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Speciation of the elements and compositions on the surfaces of dust storm particles:The evidence for the coupling of iron with sulfur in aerosol during the long-range transport

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第8期50卷 738-744页

作者： ZHANG Xingying1,2. ZHUANG Guoshun1,2.3. CHEN Jianmin2.& XUE Huaxin2.1. center for Atmospheric Environment Study, Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, {2. 2. center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Department of Environ- mental Science and Engineering, Fudan university, Shanghai 2.043., {2. 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, NZC/LAPC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., {2. center for Atmospheric Environment Study Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China LAPC/NZC Institute of Atmospheric Physics NZC/LAPC Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The speciation of the elements on the surface of the particles collected during dust storm and non-dust storm in Beijing and Inner Mongolia was studied by XPS. The ma- jor species of iron on the surface were oxides, sulfate, silicate, FeOOH and minor part sorbed on SiO2.Al2.3. Sulfate is the dominant species of sulfur on the surface. SiO2.and Al2.3.are the main components of Si and Al on the surface respectively. One of the most important findings was that the Fe(II) (FeS and FeSO4) produced could account for up to 44.3. and 45.6% of the total Fe on the surface in the aerosol sample collected at that night and next day of the “peak” time of the dust storm occurring on March 2., 2.02. while Fe2.SO4)3. one of the Fe(III) species on the surface decreased from 67.1% to 49.5% and 48.0% respectively. Both S and Fe en- riched on the surface of aerosol particles. Fe(II) accounted for 1.3.?5.3. of total Fe in bulk aerosol samples during dust storm. These results provided strong evidence to sup- port the hypothesis of the coupling between iron and sulfur in aerosols during the long-range transport, which would have important impact on the global biogeochemical cycle.

关键词：物种形成原理 XPS 大气悬浮物 Fe-S结合粒子集合

The quantification of remote sensing

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 1-11页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2.3.TIAN Guoliang1,2. LI Xiaowen1,2.& GUO Jianning4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal {3., Beijing 100101, china 2. The {2. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101, china 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 4. china {2. for Resource Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 10083., china Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Inst Natl Rech Agron F-84914 Avignon France china Ctr Resource Satellite Data & Applicat Beijing 100830 Peoples R China

The paper firstly defined the remote sensing information quantification, analyzed the necessity of developing remote sensing quantification, figured out the application guidelines requirement, and pointed out the importance of quantification research. Then taking the remote sensing application research of CBERS-02.data quantification as the example, the paper described the whole quantification system of “remotely sensed digital signal-radiation information-field parameter inversion”. Finally the paper gave the prospect for the development trend of the quantitative remote sensing.

关键词： remote sensing information quantification CBERS-02 radiometric calibration surface parame- ter reversion.

Molecular dynamics simulation of kink in 〈100〉 edge dislocation in body centred cubic iron

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第16期52卷 2291-2296页

作者： CHEN LiQun1,2.WANG ChongYu2.3.4 & YU Tao2.1 College of Sciences,Central South {3. of Forestry & Technology,Changsha 410004,china 2.Central Iron and Steel {2. Institute,Beijing 100081,china 3.Department of Physics,Tsinghua {3.,Beijing 100084,china 4 International center for Materials Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,china College of Sciences Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha 410004 China

Using the molecular dynamics method,we have constructed two kink models corresponding to the 〈100〉{010} and 〈100〉{011} edge dislocations (EDs) in body centred cubic (bcc) Fe. It is found that the geometric structure of a kink depends on the type of edge dislocation and the structural energies of the atoms sites in the dislocation core region. The formation energies,migration energies and widths of the kinks in different types of EDs are calculated. The results show that formation and migration of the kink in the 〈100〉{010} edge dislocation are difficult. The 〈100〉{011} edge dislocation moves primarily through kink nucleation,rather than kink migration.

关键词：分子动力学边缘位移铁纽结结构

Dispersion of ventricular mRNA of RyR2.and SERCA2.associated with arrhythmogenesis in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第6期25卷 36-41页

作者： Hong-lan WANG, De-zai DAI2. Feng GAO3. Yan-pin ZHANG3. Feng LU research Division of Pharmacology, china Pharmaceutical {2., Nanjing 2.0009, china 3.aboratorial center ofMedicine, Southeast {2., Nanjing 2.0009, china research Division of Pharmacology China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China

AIM: To investigate the effect of CPU86017 on the changes of mRNA abundance of different calcium handling system in infarcted heart. METHODS: Rats were subjected to left coronary ligation to induce myocardial infarc- tion (MI). The treatment with either propranolol (Pro) 5 mg/kg ip or CPU86017 1, 2. and 4 mg/kg ip was initiated on the next day of operation and continued for 2. d. Medication with isoproterenol (Isop) 3.mg/kg sc started on the d 17-2.. Ventricular mRNA abundance of ryanodine receptor 2.(RyR2., sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2.-ATPase (SERCA2., L-type Ca2. channel, and Na+/Ca2.exchanger (NCX1) were measured. RESULTS: Arrhythmic scores (AS) in the Isop group was raised up to 5.2.±1.75 (P2.2.±2.04 and sham group 1.50±1.73. The AS was depressed by Pro (1.63.1.53. P2.and 4 mg/kg (3.00±1.2., and 1.70±1.85, P2. and SERCA2.was associated with an increase in AS in Isop group, and it was much depressed in the left than the right ventricle. The dispersion and depression of mRNA were restored significantly by Pro and CPU86017, asso- ciated with suppression on AS. In Isop group, the mRNA abundance of L-type Ca2. channel was not changed; and a moderate increase in the mRNA of NCX1 was seen, the changes were regressed by Pro and CPU86017. CONCLUSION: Isop-induced arrhythmogenesis in MI heart was correlated mainly with a dispersion of depressed mRNA abundance in ventricle likely due to the consequence of PKA over-phosphorylation. A suppression of arrhythmia by Pro and CPU86017 resulted from a regression of the dispersion and depression of RyR2.and SERCA2.

关键词： myocardial infarction isoproterenol arrhythmia calcium 4-chlorobenzyltetrahydroberberine

Study on attribute characterization for reservoir dynamic monitoring by seismic

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 218-225页

作者： CHEN XiaoHong1,3.LI JingYe2.3.& ZHAO Wei4 1 Key Lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC,china Petroleum university,Beijing 102.49,china 2.Basin & Reservoir research center,china Petroleum university,Beijing 102.49,china 3.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china university of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,china 4 research center of CNOOC,Beijing 10002.,china 1. Key Lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC China Petroleum University Beijing 102249 China 3. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China 2. Basin & Reservoir research center China Petroleum University Beijing 102249 China 4. research center of CNOOC Beijing 100027 China

Study on characterizing reservoir parameters dynamic variations by time-lapse seismic attributes is the theoretical basis for effectively distinguishing reservoir parameters variations and conducting time-lapse seismic interpretation,and it is also a key step for time-lapse seismic application in real oil fields. Based on the rock physical model of unconsolidated sandstone,the different effects of oil saturation and effective pressure variations on seismic P-wave and S-wave velocities are calculated and analyzed. Using numerical simulation on decoupled wave equations,the responses of seismic amplitude with different offsets to reservoir oil saturation variations are analyzed,pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes differences for oil saturation and effective pressure variations of P-P wave and P-S converted wave are calculated,and time-lapse seismic AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset) response rules of P-P wave and P-S converted wave to effective pressure and oil saturation variations are compared. The theoretical modeling study shows that it is feasible to distinguish different reservoir parameters dynamic variations by pre-stack time-lapse seismic information,including pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes and AVO information,which has great potential in improving time-lapse seismic interpreta-tion precision. It also shows that the time-lapse seismic response mechanism study on objective oil fields is especially important in establishing effective time-lapse seismic data process and interpreta-tion scheme.

关键词： time-lapse seismic dynamic monitoring rock physical model pre-stack attribute Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO)

Effect of surface nanocrystallization on the corrosion behavior of Zircaloy-4

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2009年第8期52卷 2227-2231页

作者： ZHU YuTao1,2.& ZHANG XiYan1,2.3.1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing university, Chongqing 400045, {3. 2.National Engineering {2. center for Magnesium Alloys, Chongqing university, Chongqing 400044, {3. 3.School of Physical Science and Engineering Technology, Guangxi university, Nanning 53.004, {3. 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400045 China 2. National Engineering research center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China 3. School of Physical Science and Engineering Technology Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China

The contrastive corrosion experiments between surface nanocrystallined Zircaloy-4 and coarse-grained Zircaloy-4 under the condition of 673.K/10.3.MPa in pure water are carried out, and the microstructure of oxide films has been studied. The results indicate that the growth rate of oxide films formed on the nanocrystalline Zircaloy-4 is lower than that of oxide films formed on the coarse-grained Zircaloy-4. Simultaneously, the oxide/metal interface of the former is more regular and glossy than that of the latter. For nanocrystalline Zircaloy-4, the low oxygen diffusion rate through the oxide/metal interface can hinder the reaction of oxygen ion with metal ion. Furthermore, more tetragonal ZrO2.are observed in the oxide films, which can delay the martensite phase transition from tetragonal to monoclinic phase in oxide films.

关键词： nanocrystalline Zircaloy oxide film microstructure

The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation:application to the Silurian in the Tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2008年第1期5卷 13-19页

作者： Meng Qingyang Pang Xiongqi Gao Jianbo State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Basin and Reservoir research center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China research center CNOOC Beijing 100027 China

The multi-factor recombination and processes superimposition model for hydrocarbon accumulation is put forward in view of the hydrocarbon geological characteristics of multiple episodes of structural evolution, multiple sets of source-reservoir-seal assemblage, multiple cycles of hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple episodes of readjustment and reconstruction in the complex superimposed basins in china. It is a system including theories and methods that can help to predict favorable exploration regions. According to this model, the basic discipline for hydrocarbon generation, evolution and distribution in the superimposed basins can be summarized in multi-factor recombination, processes superimposition, multiple stages of oil filling and latest stage preservation. With the Silurian of the Tarim basin as an example, based on the reconstruction of the evolution history of the four factors （paleo-anticline, source rock, regional cap rock and kinematic equilibrium belt） controlling hydrocarbon accumulation, this model was adopted to predict favorable hydrocarbon accumulation areas and favorable exploration regions following structural destruction in three stages of oil filling, to provide guidance for further exploration ofoil and gas in the Silurian of the Tarim basin.

关键词： Multi-factor recombination processes superimposition Tarim Basin Silurian favorable exploration region prediction

Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02.data

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1,2. LIU Qinhuo1, TANG Yong1,3. TIAN Guoliang1, GU Xingfa1, LI Xiaowen1,2. ZHENG Hongsheng4 & CHEN Jiayi4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china 2. research {2. for Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, china 3. Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., china 4. Department of Atmospheric Physics, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China4. Department of Atmospheric Physics Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1km resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02.data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, china in the autumn of 2.04. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.

A distributed hydrological model with its application to the Jinghe watershed in the Yellow River Basin

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 60-71页

作者： WANG Zhonggen1, ZHENG Hongxing1, LIU Changming1, , WU Xianfeng2.2.& ZHAO Weimin3.1. Key Laboratory of Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Science and Natural Resources research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, {3. 2. Institute of Environmental Science, Beijing Normal {2., Beijing 100875, {3. 3. Water Resources Conservation Committee of Yellow River, Zhengzhou 450003. {3. Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Water Cycle & Related Land Surface Proc Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Inst Environm Sci Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Water Resources Conservat Comm Yellow River Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

For the purpose of water resources management in the Yellow River Basin with highly spatial difference, a daily distributed hydrological model was proposed, of which the determination of spatially-distributed parameters and model inputs processing were performed by means of GIS/RS. In the model, the computation of runoff yield was based on the topography index method and flow routing was modeled by Maskingum method. The operation of the model is followed by means of “command structure” technique based upon the topography of river network. A case study using the model was conducted for the Jinghe watershed, which locates at the middle Yellow River Basin. The simulation of the hydrological processes in 1996 has shown that water quantity balance errors were less than 5% and the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient arrived at 0.7, indicating that the model structure is justifiable, and the precision of the model can satisfy the purpose of water resources management.

关键词： distributed hydrological model, structure and equation, GIS and RS, Jinghe Basin, Yellow River Basin.