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The establishment of crystal position look-up table for positron emission tomography with block detectors

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第8期52卷 2418-2423页

作者： CHAI Pei1,2.& SHAN BaoCi1 1 key laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, {2. of high energy Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 2.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china key laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences

A method has been developed to establish the crystal position look-up table for positron emission tomography with block detectors. It is based on the principle that the counts in crystal position histogram obey the Gaussian mixture model (GMM). This method has taken full consideration of the characteristics of the GMM and the detector itself. The experimental results have proved that it is simple, reliable, and universal.

关键词： positron emission tomography position look-up table 2.D position histogram

Narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies: where are the broad line regions?

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & astronomy) 2010年第12期53卷 2307-2311,2339-2343页

作者： MAO WeiMing 1,2.3 , HU Chen 2., WANG JianMin 2., BIAN WeiHao 4 , ZHANG Shu 2.& ZHAO Gang 1 1 key laboratory of Optical {2.nomy, National {2.nomical Observatories, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100012. china 2.key laboratory for particle {2.physics, institute of {12. energy Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3 Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 4 Department of Physics, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 2.0011, china chinese academy of {2. Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***) chinese academy of {2. Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***) Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China (GRID:grid.458514.9) chinese academy of {2. Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***) Nanjing Normal University Department of Physics Nanjing China (GRID:grid.260474.3) (ISNI:***) chinese academy of {2. Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***)

A sample consisting of 2.1 narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) with high quality spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is selected to explore where broad line regions are in these objects. We find that the Hβ profile can be fitted well by three (narrow, intermediate and broad) Gaussian components, and the FWHM ratios of the broad to the intermediate components hold a constant of 3.0 roughly for the entire sample. If the broad components originate from the region scaled by the well-determined Hβ reverberation mapping relation, we find that the intermediate components originate from the inner edge of the torus, which is scaled by dust K-band reverberation. We find that the IC and the BC are strongly linked dynamically, but the relation of their covering factors is much more relaxed, implying that both regions are clumpy.

关键词： black hole physics galaxies: evolution quasars: general

Systematic distortion in cosmic microwave background maps

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & astronomy) 2009年第5期52卷 804-808页

作者： LIU Hao 1,3 &LI TiPei 1,2.1key laboratory of {2. astrophysics,institute of high energy Physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,{12. 2.enter for astrophysics,Tsinghua University,beijing 100084,{12. 3 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,{12. key laboratory of {2. astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Center for astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing China

To minimize instrumentally the induced systematic errors,cosmic microwave background(CMB)anisotropy experiments measure temperature differences across the sky using pairs of horn antennas, temperature map is recovered from temperature difference obtained in sky survey through a map-making *** inspect and calibrate residual systematic errors in the recovered temperature maps is important as most previous studies of cosmology are based on these *** analyzing pixel-ring coupling and latitude dependence of CMB temperatures,we find notable systematic devia- tion from CMB Gaussianity in released Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe(WMAP)*** detected deviation cannot be explained by the best-fit LCDM cosmological model at a confidence level above 99%and cannot be ignored for a precision cosmology study.

关键词： cosmology cosmic microwave background methods data analysis

Compression behavior of Zr_(41)Ti_(14)Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)Be_(2..5) bulk metallic glass up to 2. GPa

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & astronomy) 2005年第3期48卷 319-324页

作者： LI Gong 1, 2., ZHAN Zaiji 2., LIU Jing 3 , YUN Jinku 1 , SUN Liling 2., LIU Riping 1 , ZHANG Jun 2.& WANG Wenkui 1, 2.1. key laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004,{2. 2. Center for Condensed Matter Physics, institute of Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080,{2. 3. BSRF, institute of high energy Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039,{2. key laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan University Qinhuangdao China Center for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China BSRF Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The compression of a Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be2..5 bulk metallic glass (BMG) is investigated at room temperature up to 2. GPa using in-situ high pressure energy dispersive X-ray diffraction with a synchrotron radiation source. The pressure-induced structural relaxation is exhibited. It is found that below about 8 GPa, the existence of excess free volume contributes to the rapid structural relaxation, which gives rise to the rapid volumetric change, and the structural relaxation results in the structural stiffness under higher pressure.

关键词： bulk metallic glass, high pressure, structural relaxation, synchrotron radiation.

A 12.bit multichannel ADC for pixel detectors in particle physics and nuclear imaging

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第5期53卷 1208-1214页

作者： WEI Wei1,2.3,WANG Zheng1,3 & ZHAO JingWei1,3 1 institute of high {2. Physics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 2.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 3 key Lab of Nuclear Detection Technology and Nuclear Electronics of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china institute of high {2. Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences key Lab of Nuclear Detection Technology and Nuclear Electronics of chinese academy of sciences

Modern pixel detectors in nuclear and particle physics experiments and also in nuclear imaging,starve for highly integrated application specified integrated circuit(ASIC),whereas in{2. the study of ASIC still stays far away from practical *** lack of ASIC strictly limits the research and development of domestic high energy physics field.A 12.bit multichannel ADC designed for high density readout is introduced as a major candidate for solution.A precise model is discussed and the simulation fully agrees with the model,which indicates a key principle of *** is performed according to the given rule,and novel layout techniques are carried *** results in all aspects are also obtained,showing an excellent real performance,which satisfies the practical requirement.

关键词： application specified integrated circuit high density readout Wilkinson ADC multi-channel ADC

On the knee of Galactic cosmic rays in light of sub-TeV spectral hardenings

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chinese Physics C 2018年第7期42卷 113-122页

作者： Yi-Qing Guo1 2.Qiang Yuan1 3 1. key laboratory of Dark Matter and Space {2.nomy Purple Mountain Observatory chinese academy of sciences Nanjing 2.0008 china 2. key laboratory of particle {2.physics institute of {12. energy Physics key laboratory of Dark Matter and Space {2.nomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of Sciences key laboratory of {2. astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences School of astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China

More than fifty years after the discovery of the knee in the cosmic ray （CR） spectra, its physical origin remains a mystery. This is partly due to the ambiguity of the energy spectra of individual components. Recently, direct measurements from several space experiments found significant spectral hardenings of CR nuclei at ~2.0 GV. A joint modeling of the direct and indirect measurements may help to understand the experimental systematics and the physics of the knee. In this work, we update the phenomenological ＂poly-gonato＂ model to include the spectral hardenings, with a changing spectral index of γ ＋ β·logE. This modification gives a reasonable description of the CR spectra in a wide energy range. However, the fits to different data sets give different results. We find that the fit to the AMS-02.and CREAM data slightly favors a relatively low energy knee of the light components. In such a case, the expected all-particle spectra under-shoot the data, which may require an extra component of CRs. The fits to AMS-02.data and the light component （H＋He） data from the Tibet ASγ/ARGO-YBJ/WFCTA and KASCADE experiments give consistent results with the all-particle spectra. We further propose a possible physical realization of such a ＂modified poly-gonato＂ model of spectral hardenings by means of spatially-dependent diffusion of CRs. We find reasonably good agreement between the model predictions and the data for CR spectra, the secondary-to-primary ratios, and the amplitude of anisotropies.

关键词： cosmic ray knee spectrum propagation

Simulation of aerodynamic performance affected by vortex generators on blunt trailing-edge airfoils

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 1-7页

作者： YANG Ke1,2.ZHANG Lei1,3 & XU JianZhong1,2.1 institute of Engineering Thermophysics,chinese {2. of sciences,beijing 100190,china 2.key laboratory of Wind energy Utilization,chinese {2. of sciences,beijing 100190,china 3 Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China key laboratory of Wind {2. Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

An investigation was carried out by numerical simulation on a wind turbine airfoil and a blunt trailing-edge airfoil with and without vortex generators (VGs), and the performance of the airfoils was analyzed. By the simulation of airfoil DU 91-W2.2.0 it was verified that the numerical method and model were credible. Based on this airfoil, a new one with a blunt trailing edge of 6% chord was blended by symmetrically adding thickness, and its characteristics curves were obtained through computing at key angles of attack. Additionally, the pressure distribution on blended airfoil was analyzed by comparing to the airfoil without blend. The interaction of streamwise vortices induced by VGs with trailing vortex or separation vortex was considered, followed by the uncovery of how VGs can suppress the boundary layer separation.

关键词： vortex generators airfoil blunt trailing-edge

Direct numerical simulation of shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction in a supersonic compression ramp

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & astronomy) 2010年第9期53卷 1651-1658页

作者： LI XinLiang1,FU DeXun2.MA YanWen2.& LIANG Xian1 1 key laboratory of {2. Temperature Gas Dynamics,institute of Mechanics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china 2.The State key laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics,institute of Mechanics,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china chinese academy of {2. Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics Institute of Mechanics Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***) chinese academy of {2. The State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Beijing China (GRID:grid.9227.e) (ISNI:***)

A direct numerical simulation of the shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction flow in a supersonic 2.-degree compression ramp is conducted with the free stream Mach number *** blow-and-suction disturbance in the upstream wall boundary is used to trigger the *** the mean wall pressure and the velocity profiles agree with those of the experimental data,which validates the *** turbulent kinetic energy budget in the separation region is *** show that the turbulent production term increases fast in the separation region,while the turbulent dissipation term reaches its peak in the near-wall *** turbulent transport term contributes to the balance of the turbulent conduction and turbulent *** on the analysis of instantaneous pressure in the downstream region of the mean shock and that in the separation bubble,the authors suggest that the low frequency oscillation of the shock is not caused by the upstream turbulent disturbance,but rather the instability of separation bubble.

关键词： compression ramp shock/turbulent boundary layer interaction direct numerical simulation shock oscillation

Diagnostics for the structure of AGNs'broad line regions with reverberation mapping data:confirmation of the two-component broad line region model

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & astronomy) 2010年第S1期53卷 196-201页

作者： ZHU Ling1 & ZHANG ShuangNan2.1 Department of Physics and Tsinghua Center for astrophysics,Tsinghua University,beijing 100084,{2. 2.key laboratory of particle astrophysics,institute of high energy Physics,chinese academy of {12.,beijing 100049,{2. Department of Physics and Tsinghua Center for astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing China key laboratory of {2. astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

We re-examine the ten Reverberation Mapping(RM) sources with public data based on the two-component model of the Broad Line Region(BLR).In fitting their broad Hβ Mlines,six of them only need one Gaussian component,one of them has a double-peak profile,one has an irregular profile,and only two of them need two components,i.e.,a Very Broad Gaussian Component(VBGC) and an Inter-Mediate Gaussian Component(IMGC).The Gaussian components are assumed to come from two distinct regions in the two-component model;they are the Very Broad Line Region(VBLR) and the Inter-Mediate Line region(IMLR).The two sources with a two-component profile are Mrk 509 and NGC *** time lags of the two components of both sources satisfy tIMLR/tVBLR=V 2.BLR/V 2.MLR,where tIMLR and tVBLR are the lags of the two components while VIMLR and VVBLR represent the mean gas velocities of the two regions,supporting the two-component model of the BLR of Active Galactic Nuclei(AGNs).The fact that most of these ten sources only have the VBGC confirms the assumption that RM mainly measures the radius of the VBLR;consequently,the radius obtained from the R-L relationship mainly represents the radius of ***,NGC 4051,with a lag of about 5 days in the one component model,is an outlier on the R-L relationship as shown in Kaspi et al.(2.05);however this problem disappears in our two-component model with lags of about 2.and 6 days for the VBGC and IMGC,respectively.

关键词： broad line region AGN Reverberation Mapping cross correlation