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Calculating soil moisture by remote sensing and analyzing hydrologic cycle process in the Yellow River basin

Science china(Technological Sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 1-13页

作者： YANG Shengtian1 & LIU Changming1, 2.1. School of Environmental Sciences, beijing Normal university, beijing 100875, china 2. Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources research, beijing 100101, china beijing Normal Univ Sch Environm Sci Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Beijing 100101 Peoples R China

Based on the AVHRR pathfinder remote sensing data, soil moisture, precipitation and evaporation during the period of 1982.1998, soil moisture of all layers of soil-profile (0—1 m) in the Yellow River basin over the 17 years are calculated by the remote sensing model of calculating soil water. The Yellow River basin is divided into seven subcatchments as control sections at the location of six hydrologic stations (Lanzhou, Toudaoguai, Longmen, Sanmenxia, Huayuankou and Lijin). After calculating soil moisture and obtaining runoff data and precipitation data, the dynamical features of hydrological cycle in the Yellow River basin are analyzed for the period from 1982.to 1988 using water balance method. The conclusions are as follows: It is feasible to calculate the soil water on the macro-scale, in the soil profile with temporal continuity by means of remote sensing and survey in land. Some values of the key water cycle factors in the Yellow River are obtained, which include the annual precipitation of 4000 km3, the evapotranspiration of 3000-3500 km3, and the soil moisture transformation of ?500- 500 km3. Consequently, we analyzed the process of the water cycle in the Yellow River over the 17 years, and the results show that the segment upstream of Lanzhou city is a relatively humid region, and the area of internal waters and the reaches of Shanshan is the most desiccated region. Therefore, the runoff in the depth process is intensive and the runoff-generating process is weak in more arid regions.

关键词： the Yellow River, soil moisture, remote sensing, hydrologic cycle.

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A user-space file system for on-demand legacy desktop software

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第6期54卷 1142-1150页

作者： ZHANG YouHui 1,2., SU GeLin 1,2.& ZHENG WeiMin 1,2.1 Department of Computer Science and Technology, tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2. 2.tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2. 1. Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China2. Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Some user-level virtualization technologies have been used to convert legacy software (like the existing Windows desktop applications) into the on-demand software without any modification. To give the client a friendly and compatible method to access on-demand legacy software across the Internet, this paper presents a clientend file system for this usage case. It is a Windows user-space file system based on the cloud storage (where the on-demand software is stored), which converts the local file system accesses into remote visits. Quite a few optimizations are adopted and adjusted to suit the file-access-pattern of on-demand software, including the local cache, metadata/data/software prefetch and content-addressable storage (CAS), to decrease the number of remote visits and/or to overlap IO (input/output) operations with software execution. Detailed access-pattern analyses are also presented. This file system has been implemented and tests show that it is practical for much daily-used software-a local cache of limited size can provide up to 80% hit ratio and the corresponding overhead of running-time is about 37%. Owing to this method, on any compatible and networked computer, a user can use his/her personalized software conveniently although it does not exist on the local host.

关键词： on-demand software software as a service user-space file system cloud storage

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Interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation and its influence on East Asian climate during boreal winter and spring

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 554-560页

作者： FAN Ke1,2.3 & WANG Huijun2.1. Nansen-Zhu International research center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 10002., china 2. Department of Atmospheric Science, Yunnan university, Kunming 650091, china 3. Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100049, china 1. Nansen-Zhu International research center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China 3. Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) and its influence on East Asian climate during both boreal winter and spring are addressed. The results show that the positive AAO anomaly decreases the cold activity over East Asia during both boreal winter and spring. AAO-related barotropic meridional teleconnection from Antarctic to Arctic is found through analysis of mean me- ridional circulations. This meridional teleconnection is remarkable over Eurasia during boreal winter and over the Pacific Ocean during boreal spring. The results also show that zonal mean zonal wind at high latitudes in Southern Hemisphere has well positive correlation with that of Eurasia during boreal winter and has negative correlation with Pacific North American teleconnection (PNA) during boreal spring, which again display the meridional teleconnection. Thus, local meridional teleconnection is a possible linkage for interaction of circulations at mid-high latitudes between both hemispheres.

关键词： Antarctic Oscillation, Eurasian west wind, meridional teleconnection, mean meridional circulation.

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Structure and kinematic analysis of a novel 2.DOF translational parallel robot

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1213-1219页

作者： Chen Tao1, Wu Chao2.and Liu Xinjun2.1. School of Application Science and Technology, Harbin university of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, china 2. Department of Precision Instruments, {2., beijing 100084, china) School of Application Science and Technology Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150080 China Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This paper addresses the analysis of a novel parallel robot with 2.translational degrees of freedom (DOFs). The robot can position a rigid body in a plane with constant orientation. The kinematic structure of the robot is first described in detail. Some kinematic problems, such as the inverse and forward kinematics, velocity, and singularity are then analyzed. The working and assembly modes are discussed. Since it is the most important index to design a robot, the workspace of the robot is studied systematically in this paper. Based on the analysis of reachable workspace and singularity, a kind of workspace concept characterizing the region that the end-effector of the robot can reach in practice is defined. The results of this paper will be very useful for the design and application of the robot.

关键词： parallel robot degree of freedom kinematics workspace.

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Integrative inversion of land surface component temperature

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2011-2019页

作者： FAN Wenjie1 & XU Xiru1,2.1. Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Peking university, beijing 100871, {2. 2. center of Remote Sensing and GIS of beijing Normal university, beijing 100875, {2. 1. Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System Peking University 100871 Beijing China 2. center of Remote Sensing and GIS of beijing Normal {2. 100875 Beijing China

In this paper, the row winter wheat was selected as the example to study the com-ponent temperature inversion method of land surface target in detail. The result showed that the structural pattern of row crop can affect the inversion precision of component temperature evi-dently. Choosing appropriate structural pattern of row crop can improve the inversion precision significantly. The iterative method combining inverse matrix was a stable method that was fit for inversing component temperature of land surface target. The result of simulation and field ex-periment showed that the integrative method could remarkably improve the inversion accuracy of the lighted soil surface temperature and the top layer canopy temperature, and enhance inver-sion stability of components temperature. Just two parameters were sufficient for accurate at-mospheric correction of multi-angle and multi-spectral thermal infrared data: atmospheric trans-mittance and the atmospheric upwelling radiance. If the atmospheric parameters and component temperature can be inversed synchronously, the really and truly accurate atmospheric correction can be achieved. The validation using ATSRII data showed that the method was useful.

关键词： components temperature, inverse pattern, atmospheric correction

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Episodic fluid movements in superimposed basin:Combined evidence from outcrop and fluid inclusions of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir,Guizhou Province

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 78-87页

作者： XIANG CaiFu1,2.TANG LiangJie1,2.LI RuFeng1,2.& PANG XiongQi1,2.1 Basin and Reservoir research center,{2. university of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,{2. 2.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,{2. university of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,{2. 1. Basin and Reservoir research center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Combined evidence from the outcrop and the fluid inclusion assemblage (FIA) analysis indicates that there exist two episodes of fluid flow controlled by the tectonic activity. The first episode was recorded mainly in the reservoir rock of the Honghuayuan Formation,representing the fluid flow of hydrocarbon charging. The second episode occurred mainly along the fault systems,representing the fluid move-ment when the ancient oil reservoir was destroyed. The host mineral morphology,homogeneous tem-perature,and salinity of the FIAs record an episodic fluid movement. Characters of high homogenous temperature,low salinity and a quick temperature variation of the first episode fluid flow may indicate an early-stage fluid eruption,and correspondingly,fine-grained calcite was formed. Temperature of the erupted fluid tended to decrease during its mixing with the upper formation fluid and finally had the same temperature as the upper formation. From then on,the temperature was rather steady and fa-vored the growth of the coarse calcite. Due to this character of the temperature variation of the episodic fluid flow,we can use the homogenous temperature of the FIA of the coarse calcite to date the forma-tion and the destruction time of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir. Episodic fluid flow was known for its inhomogeneous trapping,which resulted in the failure of dating according to the burial history. But taking a close look at its temperature variation,we think that the latest stage of fluid flow,characterized by steady state temperature and grow of the coarser crystals,can be used for dating. It will be of great value if this method is proved to be effective. The formation and the destruction time of the Majiang ancient oil reservoir were dated to be in the Indosinian Period and the late Yanshan-early Hymalayan Period respectively. This conclusion is in great discrepancy with the common accepted idea that the Majiang ancient oil reservoir was formed and destroyed during the Cal

关键词： Majiang ancient oil reservoir episodic fluid flow marine carbonate rocks superimposed basin

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Real-time reliability prediction for dynamic systems with both deteriorating and unreliable components

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Science in china(Series F) 2009年第11期52卷 2234-2246页

作者： XU ZhengGuo1,2. JI YinDong2.3 & ZHOU DongHua1,2. 1 Department of Automation, tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2. 2.tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology, tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2. 3 research Institute of Information Technology (RIIT), tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2. Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China research Institute of Information Technology (RIIT) Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

As an important technology for predictive maintenance, failure prognosis has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. Real-time reliability prediction is one effective solution to failure prognosis. Considering a dynamic system that is composed of normal, deteriorating and unreliable components, this paper proposes an integrated approach to perform real-time reliability prediction for such a class of systems. For a deteriorating component, the degradation is modeled by a time-varying fault process which is a linear or approximately linear function of time. The behavior of an unreliable component is described by a random variable which has two possible values corresponding to the operating and malfunction conditions of this component. The whole proposed approach contains three algorithms. A modified interacting multiple model particle filter is adopted to estimate the dynamic system＇s state variables and the unmeasurable time-varying fault. An exponential smoothing algorithm named the Holt＇s method is used to predict the fault process. In the end, the system＇s reliability is predicted in real time by use of the Monte Carlo strategy. The proposed approach can effectively predict the impending failure of a dynamic system, which is verified by computer simulations based on a three-vessel water tank system.

关键词： reliability failure prognostics dynamic systems fault prediction particle filtering interacting multiple model exponential smoothing,predictive maintenance

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Local segment-shared protection based on source egress gateway selection for multi-domain optical mesh networks

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第2期54卷 227-235页

作者： ZHANG ShengFeng1,3, PENG YunFeng1,2. DU Shu1, YANG XiaoLong1,2.& LONG KePing1,2.1research center for Optical Internet and Mobile Information {2.s, university of Electronic Science and Technology of china, Chengdu 611731, china 2.nstitute of Advanced {2. Technology and New Serives (ANTS), university of Science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china 3research center for Optical Internet {2.s, Chongqing university of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, china 1. research center for Optical Internet and Mobile Information {2.s University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China3. Research Center for Optical Internet Networks Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China2. Institute of Advanced Network Technology and New Serives (ANTS) University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Survivability for multi-domain optical networks is becoming a key parameter due to expanding network. In order to provide the shared-path-protected lightpath in multi-domain optical mesh networks, we propose a protection solution, called GSLSSP. A new source egress gateway selecting mechanism is adopted in this solution. For each connection request, this mechanism can enable the source node to select a better egress gateway node to the destination domain and compute one inter-domain working path near the optimal path with the cooperating of this gateway node, under scalability and domain privacy constraint of multi-domain networks. And then one intra-domain link-disjoint local segment-backup path for each working-segment path is computed out in each single-domain passed by the working path. Simulation evaluation shows that the proposed scheme can provide 100% protection ability for multiple failures. Besides, it is effective in multi-domain path protection with more efficient resource utilization, lower blocking probabilities and less inter-domain cost than other schemes.

关键词： survivability optical mesh networks multi-domains multiple failures segment-shared protection

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Polynomial analysis of canopy spectra and biochemical component content inversion

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1780-1791页

作者： YAN Chunyan1, LIU Qiang1, NIU Zheng1, WANG Jihua2. HUANG Wenjiang2.& LIU Liangyun 2.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal university, beijing 100101, china 2. National Engineering research center for Information Technology in Agriculture, beijing 100089, china State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal university beijing china National Engineering research center for Information Technology in Agriculture {2. china

A polynomial expression model was developed in this paper to describe directional canopy spectra, and the decomposition of the polynomial expression was used as a tool for re-trieving biochemical component content from canopy multi-angle spectra. First, the basic formula of the polynomial expression was introduced and the physical meaning of its terms and coeffi-cients was discussed. Based on this analysis, a complete polynomial expression model and its decomposition method were given. By decomposing the canopy spectra simulated with SAILH model, it shows that the polynomial expression can not only fit well the canopy spectra, but also show the contribution of every order scattering to the whole reflectance. Taking the first scattering coefficients a10 and a01 for example, the test results show that the polynomial coefficients reflect very well the hot spot phenomenon and the effects of viewing angles, LAI and leaf inclination angle on canopy spectra. By coupling the polynomial expression with leaf model PROSPECT, a canopy biochemical component content inversion model was given. In the simulated test, the canopy multi-angle spectra were simulated by two different models, SAILH and 4-SCALE re-spectively, then the biochemical component content was retrieved by inverting the coupled polynomial expression + PROSPECT model. Results of the simulated test are promising, and when applying the algorithm to measured corn canopy multi-angle spectra, we also get relatively accurate chlorophyll content. It shows that the polynomial analysis provides a new method to get biochemical component content independent of any specific canopy model.

关键词： polynomial expression, canopy spectra, decomposition, biochemical component content, inversion.

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The relativistic consistent angular-momentum projected shell model study of the N=Z nucleus ^(52.Fe

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第10期52卷 1471-1476页

作者： LI YanSong1,2.& LONG GuiLu1,2.1 Department of Physics,tsinghua university,beijing 100084,{2. 2.center of Nuclear Theory,National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou,Lanzhou 730000,{2. 1. Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 2. center of Nuclear Theory National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Accelerator of Lanzhou Lanzhou 730000 China

The relativistic consistent angular-momentum projected shell model(ReCAPS) is used in the study of the structure and electromagnetic transitions of the low-lying states in the N=Z nucleus *** model calculations show a reasonably good agreement with the *** backbending at 12. is reproduced and the energy level structure suggests that neutron-proton interactions play important roles.

关键词： ReCAPS relativistic mean field angular-momentum projection method 52.e neutron-proton interaction

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