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Regional soil moisture simulation for Shaanxi Province using SWAT model validation and trend analysis

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 575-590页

作者： LI MingXing1,2,MA ZhuGuo1 & DU JiWen3 1 Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia,institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,china 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,china 3 Shaanxi administration of Meteorology,Xi’an 710014,china 1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. Shaanxi Administration of Meteorology Xi’an 710014 China

The soil moisture in Shaanxi Province,a region with complex topography,is simulated using the distributed hydrological model Soil Water Assessment Tool(SWAT).Comparison and contrast of modeled and observed soil moisture show that the SWAT model can reasonably simulate the long-term trend in soil moisture and the spatiotemporal variability of soil moisture in the *** to NCEP/NCAR and ERA40 reanalysis of soil moisture show that the trend of variability in soil moisture simulated by SWAT is more consistent with the *** model results suggested that high soil moisture in surface soil layers appears in the southern Shaanxi with high vegetation cover,and the Qinling mountainous region with frequent orographic *** deeper soil layers,high soil moisture appears in the river basins and *** regional soil moisture showed a generally decreasing trend on all soil layers from 1951 to 2004,with a stronger and significant decreasing trend in deeper soil layers,especially in the northern parts of the province.

关键词： SWAT soil moisture content simulation validation trend analysis

Petrogenesis of Indosinian volcanic rocks in Songpan-Garze fold belt of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau:New evidence for lithospheric delamination

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第9期53卷 1316-1328页

作者： CAI HongMing1,2, ZHANG HongFei1,2, XU WangChun1,2, SHI ZhangLiang1,2 & YUAN HongLin3 1 State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, wuhan 430074, china 2 Faculty of Earth Sciences, china University of Geosciences, wuhan 430074, china 3 State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Wuhan 430074 China2. Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China3. State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest University Xi’an 710069 China

In the Songpan-Garze fold belt of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, an Indosinian lithospheric delamination model has been proposed, based on previous investigation of widespread granitoids. However, this model lacks comparable information from volcanism in the area. During the Indosinian delamination in the Songpan-Garze fold belt, whether partial melting of litho- spheric mantle taken place is debated. This paper reports U-Pb zircon LA-ICP-MS ages, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions from the Aba and Wasai calc-alkaline volcanic rocks in the central Songpan-Garze fold belt. Obtained magma crystallization ages are 210±3 Ma for the Aba andesite and 205±1 Ma for the Wasai andesite. These are consistent with magma crystallization ages of the late Indosinian granitoids in the Songpan-Garze fold belt that formed in a post-collisional tectonic setting. The Aba and Wasai andesites have distinct geochemical singnatures. The former has higher Al2O3, K2O, Rb but lower Na2O, Ba and Sr contents, suggesting differences in their magmatic evolution. The Aba andesites have ISr values of 0.7070-0.7076 and εNd(t) values of -3.9 to -5.3, and the Wasai andesites have ISr values of 0.7075-0.7077 and εNd(t) values of -3.6 to -3.9. Zircons show εHf(t) values of -3.7 to 0.3 for the Aba andesites and -2.7 to 5.5 for the Wasai andesites. Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions indicate that fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation processes are not key roles for their magma evolution, implying that their chemical compositions are those of primary melts. We suggest that the magma of the Aba andesites originated predominantly from a crustal source, with a minor mantle-derived component. The source region of the magma was likely at the crust-mantle boundary. The magma of the Wasai andesites resulted from partial melting of lithospheric mantle, which was probably metasomatized by fluids so that it was amphibole bearing. The petrogenesis of the Aba and Wasai andesite

关键词： volcanism U-Pb dating geochemistry petrogenesis lithospheric delamination Songpan-Garze fold belt

Detection of the Kuroshio frontal instable processes (KFIP) in the East china Sea using the MODIS images

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第6期29卷 35-43页

作者： JIA Yongjun ZHANG Jie National Satellite Ocean Application Service Beijing 100081 China First institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The Kuroshio frontal instable processes （KFIP） in the East china Sea （ECS） not only have a great impact on the hydrologic characteristics,the pollutants drift,the distribution of seafloor sediment and the ships navigation of the ECS,but also are closely related to the climate changes of the coastal areas of the *** the frequency and area of occurrence of the KFIP have not been studied fully and *** of its high spatial and temporal resolution,MODIS data is a kind of very good data source for surveying and researching the KFIP in the *** aim of this study is to detect the KFIP in the ECS by using MODIS data,and to study the frequency and region of occurrence of the KFIP in the *** selection has coverage of level 2 data of MODIS SST and Kd490 ranging from July 1,2002 to June 30,2009 of the ECS when there was no cloud impact or *** using of the data,the minimum standard of the Kuroshio temperature fronts and the diffuse attenuation coefficient （Kd490） fronts of the ECS are *** on these standards and the curvature distinguish methods,the standard of curvature distinguish for the KFIP in the ECS are put *** making use of this standard,we study a total of 2073 satellite-derived images,and discover that as long as there is no cloud impact from January to May and October to December,the KFIP in the ECS are surely found in MODIS satellite *** June to September,the frequency of occurrence can also reach to 82.9% at ***,it is obtained that there are three source regions of these instability processes,namely,（26°N,121.5°E） nearby,（27°N,125°E） nearby and （30°N,128°E） *** differences of the characteristics of these instability processes which are generated in different regions are analyzed in the present study.

关键词： Kuroshio frontal instable processes frequency and region of occurrence East china Sea MODIS

The computation of maximum wind speeds of typhoon

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1990年第1期9卷 69-79页

作者： Chen Kongmo and Qin Zenghao Third institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic administration, Xiamen, china Shanghai Typhoon institute, Shanghai, china

-At present, it is still difficult to obtain an accurate maximum wind speed of typhoon with modern means,such as satellite survey , radar tracing and airplane reconnaissance. The performance of statistical equation established with observational maximum wind speed and the central pressure of typhoon is unstable ,and it is unreliable in operational use. Therefore a general pressure field model of typhoon is introduced in this paper based on atmospheric motion equations and formulas are derived for computing the maximum wind speed around typhoon center over sea surface . The theoretical curves derived from these formulas are in good agreement with those using the statistic empirical curves of typhoon pressure-wind relations over the western Pacific. Tests were conducted for typhoons which occurred in 1973 and in 1983 and the strongest typhoons selected each year during 1970 and 1978,the results were satisfactory. Meanwhile the analyses of computing results showed that the effect of Coriolis force could be negligible and the eccentric-elliptical pressure structure of typhoon could be treated as circular symmetric.

关键词： over

Analysis of the co-seismic responses of the fluid well pattern system in Jiangsu Province to the Wenchuan and Tohoku earthquakes

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earthquake Science 2012年第3期25卷 263-274页

作者： Jiangrong Zheng1, Haolin Jiang1 and Zhengran He2 1 earthquake administration of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210014, china 2 School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210049, china 1. earthquake administration of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210014 China2. School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210049 China

This thesis discusses the earthquake reflecting ability of the observation well pattern system of Jiangsu Province, china, which has been digitally renovated, and probes into the cause of the major differences in the earthquake reflecting abilities of well holes at different measurement points. This is achieved through the analysis of the co-seismic responses to the Wenchuan (2008; Ms8.0, china) and Tohoku (2011; Ms9.0, Japan) earthquakes. We found that the co-seismic response of water level from regional well holes in Jiangsu Province was stronger than that of water temperature. The water-level co-seismic response follows a consistent law and is closely related to the earthquake magnitude. The co-seismic response of water temperature strongly varied among well points, and was more often manifested as a slow restorative change. The co-seismic responses also varied based on tectonic elements. The response in central and northern Jiangsu was weaker than that of southern Jiangsu, possibly due to the thicker loess cover layer in central Jiangsu which makes it less effective at capturing the micro-changes of stress-strain states relative to the hilly land in the south. The more complicated geological structure in southern Jiangsu makes it contribute to greater changes in the state of underground water after a minor disturbance.

关键词： fluid well pattern system 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake 2011 MS9.0 Tohoku earthquake features of co-seismic responses

Multitime scale variations of sea surface temperature in the china seas based on the HadISST dataset

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第4期30卷 14-23页

作者： JIN Qihua WANG Hui Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081 China

The variability of the sea surface temperature（SST） in the china seas has been studied in seasonal,interannual and interdecadal scales based on the monthly data of HadISST spanning from 1870 to 2007. The main results obtained are SST in the china offshore changes most actively at the seasonal scale with the intensity diminishing from north to south,as the temperature differences between summer and winter reaching 17 and 4 C in the northern and southern areas,respectively. Moreover,seasonal variation near the coastal regions seems relatively stronger than that far from the coastline;significant interannual variations are detected,with the largest positive anomaly occurring in 1998 in the overall area. But as far as different domains are concerned,there exists great diversity,and the difference is also found between winter and summer. Differed from the seasonal variations,where the strongest interannual variability takes place,resides to the south of that of the seasonal ones in the northern section,nevertheless in the South china Sea,the most significant interannual variability is found in the deep basin;interdecadal changes of summer,winter and annual mean SST in different domains likewise present various features. In addition,a common dominant warming in recent 20 a are found in the overall china offshore with the strongest center located in the vicinity of the Changjiang Estuary in the East china Sea,which intensifies as high as 1.3 C during the past 130 a.

关键词： china seas sea surface temperature multitime scale variations

A comparative analysis on two solar proton events

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第1期52卷 47-51页

作者： LE GuiMing1,2,3,4, HAN YanBen2 & ZHANG YiJun3 1 Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, china Meteorological administration, Beijing 100081, china 2 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, china 3 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, china Meteorological administration, Beijing 100081, china 4 National Center for Space Weather, china Meteorological administration, Beijing 100081, china Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for EnvironmentalSatellites China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

This paper presents a comparative analysis on the two Solar Proton Events (SPE), which occurred on 14 July 2000 (Bastille Day) and 28 October 2003 (28OCT03) respectively. It is found that although the peak flux of the latter seemed to be greater than that of the former based on geostationary observations, the maximum intensities of the energetic protons (>10 MeV and 30 MeV) during the Bastille Day event were all higher than those of the 28OCT03 event according to the interplanetary observations. Further analysis indicated that the quantity of the seed particles, which could be accelerated to the energies exceeding 10 and 30 MeV by the Coronal Mass Ejection (CME)-driven shock on 14 July 2000, was far larger than that of the 28OCT03 event. In the Bastille Day case, when the CME approached to the height around 14 R⊙, the CME-driven shock would reach its maximum capacity in accelerating the solar en- ergetic protons (>100 MeV). In contrast, on 28 October 2003, when CME approached to the height about 58R⊙, the CME-driven shock reached its highest potential in accelerating the solar energetic protons of the same category. At this moment, the peak flux (>100 MeV) was about 155 pfu, which was much lower than 355 pfu measured on 14 July 2000. This demonstrated that in the Bastille Day event, the quantity of the seed particles, which could be accelerated to the energy beyond 100 MeV, was significantly larger than its counterpart in the 28OCT03 case. Therefore, the peak flux of an SPE event depends not only on the interplanetary intensity of the solar energetic particles, but also on the velocity of the associated CME-driven shock, and the quantity of the seed particles as well as on the interplanetary magnetic en- vironment. This paper also reveals that the magnetic sheath associated with ICME on 28 October 2003 captured a large number of solar energetic protons, including those having energy greater than 100 MeV.

关键词：太阳质子 CME 太阳耀斑太阳系

Ocean color products retrieval and validation around china coast with MODIS

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 21-27页

作者： SUN Lingt GUO Maohua WANG Xiaomei Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites China Meteorological Administration （LRCVES/CMA） National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National Satellite Ocean Application Service State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081 China

Waters along china coast are very turbid with high concentrations of suspended sediment nearly all the time,especially at the Hangzhou Bay,the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary and the shoal along Jiangsu *** these turbid and optically complex waters,the standard MODIS ocean color products tend to have invalid *** the water-leaving radiances in the near-infrared （NIR） are significant resulting from the strong scattering of suspended particles,the standard MODIS atmospheric correction algorithm often gets no results or produces significant *** because of the complex water optical properties,the OC3 model used in the standard MODIS data processing tends to get extremely high chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） *** this paper,we present an atmospheric correction approach using MODIS short wave infrared （SWIR） bands based on the fact that water-leaving radiances are negligible in the SWIR region because of the extreme strong absorption of water even in turbid waters.A regional Chl-a concentration estimation model is also constructed for MODIS from in situ *** algorithms are applied to MODIS Aqua data processing in the china coastal *** situ data collected in the Yellow Sea and the East china Sea in spring and autumn,2003 are used to validate the *** good results have been *** is noted that water-leaving reflectance in the NIR bands are significant in waters along the china coast with high sediment *** satellite derived and in-situ reflectance spectra can match in the turbid waters along china coast,and there is relatively good linear relationship between satellite derived and in-situ *** RMSE value of Rrs（λ） is 0.0031 sr ？1 for all the nine ocean color bands （412 to 869 nm）.The satellite-derived Chl-a value is in the reasonable range and the root mean square percentage difference is 46.1%.

关键词： ocean color atmospheric correction chlorophyll-a MODIS china coastal region validation

Centrophenoxine improves chronic cerebral ischemia induced cognitive deficit and neuronal degeneration in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第12期25卷 24-30页

作者： Yun LIAO2, Rui WANG, Xi-can TANG3 State KeyLaboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese AcademyofSciences, Shanghai 201203, china 2TongjiMedical College of Huazhong Universityof Science & Technology, wuhan 430030, china Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan 430030 China

AIM: To study the effects of centrophenoxine (CPH, meclofenoxate) on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced deficits in rats. METHODS: Chronic hypoperfusion in rats was performed by permanent bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries. Morris water maze was used to measure spatial memory performance. Spectrophoto- metrical techniques were used to assay SOD, GPx activities, MDA content, TXB2, and 6-keto-PGF1α levels. Mor- phological change was examined by HE staining. The expression of Bax and p53 protein were assayed by immuno- histochemistry analysis. RESULTS: Chronic hypoperfusion in rats resulted in spatial memory impairments shown by longer escape latency and shorter time spent in the target quadrant. These behavioral dysfunction were accom- panied by increase in SOD and GPx activities, the content of MDA, the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (TXB2, 6-keto-PGF1α), overexpression of Bax and P53 protein, and delayed degeneration of neurons in cortex and hippocampus. Oral administration of CPH (100 mg/kg, once per day for 37 d) markedly improved the memory impairment, reduced the increase in antioxidant enzyme activities, MDA content and the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators to their normal levels, and attenuated neuronal damage. CONCLUSION: The abilities of CPH to attenu- ate memory deficits and neuronal damage after ischemia may be beneficial in cerebrovascular type dementia.

关键词： meclofenoxate brain ischemia free radicals maze learning TXB2 6-keto-PGF1α Bax protein p53 protein