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Application of backflush and micro-flow techniques to the analysis of C5—C13 hydrocarbons in crude oils and its geochemical significance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1382-1387页

作者： Wang Peirong1,2, Zhao Hong2,3, Xu Guanjun1,4, Zhu Cuishan2,3, Xiao Tingrong4, Zhang Min2,3 and Zhang Bin1,4(1. key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, China National Petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083, China 2. Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University, jingzhou 434023, China 3. key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources, ministry of education, Yangtze University, jingzhou 434023, China 4. Petroleum Geology Central laboratory, Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China) key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Geochemistry Department of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Petroleum Geology Central laboratory Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

An Agilent 6890N GC equipped with both FID and Agilent 5975 MSD analyzer has been employed to analyze C5—C13 hydrocarbon fractions of crude oils. A technical combination of program temperature volatilizer injection, backflush and micro-flow controller afforded a fine separation of C5—C13 compounds on a PONA column with the heavy part of crude oils being cut off before entering the analytical column. Both GC-FID chromatogram and GC-MS mass chromatograms (MID and full scan) could be obtained at the same time. The retension time differences of nC6—nC13 alkanes between GC and TIC were in the range of 0.02—0.58 minutes. Totally 286 peaks have been assigned group compositions. Results on 8 typical oil samples from CNPC key laboratory Crude oil Library showed that the characteristics of C6—C13 hydrocarbon group composition could be used in oil-oil correlation studies.

关键词： GC analysis GC/MS analysis backflush micro-flow controller light fraction in crude oil

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Geochemical characterization of aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oils from the Tarim,Qaidam and Turpan Basins,NW China

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Petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 448-457页

作者： Zhang Min Paul Philp Department of Geochemistry Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei 434023 China The key laboratory of oil ＆ gas resources and exploration Technology Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou Hubei 434023 China School of Geology and Geophysics University of Oklahoma Norman OK 73019 USA

Based on the systematic study of aromatic hydrocarbons in over 100 crude oil samples collected from the Tabei and Tazhong uplifts in the Tarim Basin,the western depression area in the Qaidam Basin and the Tabei depression in the Turpan Basin,the geochemical characteristics of the marine（Tarim Basin）,saline lacustrine（Qaidam Basin）,and swamp（Turpan Basin） oils were *** marine oils from the Tarim basin are characterized by relatively low abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons such as biphenyl and naphthalene,and relatively high abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons including phenanthrene,dibenzothiophene and *** contrast,the swamp oils from the Turpan Basin are dominated by the highest relative abundance of diaromatic hydrocarbons and the lowest relative abundance of triaromatic hydrocarbons in all the oil samples in this *** relative abundance of diaromatic and triaromatic hydrocarbons in the saline lacustrine oils from Qaidam Basin is between that in Tarim oils and Turpan *** parameters based on the isomer distributions of dimethylnaphthalenes（DMN）,trimethylnaphthalenes（TMN）,tetramethylnaphthalenes（TeMN） and methylphenanthrenes（MP）,i.e.,1,2,5-trimethylnaphthalene（TMN）/1,3,6-TMN ratio,1,2,7-TMN/1,3,7TMN ratio,（2,6-＋2,7-）-dimethylnaphthalenes（DMN）/1,6-DMN ratio,1,3,7-TMN/（1,2,5-＋1,3,7-）TMN,1,3,6,7-TeMN/（1,3,6,7-＋1,2,5,6-＋1,2,3,5-）-TeMN ratio and MP index,may reflect the diversity of organic source input,thermal maturity and depositional *** addition,the dibenzothiophenes（DBTs）/fluorenes（Fs） and dibenzofurans（DBFs）/Fs ratios were found to the very useful and effective in determining genetic types of crude oils for the marine,saline lacustrine,and swamp depositional environments,and for oil-oil correlations.

关键词： China Tarim Basin Qaidam Basin Turpan Basin marine oil saline lacustrine oil coal-derived oil depositional environment aromatic hydrocarbons

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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of Tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2 (1. key laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in China Petroleum University, ministry of education, Beijing 102249, China 2. The Institute of oil and gas exploration and Development, Tarim oilfield Company, PetroChina Company Limited, Korla 841000, China) [a]ministry of education Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in China Petroleum University Beijing China [b]The Institute of oil and gas exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt Tarim basin.

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Interpretation models and charts of production profiles in horizontal wells

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第S1期52卷 159-164页

作者： GUO HaiMin,LIU JunFeng,DAI JiaCai,WANG Kai & SONG HongWei key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources,ministry of education of China and School of Geophysics & oil resources of Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 1. key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources Ministry of Education of China and School of Geophysics & Oil Resources of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China

Stratified flow is common for the gravity segregation and flow regimes are very complex because of borehole inclination,therefore,all the conventional production logging tools cannot be effectively applied in horizontal wells,thus significantly increasing the difficulties in log interpretation. In this paper,firstly,the overseas progress in updated integration tools for horizontal wells and production profile interpretation methods has been discussed in brief. Secondly,by means of theory study and experimental simulations,we have obtained the production profile interpretation model and experimental interpretation charts,which have been calibrated by the improved downhole technology and optimization methods. Finally,we have interpreted X-well with the production profile interpretation software designed by us,and it proves that the methods are useful for the production profile interpretation in horizontal wells.

关键词： horizontal well production logging production profile logging instrument simulated experiment interpretation model

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Base level change and depositional filling response of Jurassic in the Qiangtang Basin of Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第S1期52卷 143-151页

作者： ZHANG ShangFeng1,2,ZHANG ChangMin1,HU MingYi1,GONG WenPing1,XIAO ChuanTao1,LIU AiHua1 & Lü Dong11 Remaining resources Research Group of Geoscience College,Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 2.key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources,ministry of education of China,Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 1. Remaining resources Research Group of Geoscience College Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China 2. key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources Ministry of Education of China Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China

The base level during the deposition of Jurassic in the Qiangtang Basin shows a complete cycle from rising to falling. The base level change is closely connected with tectonic evolution of the basin,especially connected with Bangonghu-Nujiang ocean evolution process in the formation and evolution of the basin. It is also affected by climate. The Jurassic strata correspond to a long-term base level cycle sequence. The sequence is in fact a non-complete symmetrical cycle,consisting of rising hemicycle and falling hemicycle. It can be divided into 6 intermediate-term base level cycle sequences,including 2 carbonate sequences,3 mixture sedimentary sequences of carbonate and clastic rocks and one clastic sedimentary sequence. Depositional filling characteristics during base level change show that Bangonghu-Nujiang ocean spreads in Toarcian-Bajocian ages,and is at the height of spreading of Bangonghu-Nujiang ocean in Bathonian-Oxfordian ages. In that process,sea area became smaller because of the dry climate. Eventually,marine depositional filling is ended with the subduction and collision of Bangonghu-Nujiang ocean.

关键词： Jurassic sequence base level cycle depositional filling response tectonic evolution Qiangtang Basin

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The effects of biodegradation on the compositions of aromatic hydrocarbons and maturity indicators in biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第S1期52卷 59-68页

作者： BAO JianPing & ZHU CuiShan key laboratory of oil & gas Resource and exploration Technology,ministry of education Geochemistry Department,Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 1. key laboratory of oil & gas Resource and exploration Technology Ministry of Education Geochemistry Department Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China

By the aid of GC-MS technique,a series of sequentially biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin have been analyzed. The results show that the concentrations and relative compositions of various aromatic compounds in the biodegraded crude oils will change with increasing biodegradation degree. The concentrations of alkyl naphthalenes,alkyl phenanthrenes,alkyl dibenzothiophene are decreased,and the concentration of triaromatic steroids will increase with increasing biodegradation degree in biodegraded oils. Those phenomena indicate that various aromatic compounds are more easily biodegraded by bacteria like other kinds of hydrocarbons such as alkanes,but different series of aromatic compounds have a varied ability to resistant to biodegradation. The ratios of dibenzothiophene to phenenthrene(DBTH/P) and methyl dibenzothiophene to methyl phenanthrene(MDBTH/MP) are related to the features of depositional environment for source rocks such as redox and ancient salinity. However,in biodegraded oils,the two ratios increase quickly with the increase of the biodegradation degree,indicating that they have lost their geochemical significance. In this case,they could not be used to evaluate the features of depositional environment. Methyl phenanthrene index,methyl phenanthrene ratio and methyl dibenzoyhiophene ratio are useful aromatic maturity indicators for the crude oils and the source rocks without vitrinite. But for biodegraded oils,those aromatic maturity indicators will be affected by biodegradation and decrease with the increase of the biodegradation degree. Therefore,those aromatic molecular maturity indicators could not be used for biodegraded oils.

关键词： biodegraded oils alkyl phenanthrenes alkyl dibenzothiophenes aromatic maturity indicator Liaohe Basin

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Surface Velocity Investigation With STEM and Its Application On The Seismic Data Static Correction

Surface Velocity Investigation With STEM and Its Application...

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The 19th International Workshop on Electromagnetic Induction in the Earth

作者： YAN Liangjun SU Zhuliu HU Wenbao key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources,ministry of education,Yangtze University,jingzhou,Hubei,P.R.China 434023

The static correction method for seismic dada with shallow transient electromagnetic sounding(STEM) in the rugged areas of the western China was put *** the resistivity inverted from STEM to the stratum velocity observed by micro-logging at the same site showed that the coherence of the shallow structure of stratum velocity and the layered resistivity is perfect,and the relationship between stratum velocity and resistivity is much *** on the Faust formula,the modified method in which the stratum velocity is described as a polynomial function of resistivity and depth in logarithm domain was put *** the use of the stratum velocity from micro-logging and the resistivity from STEM the coefficients were calculated with conjugate gradient method,so the experiential formula of stratum velocity as a function of resistivity and depth was determined,with this formula the stratum velocity was imaged upon the resistivity *** result is important and valuable to the identification of the low velocity boundary,and also is possible to the establishment of velocity model for seismic static *** resolution of seismic profile alter the static correction with velocity model given by STEM is much higher than that given by micro-logging.

关键词： STEM Seismic static correction Inverted resistivity Low velocity zone

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The effects of biodegradation on biomarker maturity indicators in sequentially biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第S1期52卷 42-50页

作者： BAO JianPing & ZHU CuiShan key laboratory of oil & gas Resource and exploration Technology,ministry of education,Geochemistry Department,Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 1. key laboratory of oil & gas Resource and exploration Technology Ministry of Education Geochemistry Department Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China

By aid of gas chromatogram/mass spectrometry(GC-MS) ,the distributions and the compositions of biomarkers in a set of sequentially biodegraded oils from Liaohe Basin,China,have been quantitatively analyzed,and it has been found that during the biodegradation process of crude oils,the molecular maturity parameters such as Ts/Tm,homohopane C31 22S/(22S+22R) and sterane C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratios will be affected to different extent. The results show that except homohopane C31 22S/(22S+22R) ratio,Ts/Tm ratio will decrease with increasing biodegradation,but for C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratio,it will almost remain constant in slightly and moderately biodegraded oils,and then will increase quickly in severely biodegraded oils. The main reason is that there are some differences in the ability of resistant biodegradation for different isomer of biomarkers with different stereo configuration,resulting in the fact that destroying rate by bacteria for those biomarkers with weak ability will be higher than those with strong ability in resistant biodegradation. For example,18α(H) -22,29,30-trisnorhopanes(Ts) will be destroyed more quickly than 17α(H) -22,29,30-trisnorshopanres(Tm) ,and 20R isomer is more quickly than 20S isomer for C29 sterane,resulting in the relative ratios changed with increasing biodegradation. Therefore,much more attention should be paid to the biodegradation extent of crude oils and the type of biomarker maturity indicators,when the distributions and the compositions of biomarkers in biodegraded oils are used to determine the maturity of biodegraded oils.

关键词： biodegraded oils sterane hopane biomarkers maturity parameters Liaohe Basin

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Genesis types of the Neoproterozoic Molar tooth structures in the southeastern Jilin and eastern Liaoning provinces and its research significances

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第S1期52卷 135-142页

作者： KUANG HongWei1,2,3,JIN GuangChun1,2 & LIU YanXue3 1 Geochemical Department of Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 2.key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources,ministry of education of China School of Geophysics and oil resources of Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 3 Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China 1. Geochemical Department of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China 2. key laboratory of exploration technologies for oil and gas resources Ministry of Education of China School of Geophysics and Oil Resources of Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China 3. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

Molar tooth(briefly called MT) carbonate is one of the Proterozoic carbonates with enigmatic sedimentary structure. According to the morphology of MT,it can be divided into two main genesis-morphology types,i.e.,autochthonous and allochthonous,and each type can be further divided into a series of subtypes. The autochthonous MT can be divided into filamentous(MF1) ,ribbon,nodular and dotted type(MF4) ,in which the ribbon one can be subdivided into simple vertical(MF2) and complex ribbon(MF3) ,broken ribbon by storm in situ(MF5) and MT within nodular limestone(MF6) . Allochthonous MT includes conglomerate clasts and horizontal detritus. Studying on the links between MT and the host rocks on five stratigraphic sections in the southeastern Jilin and eastern Liaoning indicates that the morphology of MT is closely related to host rocks,and seven genetic types by relationships between MT and the host rocks with facies interpretations are classified and discussed in this paper. The sedimentary environments of MT formation will be diverse if their morphologies are different.

关键词： Neoproterozoic Molar tooth structure morphology host rocks sedimentary facies southeastern Jilin and eastern Liaoning

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Genetic features of gas-condensate reservoirs in the Kekeya Field,southwest depression in the Tarim Basin,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第S1期52卷 19-25页

作者： ZHANG Min1,2,HUANG GuangHui1,2,ZHAO HongJing1,2 & WANG Xiang1,2 1 Department of Geochemistry,Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 2.key laboratory of oil & gas resources and exploration Technology,ministry of education,Yangtze University,jingzhou 434023,China 1. Department of Geochemistry Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China 2. key laboratory of oil & gas resources and exploration Technology Ministry of Education Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China

oils,condensates and natural gases in the Kekeya Field,southeast depression of the Tarim Basin were studied for their geochemical characteristics. According to the distribution analysis of the C2/C3 values with C1/C2 values,C2/C3 values with C1/C3 values,as well as C2/C3 values with dryness index,there are two different types of natural gases in the studied field,which are spatially regularly distributed. One is the oil cracking gas,located on shallow reservoirs over X52 reservoir,namely Upper oil legs;the other is kerogen cracking gas,located on X72 reservoirs,X8 reservoirs and E2k reservoirs,namely Lower oil legs. In addition,the distribution patterns of molar concentration of oils and condensates with different carbon numbers of the n-alkanes in the Kekeya Field indicate that the crude oils have experienced several kinds of secondary alterations,which were closely related to the charging of gaseous hydrocarbons after petroleum accumulation. These results indicate that,based on the research of δ13C values of individual hydrocarbons,heptane values and isoheptane values of light hydrocarbons and aromatic maturity parameters for oils,condensates and natural gases,oils and gases were charged at different geological time in the Kekeya Field.

关键词： Kekeya Field thermal maturity secondary alteration oil and condensate genetic type of natural gas

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