dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved calcium concentration (i.e., [ΣCO2] -[Ca2+]). In the Na2SO4 water at the shallow depth, this index is close to 0, pore water is near the calcite solubility. Calcite does not dissolve or precipitate in significant quantities. In the NaHCO3 water at the intermedi-ate depth, this index is greater than 0, and pore water is supersaturated with respect to calcite. Massive calcite precipitation was observed at this depth interval and

关键词： calcite dissolution porosity thermodynamic Tarim Basin

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Metallogenic epoch and genesis of the gold deposits in Jiaodong Peninsula, Eastern china: a regional review

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第2期17卷 138-143页

作者： YANG Liqiang, DENG Jun, GE Liangsheng, WANG Qingfei, ZHANG Jing, GAO Bangfei, JIANG Shaoqing and XU Hao ( state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china) state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China. key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Gold deposits are characterized by multi-sources, superimposition, large scale and temporal-spatial concentration in Jiaodong Peninsula, Eastern china. In this paper, we review the history and the development of the study on metallogenic chronology and genesis of gold deposits, summarize the main features of superimposed metallogenesis, provide evidence of the Mesozoic complex metallogenic system, and point out some problems for further research of Jiaodong gold deposit cluster from a regional view. Although gold deposits are different in genetic types, ore-forming materials and geological settings, our research indicates that the accumulation and emplacement of the ore-forming materials are temporally-spatially concentrated on a large scale, and the main metallogenic epoch of Jiaodong gold deposits was concentrated in Mesozoic. Metallogenic chronology and geological-geochemical data indicate that there are two periods of gold mineralizations occurred in 130-110 Ma and 90-80 Ma respectively in Jiaodong ore cluster. The gold deposit cluster results from the superimposition of the polygenetic mineralization, and further study is needed to investigate the formation and evolution of the Mesozoic complex metallogenic system.

关键词： superimposed metallogenic system Mesozoic Jiaodong ore cluster.

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Indian Ocean-MORB-type isotopic signature of Yushigou ophiolite in North Qilian Mountains and its implications

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第6期49卷 561-572页

作者： HOU Qingye1,2, ZHAO Zhidan1,2, ZHANG Hongfei3, ZHANG Benren3 & CHEN Yuelong2 1. state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china 2. School of Earth Science and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china 3. Faculty of Earth Sciences, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China School of Earth Science and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan China

In order to explore the disputed issue concerning the tectonic affinity ofthe ancient ocean mantle of North Qilian Mountains (NQM), geochemical and Sr, Nd, Pb isotopiccompositions of pillow basalts of the Yushigou Ophiolite (YSGO) suite from NQM have been analyzedsystematically. The pillow basalts exhibit tholeiitic characteristics, with flatchondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)_N = 0.98—1.27). They display no Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf negativeanomalies, and show MORB features in 2Nb-Zr/4-Y and Ti/100-Zr-YX3 tectonic discrimination *** results indicate that the Yushigou ophiolite is most likely to be formed in a mid-ocean ridgeor mature back-arc basin. Their isotopic data show a relatively broad and enriched ^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr(0.70509 — 0.70700), restricted ^(143)Nd/^(144)Nd (0.512955-0.512978). Pb isotopes are in the rangeof ^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb (18.054-20.562), ^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb (15.537-15.743) and ^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb(38.068-38.530). These isotopic data imply that the basalts originated from the depleted mantle(DMM), with the involvement of enriched mantle components (mainly EMII). Geochemical comparisonsbetween the basalts in YSGO and the MORB-type basalts of ophiolite suites occurring in the knownancient Tethyan tectonic domain indicate that the ancient oceanic mantle represented by YSGO suiteforming in early Paleozoic in the North Qilian Moutains is very similar to the Tethyan mantle inboth trace elements and isotopic compositions. The North Qilian Mountains should be a part of theTethyan tectonic domain in early Paleozoic. This further implies that the Tethyan tectonic domaincan be deduced to early Paleozoic in the study area, which will be helpful to discussing thetectonic affinity and evolution of the North Qilian Mountains.

关键词： geochemistry, Indian Ocean-MORB-type isotopic signatures, Tethyan tectonic domain, Yushigou ophiolite, North Qilian Mountains.

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SHRIMP U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analyses of Middle Ordovician meta-cumulate gabbro in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 657-664页

作者： ZHAI QingGuo1 WANG Jun1, LI Cai2 & SU Li3 1 Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 100037, china 2 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, china 3 The geological laboratory Center and state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geo- sciences, beijing 100083. china Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun China The geological laboratory Center and state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China

Metabasites consisting of metamorphic ultra-mafic rocks, cumulate gabbro, gabbro (diabase), basalt, and plagiogranite are exposed at the Taoxinghu area in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating for the cumulate gabbro yields a weighted mean age of 467±4 Ma, which is the oldest and most reliable magmatic age in this area. Zircon 176Hf/177Hf ratios range from 0.282615 to 0.282657, with εHf(t) values of 5.02±0.28, indicating that the cumulate gabbro was mainly derived from the depleted mantle. In addition, geochemical data of metabasites suggest that they have similar characteristics to those in the mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). The Taoxinghu metabasites may represent the fragment of Early Paleozoic ophiolite in the "Central Uplift" of the Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Qiangtang cumulate gabbro SHRIMP dating Hf isotope

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Progress in researching into the transition of the Mesozoic tectonic systems in southeast china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第6期16卷 563-572页

作者： YU Xinqi, WU Ganguo, ZHANG Da, ZHANG Xiangxin, DI Yongjun, ZANG Wenshuan, WANG Qunfeng and HUANG Huojian (state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china) state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

This paper presents the latest progress made on the research of Mesozoic tectonic system transition from the E-W paleo-Tethyan tectonic domain into NE-NNE western Pacific domain in southeast china. Tectonism of the west Pacific domain began at middle Jurassic (J2) and formed a set of NE-trending structures, non-coaxially overprinting on E-trending tectonic belts which may be early and coevally produced by the paleo-Tethyan domain. Thus began the tectonic domain transition from the E-trending paleo-Tethyan to the NE-trending Pacific and fully finished at the early Cretaceous. The eastern Nanling area was a junction zone of the transition at middle Jurassic (J2),and ever since the junction zone might obliquely migrate to the coastal region, where is the east part of this study area. To the north of the Nanling area, the Ganjiang Fault Zone was the boundary between two tectonic domains. Corresponding to the transition of tectonic system, the geodynamics of SE china changed from a compressional system to an extensional system, which continued until the end of Mesozoic-Tertiary.

关键词： transition of tectonic system non-coaxial overprint obliquely migrate Mesozoic paleo-Tethyan tectonic domain west Pacific tectonic domain southeast china.

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Research advances in the Mesozoic tectonic regimes during the formation of Jiaodong ore cluster area

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第8期16卷 777-784页

作者： DENG Jun, YANG Liqiang, GE Liangsheng, WANG Qingfei, ZHANG Jing, GAO Bangfei, ZHOU Yinghua and JIANG Shaoqing (state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china key laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology of Ministry of Education, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. china) state key laboratory of geological processes and mineral resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Based on research advances of the tectonic regime in Jiaodong ore cluster area and the related tectonic regime transformation in Mesozoic era in the eastern region of North china, in this paper, we first summarize some key problems required to be studied further on. Then we suggest an approach to dealing with these problems. It is known that the gold deposits in Jiaodong ore cluster area, which are of different mineralization styles, spatial distributions and geological settings, might be as a result from one or more geologic events in Mesozoic. Till now, this kind of research on the temporal evolution and spatial migration sequence, especially on the geodynamic mechanism of the above events, is far from sufficient. Moreover, quantitatively describing the action mode and the temporal-spatial framework of tectonic dynamic regimes and formulating the relative contribution of every tectonic dynamic regime for the metallogensis are still challenges to the geologists studying on the formation of Jiaodong ore cluster area. According to the interpretation of the regional tectonic analysis, the structural dynamics, the observation and the exploration of the mineralization network, we propose a geological-physical-chemical model with some constraints originated from the comprehensive analysis. We then use this model to simulate the coupled processes of the structural deformation, thermal transport, fluid flow and the chemical reaction. The obtained results indicate that the model is efficient in further analyzing the temporal-spatial evolutional trail of the tectonic regime in Jiaodong ore cluster area and in further understanding the nature of the mass metallogensis.

关键词： tectonic regime Mesozoic era Jiaodong ore cluster area genesis metallogenic system.

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