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Discovery of a Late Permian Angara-Cathaysia mixed flora from Acheng of Heilongjiang,china,with discussions on the closure of the Paleoasian Ocean

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第12期52卷 1746-1755页

作者： DENG ShengHui1,2. WAN ChuanBiao3 & YANG JianGuo3 1 research institute of Petroleum {2. and development, petrochina, Beijing 100083, china 2.State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083 china 3 Daqing institute of Petroleum {2. and development, petrochina, Daqing 164712. china research institute of Petroleum {2. and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery Beijing 100083 China Daqing institute of Petroleum exploration and {2. PetroChina Daqing 164712 China

This work documents a new flora from the Upper Permian Hongshan Formation of Acheng County, Heilongjiang Province, Northwest china. The flora consists of 2. species: Paracalamites sp., Pecopteris tangwangheensis Huang, Callipteris obese Huang, Callipteris shenshuensis Huang, C. tangwangheensis Huang, C. heilongjiangensis Huang, C. zeilleri Zalessky, C. sp., Comia yichunensis Huang, C. tenueaxis Huang, Iniopteris sibirica Zalessky, Supaia teiliensis Huang, Compsopteris tchirkovae Zalessky, C. cf. adzvensis Zalessky, Nilssonia sp. 1, Nil. sp. 2. Taeniopteris cf. densissima Halle, T. cf. nystraemii Halle, T. sp. and Noeggerathiopsis derzavinii Neub. It is dominated by Angara species but mixed with some typical Cathaysian elements. The age of the flora is assigned to late of the Late Permian according to the stratigraphic ranges of the known species and the comparisons of it with the similar floras. The new discovery indicates that the final collision between the North china Plate and Siberian Plate occurred in Late Permian along the Xar Moron River-Changchun-Yanji sutured zone, and the Paleoasian Ocean was finally closed at the end of the Permian.

关键词： Late Permian mixed Angara-Cathaysia flora Paleoasian Ocean plate collision Heilongjiang Province of china

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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of Tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2.(1. Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 102.49, china 2. The {2. of Oil and Gas exploration and development, Tarim Oilfield Company, petrochina Company Limited, Korla 841000, china) [a]Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in China Petroleum University Beijing China [b]The institute of Oil and Gas exploration and {2. Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt Tarim basin.

Two conceptual models of displacement transfer and examples

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 900-911页

作者： GUAN Shuwei1,2. WANG Xin2. YANG Shufeng2. HE Dengfa1 & ZHAO Weidong3 1. research institute of Petroleum {2. and development, Beijing 100083, china 2. Department of Geosciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 31002., china 3. Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, china research institute of Petroleum {2. and development Beijing 100083 China Department of Geosciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Tarim Oilfield Company Korla 841000 China

This paper presents two conceptual models of displacement transfer, reverse sym- metry model and infinitely equal division model, based on the fault-bend folding theory. If the fault shape is held constant in the trend, then the distribution of slip magnitude, geometry of imbricate structures and its axial surface map all display reverse symmetry on the process of displacement transfer, as called reverse symmetry model in this paper. However, if the ramp height of thrust fault decreases gradually along its strike, the displacement is postulated to be equally and infinitely divided to every thrust that is formed subsequently, this kinematic process is described using infinitely equal division model. In both models, displacement transfer is characterized by the regular changes of imbricate thrusting in the trend. Geometric analysis indicates that the displacement transfer grads can be estimated using the tangent of deflective angle of hinterland structures. Displacement transfer is often responsible for the distortion and branching of the surface anticlines, especially in the region where the multi-level detachment structures is developed. We also present some examples from the frontal structures of the Southern Tianshan fold-and-thrust belt, Xinjiang, china. Displacement transfer between deep imbricate thrusts in the middle segment of Qiulitag anticline zone causes the Kuqatawu and Southern Qiulitag deep an- ticlines left-lateral echelon. The region, where these two deep anticlines overlap, is characterized by duplex structures, and extends about 18 km. The shallow anticline is migrated southward displaying obvious “S” form in this area.

关键词： displacement transfer fault-bend folding reverse symmetry model infinitely equal division model Qiulitag zone.

Geochemical characteristics of abiogenic alkane gases

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Petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 327-338页

作者： Yunyan Ni Jinxing Dai petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Recently abiogenic alkanes have been found in various locations in the world and other celestial bodies. The chemical composition of abiogenic alkane gases varies widely. The content of methane is low and nearly no C2. is found in the abiogenic alkane gases from fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks or hot springs in china. In the unsedimented submarine hydrothermal vent system C1/C2. ratios are much greater than those for the thermogenic gases, mostly >800 and in some cases up to 8,000. In the Songliao Basin, china, C1/C2. of some abiogenic gases are often less than 150. Abiogenic alkane gases which have been found in nature often have carbon isotopic reversal among C1–C4 alkanes (δ13C1>δ13C2.δ13C3>δ13C4), whereas both regular and reversed hydrogen isotope distribution pattern among C1–C4 alkanes have been reported. The δ13C of abiogenic methane is mainly greater than ?30‰ though laboratory synthesized methane can have δ13C as low as ?57‰, and its δD1 values vary widely and overlap with biogenic gases. High 3He/4He ratios often indicate the addition of mantle-derived helium and are related to abiogenic gases. However, some biogenic gases can also have high 3He/4He ratios up to 8. The CH4/3He end-member is often lower than 106 for abiogenic alkane gases while greater than 1013 for biogenic gases, and the values between these two end-members often reflect the mixing of biogenic and abiogenic gases.

关键词： Abiogenic origin alkane gas carbon isotopic reversal trend geochemical characteristics

Preliminary study on the origin identification of natural gas by the parameters of light hydrocarbon

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 131-139页

作者： HU GuoYi 1,2.3 ,LI Jian 1,2.,LI Jin 1,2.,LI ZhiSheng 1,2.,LUO Xia 1,2.,SUN QingWu 1,2.&MA ChengHua 1,2.1 research institute of Petroleum {2. and development(Langfang Branch),petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 2.The Key Laboratory of Gas Formation and development,petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3 College of Geo-Resources and Information,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.00,china petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang Branch Langfang 065007 Peoples R China petrochina Key Lab Gas Format & Dev Langfang 065007 Peoples R China china Univ Petr Coll Georesources & Informat Beijing 102200 Peoples R China

The light hydrocarbon composition of 2.9 natural gas samples and individual light hydrocarbon carbon isotopes of 53 natural gas samples from typical humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas in the four basins of china have been determined and *** identification parameters for humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas are proposed or *** differences of compound-specificδ13C value of individual light hydrocarbon between humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas have been *** humic-sourced gas has the distribution ofδ13C benzene > -2.‰,δ13C toluene >-2.‰,δ13C cyclohexane >-2.‰andδ13C methyl cyclohexane >-2.‰,while the sapropelicsourced gas has the distribution ofδ13C benzene 2.‰,δ13C toluene 2.‰,δ13C cyclohexane 2.‰and δ13C methyl cyclohexane 2.‰.Among the components of C7 light hydrocarbon compound,such as normal heptane(nC7),methyl cyclohexane(MCH)and dimethyl cyclopentane(ΣDMCP),etc,relative contents of nC7 and MCH are influenced mainly by the source organic matter type of natural ***,it is suggested that the gas with relative content of nC7 of more than 30%and relative content of MCH of less than 70%is sapropelic-sourced gas,while gas with relative content of nC7 of less than 35%and relative content of MCH of more than 50%is humic-sourced *** components of C5-7 aliphatics, the gas with relative content of C5-7 normal alkane of more than 30%is sapropelic-sourced gas,while the gas with relative content of C5-7 normal alkane of less than 30%is humic-sourced *** paremeters have been suggested to identify humic-sourced gas and sapropelic-sourced gas.

关键词： natural gas humic-sourced gas sapropelic-sourced gas carbon isotope light hydrocarbon parameters

Biogas charging and dissipating process and its accumulation in the Sebei gasfield,Qaidam Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 36-44页

作者： JIN Qiang 1,CHENG FuQi 1,2.,SU AiGuo 3 ,ZHU GuangYou 3 ,WANG Li 1 &CAO Qian 1 1 china University of Petroleum,Dongying,Shandong 2.7061,china 2.Geological {2. of Shengli Oilfield,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong 2.7015,china 3 Petroleum exploration and development {2.,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china china Univ Petr Shandong 257061 Peoples R China SINOPEC Geol Inst Shengli Oilfield Shandong 257015 Peoples R China petrochina Petr Explorat & Dev Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The Sebei gasfield is the largest biogas accumulation found in china and many reservoirs and seal rocks superposed on a syndepositional anticline in *** biogas charging and dissipating process and its distribution have been a research focus for many *** authors suggest a diffusing and accumulating model for the biogas,as they find that the shallower the gas producer,the more methane in the biogas,and the lighter stable carbon isotope composition of *** on the diffusing model,diffused biogas is quantitatively estimated for each potential sandy reservoir in the gasfield,and the gas charging quantity for the sandy reservoir is also calculated by the diffused gas quantity plus gas reserve in-place.A ratio of diffusing quantity to charging quantity is postulated to describe biogas accumulating state in a sandy reservoir,if the ratio is less than 0.6,the reservoir forms a good gas-pool and high-production layer in the gasfield,which often occurs in the reservoirs deeper than 900 m;if the ratio is greater than 0.6,a few gas accumulated in the reservoir,which frequently exists in the reservoirs shallower than 900 ***,a biogas accumulation model is built up as lateral direct charging from gas source for the sands deeper than 900 m and indirect charging from lower gas-bearing sands by diffusion at depth shallower than 900 *** this charging and diffusion quantitative model,the authors conducted re-evaluation on each wildcat in the central area of the Qaidam Basin,and found many commercial biogas layers.

关键词： biogas charging and diffusing model relative dissipated quantity Qaidam Basin

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华北东部盆地油气勘探潜力与发展方向

石油学报 2003年第4期24卷 7-12页

作者：王毓俊田在艺中国海洋石油勘探研究院河北高碑店074010 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

华北东部盆地是典型的多旋回叠加改造型盆地 ,中上元古界、下古生界、上古生界、中生界和新生界普遍具有生烃潜力和储盖组合条件。漫长的地质演化和新生代构造断裂活动形成了上第三系至太古界多层系多类型的油气藏 ,在凹陷、凸起的各部... 详细信息

华北东部盆地是典型的多旋回叠加改造型盆地 ,中上元古界、下古生界、上古生界、中生界和新生界普遍具有生烃潜力和储盖组合条件。漫长的地质演化和新生代构造断裂活动形成了上第三系至太古界多层系多类型的油气藏 ,在凹陷、凸起的各部位 ,分布着大型油气聚集带。根据盆地历史演化、勘探程度差异性及油气发现的特点 ,对华北东部盆地油气勘探潜力进行了分析。在该地区应着重研究多勘探层系、勘探程度的差异性和地质理论的新进展 ,充分挖掘各探区内各单元的油气资源潜力 ,第三系深层、前第三系、滩海和浅海应是华北东部盆地 2

关键词：华北东部多旋回叠加盆地多层系油气藏第三系深层前第三系滩海浅海勘探潜力

Primary migration and secondary alteration of the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir in Ordos Basin,china―Application of fluid inclusion gases

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 165-173页

作者： GONG Se 1,2.,PENG PingAn 1 ,SHUAI YanHua 3 ,DAI JinXing 3 &ZHANG WenZheng 4 1 Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 2.Common Wealth Scientific and {2. Organization,Petroleum Resources,PO Box 136,North Ryde,New South Wales,1670,Australia 3 {2. institute of Petroleum exploration and development,petrochina,Beijing 100083,china 4 {2. institute of exploration and development,Changqing Petroleum Corporation,Xi’an 71002.,china Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Common Wealth Scientific and research Organization Petroleum Resources PO Box 136 North Ryde New South Wales 1670 Australia research institute

The composition of fluid inclusions(FI)often represents the initial geochemical characteristics of palaeo-fluid in reservoir *** on composition and carbon isotopic composition of gas during primary migration,reservoir-forming and subsequent secondary alterations are discussed through comparing fluid inclusion gas with coal-formed gas and natural gas in present gas reservoirs in the Ordos *** results show that primary migration of gas has significant effect on the molecular but not on the carbon isotopic composition of *** and diffusion fractionation took place during the secondary migration of gas in Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir according to carbon isotopic composition of methane in *** and carbon isotopic composition of natural gas were nearly unchanged after the gas reservoir forming through comparing the FI gases with the natural gas in present gas reservoir.

关键词： secondary alteration fluid inclusion carbon isotope Ordos Basin

Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2. Zhao Hong2.3, Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2.3, Xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2.3 and Zhang Bin1,4(1. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, china National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083, china 2. Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 43402., china 3. Key Laboratory of exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 43402., china 4. Petroleum Geology Central Laboratory, research institute of Petroleum exploration and development, petrochina, Beijing 100083, china) Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Key Laboratory of exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Petroleum Geology Central Laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13 hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13 compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13 alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02.0.58 minutes. Totally 2.6 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC Key Laboratory Crude Oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13 hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil