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Journal of environmental Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 423-432页

作者： ZHANG Dai-jun 1,2 (1. department of environmental Science, Chongqing University, Campus A, Chongqing 400044, china 2. Key Laboratory for the Southwest china Resources Exploitation and environmental Disaster Control engineering, Ministry of Education, china.) department of environmental Science Chongqing University China

The integration of methanogenesis with denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation(ANAMMOX) was studied in an expanded granular sludge bed(EGSB) reactor in this work. Experimental results from the continuous treatment of wastewater with nitrite and ammonium, which lasted for 107 days, demonstrated that wastewater with high nitrite and ammonium could be anaerobically treated in an expanded granular sludge bed reactor. More than 91% to 97% of COD were removed at up to about 3.9 g COD/(L·d) of COD volumetric loading rate. More than 97% to 100% of nitrite was denitrified at up to about 0.8 g NO -_2-N/(L·d), which is 16 times higher than that in a conventional activated sludge system with nitrification/denitrification(0.05 gN/(L·d)). No dissimilatory reduction of nitrite to ammonium occurred in the process. However, maximum of about 40% ammonium was found to be lost. Batch tests of 15 days with sludge from the reactor showed that 100% of nitrite was denitrified completely, and about 3% of ammonium was removed when only ammonium (34.3 mg/L) and nitrite(34.3 mg/L) were added into the sludge suspension medium. Furthermore, about 15% of ammonium amounts were lost with organic COD addition. It suggested that the methanogenesis in the system could enhance ANAMMOX because of intermediate hydrogen produced during methanogenesis.

关键词： methanogenesis denitrification ANAMMOX EGSB reactor

The numerical method for three-dimensional impact with friction of multi-rigid-body system

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第1期49卷 102-118页

作者： ZHAO Zhen1,2, LIU Caishan2 & CHEN Bin2 1. beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, beijing 102600, china 2. department of Mechanics & engineering Science, Peking University, beijing 100871, china beijing Institute of Graphic Communication Beijing 102600 China department of Mechanics & engineering Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The differential equations for planar impacts reduce to an algebraic form, and can be easily solved. For three dimensional impacts with friction, there is no closed-form solution, and numerical integration is required due to the swerve behavior of tangential impulse during collisions. The dynamic governing equations in the impact process are built up in impulse space based on the Lagrangian equation in this paper. The coefficient of restitution defined by Poisson is used as the condition of impact termination. A valid nu- merical method for solving three-dimensional frictional impact of multi-rigid body system is established. The singular cases of tangential movement in sticking point are especially noticed and analyzed. Several examples are present to reveal the different kinds of tan- gential movement modes varied with the normal impulse during collision.

关键词： multi-rigid body, impact, friction.

New development thoughts on the bio-inspired intelligence based control for unmanned combat aerial vehicle

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第8期53卷 2025-2031页

作者： DUAN HaiBin 1 ,SHAO Shan 2 ,SU BingWei 3 &ZHANG Lei 41 State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Holistic Flight Control,School of Automation Science and Electrical engineering, beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,beijing 100191,china 2 Flight Control department,Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shenyang 110035,china 3 beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicle’s System engineering,beijing 100076,china 4integration and Project Section,Air Force Equipment Academy,beijing 100085,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Holistic Flight Control School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China2. Flight Control Department Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shenyang 110035 China3. Beijing Institute of Near Space Vehicle’s System Engineering Beijing 100076 China4. Integration and Project Section Air Force Equipment Academy Beijing 100085 China

Bio-inspired intelligence is in the spotlight in the field of international artificial intelligence,and unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV),owing to its potential to perform dangerous,repetitive tasks in remote and hazardous,is very promising for the technological leadership of the nation and essential for improving the security of *** the basis of introduction of bioinspired intelligence and UCAV,a series of new development thoughts on UCAV control are proposed,including artificial brain based high-level autonomous control for UCAV,swarm intelligence based cooperative control for multiple UCAVs,hy-brid swarm intelligence and Bayesian network based situation assessment under complicated combating environments, bio-inspired hardware based high-level autonomous control for UCAV,and meta-heuristic intelligence based heterogeneous cooperative control for multiple UCAVs and unmanned combat ground vehicles(UCGVs).The exact realization of the proposed new development thoughts can enhance the effectiveness of combat,while provide a series of novel breakthroughs for the intelligence,integration and advancement of future UCAV systems.

关键词： bio-inspired intelligence unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV) artificial brain autonomous control bayesian network bio-inspired hardware heterogeneous cooperative control

Development and application of a GIS database for the Miyun Reservoir water quality protection

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Journal of environmental Sciences 1999年第4期11卷 485-491页

作者： JIA Hai\|feng, CHENG Sheng\|tong, XIAO Yang (department of environmental Sciences and engineering, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084,china) 清华大学环境科学与工程系北京

A high quality database is the starting point for any GIS application. For the Miyun Reservoir, a large amount of spatial data has been accumulated by numerous studies. This paper introduces a GIS database development in support of these studies. And some applications of the GIS database, include integration with GPS, view and management of data, and integration with WASP5 model, are also introduced.

关键词： GIS database ARC/INFO Arcview Miyun Reservoir water quality

CO_2 Mitigation in Coal Gasification Cogeneration Systems with integration of the Shift Reaction, CO_2 Absorption and Methanol Production

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Journal of Thermal Science 2004年第3期13卷 193-198页

作者： Yuanyuan DUAN Jin ZHANG Key Laboratory of Thermal Science and Power engineering, department of Thermal engineering, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china Key Laboratory of Thermal Science and Power engineering Department of Thermal Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

Cogeneration of electricity and liquid fuel can achieve higher efficiencies than electricity generation alone in Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC), and cogeneration systems are also expected to mitigate CO2 emissions. A proposed methanol-electricity cogeneration system was analyzed in this paper using exergy method to evaluate the specified system. A simple cogeneration scheme and a complicated scheme including the shift reaction and CO2 removal were compared. The results show that the complicated scheme consumes more energy, but has a higher methanol synthesis ratio with partial capture of *** those methanol and electricity cogeneration systems, the CO2 mitigation is not merely an additional process that consumes energy and reduces the overall efficiency, but is integrated into the methanol production.

关键词： cogeneration system methanol synthesis CO2 mitigation exergy analysis

Research progress of the NSFC Major Research Plan “Dynamic Disaster Evolution of Major engineering Structures”

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第2期53卷 592-594页

作者： RU JiPing1, LI DaPeng1, LI ZhongXian2 1 department of engineering & Materials Science, NSFC, beijing 100085, china 2 School of Civil engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, china 1. department of engineering & Materials Science NSFC Beijing 100085 China2. School of Civil Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

The NSFC Major Research Plan aims to conduct researches at the international research frontiers on modeling of strong earthquake ground motions and strong wind or typhoon fields, and investigating the damage and failure evolution process of the major engineering structures under dynamic actions, focusing on the following two key scientific problems: (1) characteristics and laws of strong earthquake ground motions and strong wind or typhoon fields, and (2) process and mechanism of dynamic disaster evolution of the major engineering structures. For these goals, the research work is targeted at (1) modeling and predicting of strong earthquake ground motion and strong wind or typhoon fields, (2) identifying critical parameters influencing the dynamic disaster evolution of the major engineering structures, (3) analyzing the whole dynamic disaster evolution process of the major engineering structures, and (4) integration and verification of simulation systems for dynamic disaster evolution of the major engineering structures.

关键词： major engineering structures dynamic disaster evolution research progress

Heuristic for no-wait flow shops with makespan minimization based on total idle-time increments

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Science in china(Series F) 2008年第7期51卷 896-909页

作者： LI XiaoPing1,2 & WU Cheng3 1 School of Computer Science & engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, china 2 Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information integration (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, china 3 department of Automation, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china 1. School of Computer Science & engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China 2. Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information integration (Southeast University) Ministry of Education Nanjing 210096 China 3. department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

No-wait flow shops with makespan minimization are classified as NP-hard. In this paper, the optimization objective is equivalently transformed to total idle-time minimization. The independence relationship between tasks is analyzed, and objective increment properties are established for the fundamental operators of the heuristics. The quality of the new schedules generated during a heuristic is judged only by objective increments and not by the traditional method, which computes and compares the objective of a whole schedule. Based on objective increments, the time complexity of the heuristic can be decreased by one order. A seed phase is presented to generate an initial solution according to the transformed objective. Construction and improvement phases are introduced by experimental analysis. The FCH （fast composite heuristic） is proposed and compared with the most effective algorithms currently available for the considered problem. Experimental results show that the effectiveness of the FCH is similar to that of the best methods but requires far less computation time. The FCH can also be efficient in real time scheduling and rescheduling for no-wait flow shops.

关键词： no-wait flow shops heuristic makespan Tabu search

Truncation error calculation based on Richardson extrapolation for variable-step collaborative simulation

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2011年第6期54卷 1238-1250页

作者： ZHANG HeMing 1 , LIANG SiLu 2 , SONG ShiJi 1 & WANG HongWei 3 1 department of Automation, TNList, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china 2 Computer and Information Management Center, Tsinghua University beijing 100084, china 3 engineering Design Centre, engineering department, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK 1. department of Automation TNList Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China2. Computer and Information Management Center Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China3. Engineering Design Centre Engineering Department Cambridge University Cambridge CB2 1PZ UK

Collaborative simulation is an effective approach to performing simulation analysis for complex systems by integrating models developed for different engineering disciplines. Collaborative simulation issues include the modeling of coupled multidisciplinary systems, and the simulation running time integration of these models that are solved parallelly. Estimation of the local truncation error of coupling models is the key to solve multidisciplinary collaborative simulation problem, which is actually used to restrict the simulation step. This paper presents a variable-step method based on Richardson extrapolation for calculating the local truncation error to solve collaborative simulation problem of multidisciplinary coupling models. Formulas for estimating the local truncation error are derived through theoretical analysis by using integration methods and interpolation technologies, respectively. The simulation experiments are illustrated to validate the accuracy and efficiency of proposed collaborative simulation algorithm in comparison with the usual combinative algorithm.

关键词： multidisciplinary systems collaborative simulation variable-step algorithm error estimation

The age of synthesis:From cognitive science to converging technologies and hereafter

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第6期56卷 465-475页

作者： CAI ShuShan1,2 1 department of Psychology, Tsinghua University, beijing 10084, china 2 Center for Psychology and Cognitive Science, Tsinghua University, beijing 10084, china department of Psychology Tsinghua University Center for Psychology and Cognitive Science Tsinghua University

This paper describes the development of two of the most important scientific disciplines in the last quarter of the 20th century, cognitive science, which emerged in 1975, and nano-bio-info-cogno (NBIC) converging technologies, which emerged in 2000. In this century, we will achieve cross-disciplinary integration, innovation in comprehensive knowledge and comprehensive devel opment in human resources. NBIC converging technologies will greatly expand human cognition and communication, improve human health, enhance social outcomes, strengthen national security and unify science and education. Cognitive science and converging technologies will have major effects on the future human development. I argue that the 21st century represents an age of synthesis, reflected in the continual reintegration between scientific disciplines in recent times. This new age of synthesis will require innovations in thought and methodology that differ from those underlying the age of analysis in the 20th century. I predict that these developments will allow every individual to realize comprehensive development. Accordingly, the education system will be transformed, and a comprehensive human resources system will be created.

关键词：认知科学融合技术化学合成教育系统人力资源人类健康生物信息综合知识