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Journal of geographical sciences 2002年第1期12卷 15-22页

作者： DENG Xiang-zheng, ZHAN Jin-yan, LIU Ji-yuan, ZHUANG Da-fang (institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, cas, beijing 100101, china) institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS 北京 100101

The Global Rainforest Mapping (GRFM) project was initiated in 1995 and, through a dedicated data acquisition policy by the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA), data acquisitions could be completed within a 1.5-year period, resulting in a spatially and temporally homogeneous coverage to contain the entire Amazon Basin from the Atlantic to the Pacific; Central America up to the Yucatan Peninsular in Mexico; equatorial Africa from Madagascar and Kenya in the east to Sierra Leone in the west; and Southeast Asia, including Papua New Guinea. To some extent, GRFM project is an international endeavor led by NASDA, with the goal of producing spatially and temporally contiguous Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data sets over the tropical belt on the Earth by use of the JERS-1 L-band SAR, through the generation of semi-continental, 100m resolution, image mosaics. The GRFM project relies on extensive collaboration with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Joint research Center of the European Commission (JRC) and the Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) for data acquisition, processing, validation and product generation. A science program is underway in parallel with product generation. This involves the agencies mentioned above, as well as a large number of international organizations, universities and individuals to perform field activities and data analysis at different levels.

关键词： Global Rainforest Mapping low-resolution data regional mosaic Global Boreal Forest Mapping

Reconstructing mean maximum temperature of growing season from the maximum density of the Schrenk Spruce in Yili,Xinjiang,china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第13期54卷 2300-2308页

作者： CHEN Jin1,2,3,WANG LiLi1,4,5,ZHU HaiFeng1 & WU Pu1 1 institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 3 institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100044,china 4 institute of Tibetan Plateau research,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100085,china 5 institute of Desert and Meteorology,china Meteorological Administration,ürümqi 830002,china institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China institute of Desert and Meteorology China Meteorological Administration ürümqi 830002 China

To study the historical temperature variation in Yili of Xinjiang,the tree-ring chronologies of maximum density(MXD) and tree-ring width(TRW) were established with the Schrenk Spruce(Picea schrenkiana *** Mey) collected from six sites to analyze the characteristics and ability of response to climate *** results suggest that the MXD chronology of the Schrenk Spruce from different sampling sites responded to climate change well and were positively correlated with the mean maximum temperature and the mean temperature from April to August in the study *** mean maximum temperature anomaly from April to August,spanning the years from 1848 to 2000,was reconstructed by three MXD chronologies which were selected by stepwise *** reconstructed function was stable and explained 56.2% of the *** reconstructed results indicated a cold span of 153 years in spring and summer from the beginning of the 1950s to the beginning of the 1970s in the Yili *** strongly increasing tendency was detected in the mean maximum temperature anomaly from April to August during this reconstructed period.

关键词：平均最高气温伊犁谷地最大密度云杉胡杨生长季节新疆树木年轮宽度

The types and characteristics of man-induced sediment disaster

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Journal of geographical sciences 2002年第4期12卷 495-504页

作者： JIN Desheng, SHI Changxing, CHEN Hao, ZHANG Ouyang(Inst. of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, cas, beijing 100101, china) Inst. of Geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS 北京 100101

The man-induced sediment disaster includes material erosion, transportation and accumulation by human activities. It possesses special attribute in sociology and disaster science. In accordance with human activities, geomorphologic location, behavior and particular, the man-induced sediment disaster can be divided into 4 types: the drainage network, slope and gully, channel and plain-estuary-coastline. Each type includes erosion, transportation, accumulation, complexity and cascading. Based on human activity, geomorphology, sediment mechanics and catastrophology, the man-induced sediment disaster is characterized as follows: (1) accelerating tendency with geographical zoning back-ground; (2) non-order characters by blind action without special technical training; (3) gradually and sharply changing with human environment vibration; and (4) complexity and non-linear figure, etc. One of the reasons leading to man-induced sediment disaster is human environment vibration.

关键词： man’s dynamics sediment disaster type character

GIAHS Project and Its Implementation in china

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Journal of resources and Ecology 2010年第1期1卷 94-96页

作者： MIN Qingwen~1,SUN Yehong~(1,2) and SHI Yuanyuan~1 1.institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research,cas,beijing 100101,china 2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 1. institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

GIAHS Project and Concept In 2002,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(hereafter FAO)started an initiative for the conservation and adaptive management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Sy... 详细信息

关键词： GIAHS Project and Its Implementation in china Project

Straight river: its formation and speciality

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Journal of geographical sciences 2002年第1期12卷 72-80页

作者： WANG Sui-ji1, NI Jin-ren2 (1. institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, cas, beijing 100101, china 2. Center for Environmental Science, Peking University, beijing 100871, china) institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS 北京 100101 Center for Environmental Science Peking University 北京 100871

Straight river is generally regarded as one of the typical river patterns in conventional classifications in terms of their channel plain landforms. However, very few straight patterns were found to be distributed in wider spatial and temporal spans in the self-adjusted fluvial rivers. Thus, the questions occur such as that is it possible for a channel takes on a stable straight pattern? What are the main factors controlling the processes of the river pattern formation and transformation from a straight to other patterns? Various theories and hypotheses including geomorphic threshold hypothesis, the extreme hypothesis on energy dissipation rate, the stability theory, etc. have been developed to explain the aforementioned questions, but none of them is sound for the explanation to the straight-river formation. From the modern fluvial plain patterns, the straight patterns are not as stable as other typical patterns which occurred in nature; from the historic records of the river sedimentation, no apparent evidence was found to support the stable straight river evolution. Based on the analysis of existing theories, observations, evolvement processes of the channel patterns in the experimental results, this paper concluded that the straight pattern should not be included as one of the typical patterns that are self-formed and developed. This study is of importance to understanding of the river pattern formation and transformation.

关键词： straight river formation cause evolvement sedimentation

Modeling of Hillslope Runoff and Soil Erosion at Rainfall Events Using Cellular Automata Approach

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Pedosphere 2009年第6期19卷 711-718页

作者： MA Ting ZHOU Cheng-Hu CAI Qiang-Guo State Key Laboratory of resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 (China) Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 (China)

A novel quantitative cellular automata (CA) model that simulates and predicts hillslope runoff and soil erosion caused by rainfall events was developed by integrating the local interaction rules and the hillslope surface hydraulic processes. In this CA model, the hillslope surface was subdivided into a series of discrete spatial cells with the same geometric features. At each time step, water and sediment were transported between two adjacent spatial cells. The flow direction was determined by a combination of water surface slope and stochastic assignment. The amounts of interchanged water and sediment were computed using the Chezy-Manning formula and the empirical sediment transport equation. The water and sediment discharged from the open boundary cells were considered as the runoff and the sediment yields over the entire hillslope surface. Two hillslope soil erosion experiments under simulated rainfall events were carried out. Cumulative runoff and sediment yields were measured, respectively. Then, the CA model was applied to simulate the water and soil erosion for these two experiments. Analysis of simulation results indicated that the size of the spatial cell, hydraulic parameters, and the setting of time step and iteration times had a large impact on the model accuracy. The comparison of the simulated and measured data suggested that the CA model was an applicable alternate for simulating the hillslope water flow and soil erosion.

关键词： hillslope surface hydraulic parameters sediment simulation water

Monitoring Dynamic Change of Land Cover Based on SVM and Satellite Images in Hanoi,Vietnam

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Wuhan University Journal of natural sciences 2010年第4期15卷 355-362页

作者： ZHAO Jinling1,2, LIU Chuang1, 3 1. institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3. College of resources Science and Technology, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China College of resources Science and Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing China

An integral method,combining support vector ma-chine (SVM) with remote-sensing analysis techniques,was ex-plored to monitor Hanoi’s dynamic change of land cover. The landsat thematic mapper (TM) image in 1993,the enhanced the-matic mapper plus (ETM+) image in 2000,and the image with the charge-coupled device camera (CCD) on the china-Brazil earth resources satellite (CBERS) in 2008 were used. Six land-cover types,including built-up areas,woodland,cropland,sand,water body and unused land,were identified. The detected results showed visually the rapid urban expansion as well as land-cover change of Hanoi from 1993 to 2008. There were 12 637.54 hm2 cropland de-creased between 1993 and 2000,and 8 227.6 hm2 cropland de-creased between 2000 and 2008. Compared with cropland,wood-land firstly decreased and then increased,and the other types did not change significantly. The results indicate that CBERS dataset has the application potential in world resources researches.

关键词： land cover the china-Brazil earth resources satellite (CBERS) support vector machine (SVM) change detection

Growth characteristics and response to climate change of Larix Miller tree-ring in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第6期53卷 871-879页

作者： SUN Yu1,4, WANG LiLi1,2,3, CHEN Jin5, DUAN JianPing1,4, SHAO XueMei1,2 & CHEN KeLong6 1 institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2.institute of Tibetan Plateau research, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china 3 institute of Desert and Meteorology, china Meteorological Administration, Urumqi 830002, china 4 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 5 institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 6 School of Life and Geography sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, china 1. institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China3. Institute of Desert and Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Urumqi 830002 China5. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China6. School of Life and Geography Sciences Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008 China

As one of the earliest species used in dendrochronological studies, Larix responds sensitively to climate change. In this study, nine larch species and one variety from eleven sites were collected to study the growth characteristics of tree-ring width using dendrochronological methods. Ten residual tree-ring chronologies were developed to analyze their relationships with regional standardized anomaly series by Pearson’s correlation analysis. The results suggest that most of the chronologies had significantly positive correlations with the mean temperature and mean maximum temperature in May. The spring temperature evidently limited the radial growth of the larch species without precipitation control. The largest mean tree-ring width was found in Himalayan Larch in Jilong, whereas Master Larch in Si’er reflected the smallest mean value. Both species presented little climate information in this study. Chinese, Potanin, and Tibetan larches are significantly correlated with climate change, implying a huge potential for climate history reconstruction. The elevation of the sampling sites appears to be an important condition for tree-ring growth of larches responding to climate factors.

关键词： Larix Miller tree-ring climate change mean temperature in May

Analysis of Comprehensive Benefits of Transforming Slope Farmland to Terraces on the Loess Plateau:A case Study of the Yangou Watershed in Northern Shaanxi Province,china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第3期8卷 448-457页

作者： XU Yong YANG Bo TANG Qing LIU Guobin LIU Puling institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China

De-farming slope farmland has been an effective measure in recent years to improve environment and prevent soil and water loss on the Loess *** are different views about the defarming method,and also various de-farming patterns have been put into *** paper takes the Yangou Watershed in Shaanxi Province of china as a case for studying the comprehensive benefits of transforming slope farmland to *** on the day-by-day meteorological data of the Yan'an station in 2005 and the data of terrain features,soil and land use data of the Yangou Watershed,the impact of transforming slope farmland on terraces were simulated and analyzed in aspects of yield increase and water-soil conservation under different topographic conditions with the aid of software ***,an empirical analysis was applied to study the effects of transforming slope farmland to terraces in the Yangou *** results show that:(1) The bigger the topographic gradient is,the more remarkable benefits it has in yield increase and water-soil conservation.(2) Farmland with slope below 5° could be retained,but farmland with slope above 15° should be converted to forest or grassland as soon as possible.(3) Transforming slope farmland to terraces has the same remarkable effects as the current policy of "Relieving and de-farming" in improving agricultural production conditions,safeguarding food security,raising permanent vegetation coverage rate,and preventing soil and water ***,it is more cost-effective than the policy of "Relieving and de-farming".It's strongly suggested that the policy of transforming slope farmland to terraces be carried out on the Loess Plateau without delay.

关键词： Slope farmland Terrace Comprehensive benefits Yangou Watershed Loess Plateau

Impacts of the Wenchuan Earthquake on the Giant Panda Nature Reserves in china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第2期7卷 197-206页

作者： DENG Xiangzheng JIANG Qunou GE Quansheng YANG LinSheng institute of Geographic sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Center for Chinese Agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the ChineseAcademy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Wenchuan Earthquake that occurred in May of 2008 caused damages to large areas of Sichuan,Gansu,and Shaanxi provinces in *** from local governments and related management agencies show that the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas were heavily *** estimates in this paper of the impacts of the earthquake on the giant panda in the earthquake-hit areas were made based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and information collected by field survey.A rapid assessment method was designed to estimate the damages of the earthquake on giant panda *** using visual interpretation methods,we decoded the remote sensing images of the disaster area in the 49 giant panda nature *** results showed that the Wenchuan Earthquake and the succeeding secondary geological disasters caused great damages to the giant panda nature reserves and disturbed the normal life of the giant pandas there (e.g.,landscape fragmentation increased significantly).Undoubtedly,the life of the giant pandas there was ***,although the earthquake caused certain impacts on the giant pandas,it did not really threat their *** so,we still strongly advocate for protection of the giant pandas,and have prioritized a couple of measures to be taken to restore the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake Remote sensing Giant panda Giant panda nature reserve Rapid assessment method