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Improving the accuracy of image-based forest fire recognition and spatial positioning

Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 184-190页

作者： JIANG LiLi 1,QI QingWen 1,ZHANG An 1,GUO ChaoHui 2 & CHENG Xi 1,3 1 Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 china Center for Resources Satellite Data and Applications,beijing 100094,china 3graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences,{12.,china Institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China china Center for Resources Satellite Data and Applications Beijing China graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China

Forest fires are frequent natural *** is necessary to explore advanced means to monitor,recognize and locate forest fires so as to establish a scientific system for the early detection,real-time positioning and quick fighting of forest *** paper mainly expounds methods and algorithms for improving accuracy and removing uncertainty in image-based forest fire recognition and spatial ***,we discuss a method of forest fire recognition in visible-light *** are four aspects to improve accuracy and remove uncertainty in fire recognition:(1)eliminating factors of interference such as road and sky with high brightness,red leaves,other colored objects and objects that are lit up at night,(2)excluding imaging for specific periods and azimuth angles for which interference phenomena repeatedly occur,(3)improving the thresholding method for determining the flame border in image processing by adjusting the threshold to the season,weather and region,and (4)integrating the visible-light image method with infrared image ***,we examine infrared-image-based methods and approaches of improving the accuracy of forest fire recognition by combining the spectrum threshold with an object feature value such as the normalized difference vegetation index and excluding factors of disturbance such as interference signals,extreme weather and high-temperature ***,a method of visible analysis to enhance the accuracy of forest fire positioning is examined and realized;the method includes decreasing the visual angle,selecting central points,selecting the largest spots,and judging the selection of fire spots according to the central *** studies are examined and the results are found to be satisfactory.

关键词： forest fire monitoring spatial positioning accuracy improvement

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Intrafloral differentiation of stamens in heterantherous flowers

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第1期47卷 43-56页

作者： 1,2Zhong-Lai LUO 1,2Lei GU 1Dian-Xiang ZHANG 1(South china Botanical Garden, chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510650, china) 2.graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china) South china Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Flowers that have heteromorphic stamens (heterantherous flowers) have intrigued many researchers ever since the phenomenon was discovered in the 19th century. The morphological differentiation in androecia has been suggested as a reflection of "labor division" in pollination in which one type of stamens attracts pollinators and satisfies their demand for pollen as food and the other satisfies the plant’s need for safe gamete dispersal. The extent and patterns of stamen differentiation differ notably among taxa with heterantherous flowers. Seven species with heteromorphic stamens in three genera were sampled from Leguminosae and Melastomataceae, and the morphological difference of androecia, pollen content, pollen histochemistry and viability, pollen micro-morphology, as well as the main pollinators were examined and compared. Pollen number differs significantly between stamen sets of the same flower in most species investigated, and a correlation of pollen number and anther size was substantiated. Higher pollen viabilities were found in the long (pollinating) stamens of Senna alata (L.) Roxb. and S. bicapsularis (L.) Roxb. Dimorphic pollen exine ornamentation is reported here for the first time in Fordiophyton faberi Stapf. The height of stigma and anther tips of the long stamens in natural conditions was proved to be highly correlated, supporting the hypothesis that they contact similar areas of the pollinator’s body.

关键词： buzz pollination heteranthery labor division pollen micro-morphology pollen number pollination stamen differentiation

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A cumulant-based parameter estimation algorithm for near-field sources

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第8期17卷 900-905页

作者： Liang Junli~(1,2*) Yang Shuyuan~(1,2) Zhang Junying~3 (1.Institute of Acoustics,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100080,china 2.graduate School,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100039,china 3.National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing,Xidian university,Xi'an 710071,china) Institute of Acoustics Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100080 China graduate School Chinese Acad. of Sci. Beijing 100039 China National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi'an 710071 China

To efficiently use the array aperture and avoid the complicated parameter pairing computation,this paper proposes a new cumulant-based algorithm for localizing near-field narrowband ***,this algorithm proposes a symmetric uniform linear ar- ray (ULA),and constructs three cumulant matrices by using the fourth-order cumulants of some properly chosen sensor outputs;second- ly,unlike the conventional parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis models in data or subspace domain,it forms a three-way array (TWA) in the fourth-order cumulant domain using the three matrices,and analyzes the uniqueness of its low-rank decomposition;thirdly,it jointly estimates the frequency,the direction-of-arrival (DOA),and the range of each near-field source from the matrices via the low-rank de- composition of the *** simulation results are presented to validate the performance of our proposed method.

关键词： array signal processing localization cumulant parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis three-way array (TWA)

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Novel Tumor-associated Antigen of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Defined by Monoclonal Antibody E4-65

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第5期39卷 359-365页

作者： Ke ZOU~(1,2), Jihang JU~(1,2), and Hong XIE~~(1*)1 Institute of Biochemist13, and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences, chinese Academy of sciences, Shanghai 200031, china. 2.graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciences beijing 100049, china Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031 China graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciencesbeijing 100049 China

A monoclonal antibody, E4-65, produced by immunizing mice with SMMC-7721 cells, a human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line, was used to identify and characterize an unreported HCC-associated antigen. Indirect immunofluorescence studies showed that E4-65 antibody reacted with five out of eight HCC cell lines, but not with 10 non-HCC tumor cell lines or a normal liver cell line. Using immunohistochemical examination, E4-65 antigen was detected on the cell membranes and in the cytoplasm of human liver tumor tissues, but was not found in most other tumors, or normal adult or fetal tissues, except for a weakly positive reaction in tissues of the digestive system. Western blot analysis showed that E4-65 antibody bound to a 45 kDa protein in the human HCC cell line and tissue lysates. Enzyme treatment and lectin blotting did not detect the carbohydrate chain in E4-65 antigen. This HCC-associated protein represents a potentially useful target for diagnoses and immunotherapy of human HCC.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma immunohistochemistry monoclonal antibody neoplasm antigen

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CBCR:CBC MAC with rotating transformations

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Science china(Information sciences) 2011年第11期54卷 2247-2255页

作者： ZHANG LiTing 1,2,WU WenLing 1,ZHANG Lei 1 & WANG Peng 21 State Key Laboratory of Information Security,Institute of Software,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china 2.graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China

Message authentication codes (MACs) are widely used to protect data integrity and data origin authentication in *** this paper,we propose a new block-cipher-based MAC algorithm,CBCR,with provable security for arbitrary-length *** adopts rotating operations in the end of cipherblock-chaining structure,and it appends fixed-length prefixes to all messages,which implies flexible usages in *** example,these fixed-length prefixes can be filled with some security parameters,message redundancies,*** also propose CBCR0,a special case of CBCR that sets its prefix to be an all-zero *** with CMAC,a recommended standard by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),CBCR0 enjoys all the advantages that CMAC has,but requires less memory;so,in practical applications,CBCR0 behaves as well as CMAC does,and it is even more suitable for environments with limited memory resources,*** cards.

关键词： message authentication code cipher block chaining block cipher provable security

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Anatomy and ontogeny of unisexual flowers in dioecious Woonyoungia septentrionalis (Dandy) Law (Magnoliaceae)

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第4期47卷 263-272页

作者： ~(1,2)Lin FU ~1Qing-Wen ZENG ~1Jing-Ping LIAO ~1Feng-Xia XU~* 1(South china Botanical Garden,chinese Academy of sciences,Guangzhou 510650,china) 2.graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china) (South china Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China) (graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China)

Woonyoungia septentrionalis(Dandy)Law is a dioecious species with unisexual flowers in Magnoliaceae. The floral morphology and structure of the species are conspicuously different from other species and are important to the study of floral phylogeny in this *** floral anatomy and ontogeny were investigated to evaluate the systematic position of ***,using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. All of the floral organs are initiated acropetally and *** carpels are of conduplicated type without the differentiation of stigma and *** degenerated stamens in the female flowers have the same structures as the normal stamens at the earlier developmental stages,but they do not undergo successive development and eventually *** male floral apex was observed to have the remnants of carpels in a few investigated *** the bisexual flower features could be traced both in the male and female flowers in ***,it suggests that the flower sex in Magnoliaceae tends toward *** well as the unisexual flowers,the reduced tepals and carpels and concrescence of carpels conform to the specialized tendency in Magnoliaceae,which confirms the derived position of *** in this *** the initiation pattern of floral parts of *** is very similar to other species in this family,it needs further investigation and especially comparison with species in Kmeria to evaluate the separation of Woonyoungia.

关键词： floral anatomy Magnoliaceae ontogeny Woonyoungia septentrionalis(Dandy)Law.

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Effects of combined substitution of Dy and Mo or Si on the crystal structures and magnetic properties of Nd_(1-y)Dy_yFe_(11-x)TiM_x(M=Mo,Si) compounds

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Science china Chemistry 2009年第8期52卷 1097-1103页

作者： LI XiangJun,ZHENG Na,HU ZhongBo & YUAN ZhuoBin College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A series of Nd1-yDyyFe11-xTiMx(M=Mo,Si) alloys have been prepared by arc melting and studied by X-ray diffraction and neutron *** samples are found to crystallize in the ThMn12.type *** lattice parameters a and c and unit cell volume V of Nd0.5Dy0.5Fe11-xTiMox alloys increase linearly with increasing content of Mo(x),while the lattice parameters a and c and unit cell volume V of Nd0.5Dy0.5Fe11-xTiSix alloys decrease linearly with increasing content of Si(x).In NdyDy1-yFe11-xTiMx(M=Mo,Si) compounds,Ti and Mo atoms preferentially occupy the 8i sites and Si atoms preferentially occupy the 8j and 8f *** measurements show that the substitution of Fe by either Mo or Si leads to a decrease in the Curie temperature.

关键词： rare earth-transition metal compounds crystal structure X-ray diffraction neutron diffraction

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Periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第7期57卷 790-794页

作者： HU Rong1,2,3, ZHAO LingXia1,2 & WU XinZhi2 1 Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 2 Laboratory of Human Evolution, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100044, china 3 graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences, {12., china Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Laboratory of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China

Periodicity of Retzius lines is a key factor in dental development. In this study, we examined the periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South china using polarized light microscope observation of dental ground sections. The periodicities all of the 15 teeth were 9 d. Comparisons of periodicity were made with extant primates, fossil apes and hominins. Periodicity of fossil Pongo from South china was relatively long but fell within the variation of extant Pongo, Gorilla and modern human, and longer than periodicity of Pan and other extant primates. Fossil Pongo from South china was similar to Lufengpithecus and Sivapithecus, shorter than Gigantopithecus and longer than European and African fossil apes and most early hominins in periodicity. Generally, the periodicities of Asian large-body fossil apes were longer than the periodicities of European and African large-body fossil apes in Miocene. Difference among species and trend of evolution in periodicity were analyzed and discussed. We found that periodicity might gradually increase from Proconsul in early Miocene to several fossil apes in Miocene and then Gigantopithecus in Pleistocene. In addition, this study made correlate analysis between periodicity and body mass respectively in males and females of six extant apes and five fossil apes, and found that periodicity positively correlated with body mass.

关键词：周期性变化中国南方大猩猩化石灵长类动物早中新世类人猿显微镜观察

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Cytotoxicity of carbon nanotubes

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Science china Chemistry 2008年第11期51卷 1021-1029页

作者： ZHU Ying1,2 & LI WenXin1 1 Laboratory of Nano-biology and Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, chinese Academy of sciences, Shanghai 201800, china 2.graduate School of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china Laboratory of Nano-biology and Medicine Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China graduate School of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China

With large-scale production and application at large scale, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may cause ad-verse response to the environment and human health. Thus, study on bio-effects and safety of CNTs has attracted great attention from scientists and governments worldwide. This report briefly summa-rizes the main results from the in vitro toxicity study of CNTs. The emphasis is placed on the descrip-tion of a variety of factors affecting CNTs cytotoxicity, including species of CNTs, impurities contained, lengths of CNTs, aspect ratios, chemical modification, and assaying methods of cytotoxicity. However, experimental information obtained thus far on CNTs' cytotoxicity is lacking in comparability, and some-times there is controversy about it. In order to assess more accurately the potential risks of CNTs to human health, we suggest that care should be taken for issues such as chemical modification and quantitative characterization of CNTs in cytotoxicity assessment. More importantly, studies on physical and chemical mechanisms of CNTs' cytotoxicity should be strengthened; assaying methods and evaluating criteria characterized by nanotoxicology should be gradually established.

关键词： carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cell bio-security

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New universal matK primers for DNA barcoding angiosperms

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第3期49卷 176-181页

作者： 1,2Jing YU 1Jian-Hua XUE 1Shi-Liang ZHOU* 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china) 2.graduate university of the chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (graduate university of the chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China)

The chloroplast maturase K gene(matK) is one of the most variable coding genes of angiosperms and has been suggested to be a "barcode" for land ***,matK exhibits low amplification and sequencing rates due to low universality of currently available primers and mononucleotide *** resolve these technical problems,we evaluated the entire matK region to find a region of 600-800 bp that is highly variable,represents the best of all matK regions with priming sites conservative enough to design universal primers,and avoids the mononucleotide *** careful evaluation,a region in the middle was chosen and a pair of primers named matK472F and matK12.8R was designed to amplify and sequence the matK fragment of approximately 776 *** region encompasses the most variable sites,represents the entire matK region best,and also exhibits high amplification rates and quality of *** universality of this primer pair was tested using 58 species from 47 families of angiosperm *** primers showed a strong amplification(93.1%) and sequencing(92.6%) successes in the species *** propose that the new primers will solve,in part,the problems encountered when using matK and promote the adoption of matK as a DNA barcode for angiosperms.

关键词： angiosperm DNA barcoding matK primer.

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