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Further study of sources of the imported cobalt-blue pigment used on Jingdezhen porcelain from late 13 to early 15 centuries

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science china(Technological sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 249-259页

作者： DU Feng1 & SU BaoRu2.1 Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of science & technology, Qingdao 2.6000,{2. 2.college of information science technology, Qingdao University of science & technology, Qingdao 2.6000,{2. Institute of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266000 China college of information {2. technology Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266000 China

Based on the conclusion of modern scientific analysis: the cobalt-blue pigment applied on Jingdezhen official porcelain during Yuan Dynasty and prior to Xuande reign of Ming Dynasty (12.1―142.) contains high iron and low manganese con- tents, and the cobalt during Xuande and after Xuande periods (after 142.) of Ming Dynasty contains high manganese and low iron contents, in combination with the traditional archaeological method, the related historical textual records were in- vestigated and analyzed, the imported cobalt employed on Jingdezhen official porcelain was studied comprehensively, systematically and logically. In fact, 'Su Ma Li Qing' (Samarra-blue) and 'Su Bo Ni Qing' (Sumatra-blue) are definitely different cobalt ores originated in different places, because of their very similar translitera- tions in Chinese, the confusion has appeared in ancient books for more than 400 years, which considered 'Su Ma Li Qing' and 'Su Bo Ni Qing' as the same co- balt-blue pigment. In this article the mistake was corrected, the possible producing places and the approximate eras of the two pigments imported to china and used at Jingdezhen were also suggested.

关键词： imported cobalt-blue pigments employed on official blue-and-white porcelain Yuan Dynasty early Ming Dy- nasty Mn/Fe content ratio Su Ma Li Qing (Samarra-blue) Su Bo Ni Qing (Sumatra-blue) scientific archae- ological research transliteration

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A user-space file system for on-demand legacy desktop software

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science china({2. sciences) 2011年第6期54卷 1142-1150页

作者： ZHANG YouHui 1,2., SU GeLin 1,2.& ZHENG WeiMin 1,2.1 Department of Computer science and technology, Tsinghua University, {2. 100084, china 2.Tsinghua National Laboratory for information science and technology, Tsinghua University, {2. 100084, china 1. Department of Computer science and technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China2. Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Some user-level virtualization technologies have been used to convert legacy software (like the existing Windows desktop applications) into the on-demand software without any modification. To give the client a friendly and compatible method to access on-demand legacy software across the Internet, this paper presents a clientend file system for this usage case. It is a Windows user-space file system based on the cloud storage (where the on-demand software is stored), which converts the local file system accesses into remote visits. Quite a few optimizations are adopted and adjusted to suit the file-access-pattern of on-demand software, including the local cache, metadata/data/software prefetch and content-addressable storage (CAS), to decrease the number of remote visits and/or to overlap IO (input/output) operations with software execution. Detailed access-pattern analyses are also presented. This file system has been implemented and tests show that it is practical for much daily-used software-a local cache of limited size can provide up to 80% hit ratio and the corresponding overhead of running-time is about 37%. Owing to this method, on any compatible and networked computer, a user can use his/her personalized software conveniently although it does not exist on the local host.

关键词： on-demand software software as a service user-space file system cloud storage

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Magnetron sputtering synthesis of large area well-ordered boron nanowire arrays

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第4期47卷 403-415页

作者： CAO Limin1,2. ZHANG Ze2.& WANG Wenkui1,2.1. Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials science and technology and {2. of Materials science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, china 2. Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china 1. Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials science and technology and {2. of Materials science and Engineering Yanshan University 066004 Qinhuangdao China 2. Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China

One-dimensionally nanostructured materials, such as nanowires and nanotubes, are the smallest dimensional structures for efficient transport of electrons and excitons, and are therefore critical building blocks for nanoscale electronic and mechanical devices. In this paper, boron nanowires with uniform diameters from 2. to 80 nm were synthesized by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering of pure boron powder and B2.3 powder mixtures in argon atmosphere. The boron nanowires produced stand vertically on the substrate surface to form well-ordered arrays over large areas with self- organized arrangements without involvement of any template and patterned catalyst. The high-density boron nanowires are parallel to each other and well distributed, forming highly ordered and uniform arrays. A more interesting and unique feature of the boron nanowires is that most of their tips are flat rather than hemispherical in morphologies. Detailed studies on its structure and composition indicate that boron nanowires are amorphous. Boron nanowire appears as a new member in the family of one-dimensional nanostructures. Considering the unique properties of boron-rich solids and other nanostructures, it is reasonable to expect that the boron nanowires will display some exceptional and interesting properties. A vapor-cluster-solid (VCS) mechanism was proposed to explain the growth of boron nanowires based on our experimental observations.

关键词： boron nanowires, magnetron sputtering, arrays, self-assembly.

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Preparation and Gas Permeation of Supported γ-Al_2._3 Membranes Used as Substrate Layer for Microporous Membranes

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials science) 2005年第3期20卷 27-30页

作者：韦奇 Department of Materials science & Engineering University of Science & Technology of China college of Materials science & Engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022China

γ-Al2.3 membranes were successfidly deposited on the top of porous α-Al2.3 support by sol-gel process and characterized by means of XRD , SEM, N2.adsorption and gas permeation. The γ-Al2.3 membranes, free of pin-holes and cracks, adhere tightly to the supports and have a thlekness of about 7μm. When sintered at 400 ℃ , γ-Al2.3 membranes have a rutrrow pore size distribution, with a pore diameter of 3.6nm, and the transport of both H2.and CO2.in supported γ-Al2.3 membrane is governed by Knudsen mechanism, with H2.permeance of 3.3× 10^-6 molm^-2.a^-1s^-1 and H2. CO2.permselectivity close to the ideal Knudsen value at 50 ℃ . The γ-Al2.3 membranes are suitable for being used as the substrates of microparoas membranes .

关键词： supported γ-Al2.3 membranes hydrogen separation gas transport

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Two possible mechanisms for vortex self-organization

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science china Earth sciences 2006年第2期49卷 202-211页

作者： LUO Zhexian2. ZHOU Xiuji1 & GAO Shouting3 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences, beijing 100081,{2. 2. Department of Space information science, Nanjing University of information science and technology, Nanjing 2.0044,{2. 3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10002.,{2. 2. Department of Environmental science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China 3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The vortex self-organization is investigated in this paper by four groups of numerical experiments within the framework of quasi-geostrophic model, and based on the experimental results two types of possible mechanisms for vortex self-organization are suggested. The meso-scale to-pography may enable separated vortices to merge into a larger scale vortex; and the interaction of meso-γ and meso-β scale systems may make separated vortices to self organize a typhoon-like vor-tex circulation.

关键词： vortex, self-organization, meso-scale topography, interaction of different scales.

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Generalized gradient projection neural networks for nonsmooth optimization problems

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science china({2. sciences) 2010年第5期53卷 990-1005页

作者： LI GuoCheng 1 , SONG ShiJi 2.? & WU Cheng 2.1 Department of Mathematics, beijing information {2. and technology University, beijing 100192. china 2.Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china 1. Department of Mathematics Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing 100192 China2. Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Generalized gradient projection neural network models are proposed to solve nonsmooth convex and nonconvex nonlinear programming problems over a closed convex subset of R n . By using Clarke’s generalized gradient, the neural network modeled by a differential inclusion is developed, and its dynamical behavior and optimization capabilities both for convex and nonconvex problems are rigorously analyzed in the framework of nonsmooth analysis and the differential inclusion theory. First for nonconvex optimization problems, the quasi convergence results similar to those achieved by previous work are proved. For convex optimization problems, the global convergence results are proved, i.e. any trajectory of the neural network converges to an asymptotically stable equilibrium point, which is an optimal solution of the primal problem whenever it exists. This result remains valid even if the initial condition is chosen outside the feasible set. In addition, an asymptotic control result involving a Tykhonov like regularization shows that any trajectory of the revised neural network can be forced to converge toward a particular optimal solution of the primal problem. Finally, two simulation optimization algorithms for solving the optimization and control problems are designed respectively, and three typical simulation experiments are illustrated to present the accuracy and efficiency of theoretical convergence results of this paper.

关键词： nonsmooth optimization problem generalized gradient projection networks differential inclu sions convergence

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Fuzzy tolerance quotient spaces and fuzzy subsets

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science china({2. sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 704-714页

作者： ZHANG Ling1 & ZHANG Bo2.3,4* 1Computer science & technology {2., Anhui University, Anhui 2.0039, china 2.tate Key Laboratory of Intelligent technology and Systems, beijing 100084, china 3Tsinghua National Laboratory of information science & technology, beijing 100084, china 4information science & technology {2., Computer science & technology Department, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china 1. Computer science & technology {2. Anhui University Anhui 230039 China2. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Beijing 100084 China3. Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science & Technology Beijing 100084 China4. Information Science & Technology College Computer Science & Technology Department Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The structure and characteristic of fuzzy subsets are discussed by using the concepts of granulation and hierarchy in quotient space theory. First, the equivalence relation based quotient space theory is extended to the fuzzy tolerance relation. Second, the isomorphism and its discriminant of fuzzy tolerance relations are discussed. Finally, by using the fuzzy tolerance relation to define the fuzzy subset, its properties are addressed. The main results are given below: (1) several equivalent statements of fuzzy tolerance relations; (2. the definition of isomorphism of fuzzy tolerance relations; (3) the isomorphic discriminant of fuzzy tolerance relations; (4) the definition and properties of fuzzy subsets based on the fuzzy tolerance relations; and (5) the necessary and sufficient condition of the isomorphism of fuzzy subsets. These results will help us further comprehend the concepts of fuzzy tolerance relations and fuzzy subsets.

关键词： Fuzzy tolerance relation quotient space isomorphism fuzzy subset

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Resolution method for overlapping peaks based on the fractional-order differential

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science china Chemistry 2007年第6期50卷 797-805页

作者： LI YuanLu1, YU ShengLin2.& ZHENG Gang2.1 college of information & Control, Nanjing University of information science & technology, Nanjing 2.0044, china 2.college of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 2.0016, china 1. college of information & Control Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China 2. college of Automation Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China

Equations between the differential order and the maximum of the fractional-order differential for the specified peak signals are developed based on the variation of the maximum of the specified peak signals at different orders. Also, equations between the differential order and the zero-crossing of the fractional-order differential of the specified peak signals are proposed according to the variation of the zero-crossing of the specified peak signals at different orders. Characteristic paramters of the Gaus- sian peak, Lorentzian peak, and Tsallis peak can be estimated using estimator I and estimator II which are obtained by the equations above. As a result, a new method is presented to resolve the overlapped peaks signal. Firstly, a fractional-order differential of the specified peak signals is obtained with the fractional-order differentiation filter. Then, characteristic paramters of the specified peak signals can be extracted using estimator I and estimator II. Finally, the Tsallis peak is used as a model to assign the overlapping peak signals correctly. Experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient and effective for the simulated overlapping peaks and detected overlapping voltammetric peak signals.

关键词： fractional-order differentiation filter, fractional-order differential, overlapping peaks, voltammetric peak

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Empirical likelihood confidence regions of the parameters in a partially linear single-index model

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science china Mathematics 2005年第10期48卷 1333-1348页

作者： XUE Liugen~1 & ZHU Lixing~2.1. college of Applied sciences,{2. University of technology,{2. 10002.,china 2. Department of Mathematics,Hong Kong Baptist University,Hong Kong,china 1. college of Applied sciences Beijing University of Technology 100022 Beijing China 2. Department of Mathematics Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

In this paper, a partially linear single-index model is investigated, and three empirical log-likelihood ratio statistics for the unknown parameters in the model are suggested. It is proved that the proposed statistics are asymptotically standard chi-square under some suitable conditions, and hence can be used to construct the confidence regions of the parameters. Our methods can also deal with the confidence region construction for the index in the pure single-index model. A simulation study indicates that, in terms of coverage probabilities and average areas of the confidence regions, the proposed methods perform better than the least-squares method.

关键词： partially linear single-index model, empirical likelihood, confidence region, chi-square distribution, coverage probability.

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Influence of magnetic current on the ground state entanglement in an isotropic transverse XY chain

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1147-1151页

作者： Liu Dan1,2., Zhang Yong3 and Long Guilu1,2.1. Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084,{2. 2. Center of Quantum information science and technology, Tsinghua National Laboratory for information science and technology, beijing 100084,{2. 3. Institute of Physics, School of sciences, beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, beijing 100876,{2.) Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Center of Quantum information science and {2. Tsinghua National Laboratory for information Science and Technology Beijing 100084 China Institute of Physics School of Sciences Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

We study the ground state entanglement in a three-qubit XY chain under the influence of a magnetization current. It is found that the ground state changes from a W state to a disentangled state as the magnetic field varies. When the Lagrange multiplier λ>3, namely under a strong magnetic current, the ground state holds onto a W state for a large range of the magnetic field strength. A phase transition to the magnetization-current phase occurs under a certain condition.

关键词： Heisenberg-XY chain magnetic-current phase transition.

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