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Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 441-453页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi1, WANG Zhaoyun1, HE Haiqing2, ZHANG Mingjie3, WANG Hongjun1, WANG Yunpeng4 & QIN Yong5 1. Research Institute of petroleum exploration & development, Petrochina, beijing 100083, china 2. Petrochina exploration & Production, beijing 100011, china 3. Department of Geology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 4. Guangzhou Geochemical Institute, chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 5. china University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, china 1. Research Institute of petroleum exploration & development 100083 PetroChinaBeijin China 2. Petrochina exploration & Production 100011 Beijing China 3. Department of Geology Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China 4. Guangzhou Geochemical Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 5. china University of Mining and Technology 221000 Xuzhou China

By breaking through the conventional ideology on the study of gas-formation mechanism of source rocks which focused on merely the characteristics of source rocks them- selves, and based on the development and distribution characteristics of marine carbonate source rocks in the medium-to-bottom parts of the chinese superimposed sedimentary basins as well as various processes in the course of gas generation and reservoir forming, the complex hydrocarbon-generating model of carbonates is established. Such a model concerns not only the “three-stage” gas formation characteristics of carbonates, but also the gas generation process due to a thermal cracking of oil and the re-generation process of gas from heated secondary organic matters during the gas-generation and reservoir-forming course. The high-quality hy- drocarbon generating matter of marine carbonate source rocks determined a high gas-oil ratio and tended to form paleo-oil-reservoirs, representing an enrichment process of organic matters. The thermal cracking of oil in palaeo-oil-reservoirs is an important means for the effective forma- tion of gas reservoirs. The secondary organic matters in carbonate reservoirs may regenerate gas after a secondary deep burial, thus becoming an effective gas source.

关键词： carbonate, three-stage hydrocarbon generation, inhibitive effect of maturity, oil-cracking gas, second-ary asphalt gas.

Full 3-D numerical modeling of borehole electric image logging and the evaluation model of fracture

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 170-173页

作者： KE ShiZhen Resource & Information Collage of chinese petroleum University,beijing 102249,china chinese Petr Univ Resource & Informat Coll Beijing 102249 Peoples R China

A full 3-D finite element method numerical modeling program is written based on the principle and technical specification of borehole electric image well logging tool. The response of well logging is computed in the formation media model with a single fracture. The effect of changing fracture aperture and resistivity ratio to the logging response is discussed. The identification ability for two parallel fractures is also present. A quantitative evaluation formula of fracture aperture from borehole electric image logging data is set up. A case study of the model well is done to verify the accuracy of the for-mula. The result indicates that the formula is more accurate than the foreign one.

关键词： numerical modeling borehole electric image logging 3-D FEM full scope fracture

The formation mechanism of high-quality dolomite reservoir in the deep of Puguang Gas Field

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 53-64页

作者： MA YongSheng 1 ,GUO TongLou 1 ,ZHAO XueFeng 2 &CAI XunYu 1 1 Southern exploration&Production Company,Sinopec,Kunming 650200,china 2 china University of Mining and Technology,beijing 100083,china Southern exploration & Production Company Sinopec Kunming 650200 China china University of Mining and Technology Beijing 100083 China

The discovery of Puguang Gas Field provides the exploration of china deep marine carbonate rock with important *** Puguang Gas Field,the dolomite reservoirs discovered in the deep are the best in the present of china,which present big thickness and wide-range distribution,and develop abundant secondary *** researches show that Puguang Gas Field bears the characteristics of early gas-filling time,deep burial,high matured organic matter and long-term interaction of hydrocarbon(oil and gas)-water-rock(carbonate reservoir).The developments of secondary pores in this area are affected by multiple diagenesis and their formation mechanisms are *** the research on depositional environment,sedimentary facies and reservoir porosity characters of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations,it is thought that high-quality dolomite reservoirs of Puguang Gas Field form on the favorable sedimentary facies belts,which are the integrate result affected by several factors including superficial corrosion,burial corrosion,overpressure and tectonic movement,among which burial corrosion of TSR to reservoir and overpressure formed by thermal evolution of organic matter have great effect on the formation of secondary porosity of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations.

关键词： deep high-quality reservoir dolomite corrosion Puguang Gas Field Sichuan Basin

Geochemical characteristics and applications of 18α(H)-neohopanes and 17α(H)-diahopanes

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第19期45卷 1742-1748页

作者： WANG Chunjiang, FU Jiamo, SHENG Guoying, XIAO Qianhua, LI Jinyou, ZHANG Yali & PIAO Mingzhi1. Slate Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of Sciences. Guang/hou 510640, china 2. Department of Geosciences, petroleum University, beijing 102200, china 3. Institute of petroleum exploration and Exploitation, Liaohe Bureau of petroleum exploration, Panjin 240000, china State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Department of Geosciences Petroleum University Beijing China Institute of petroleum exploration and Exploitation Liaohe Bureau of Petroleum Exploration Panjin China

Distributions and geochemical significances of 18α(H)-neohopanes and of 17α(H)-diahopanes in oils from west Xialiaohe depression of the Bohai Bay Basin have been studied. Relative abundance of 18α(H)-neohopanes and of 17α(H)-diahopanes can be effectively used as maturity parameters, in a range of medium-high mature stage, based on consideration on sedimentary-organic facies of source rocks. With a dual geochemical significance of maturity and sedimentary-organic facies, neohopane and diahopane parameters can be well used in oil-source correlation and in petroleum population division. Formation, primary concentration and preservation of precursors of rearranged hopanes are closely related to depositional conditions such as Eh-pH and clays content. A series of probable diahopanes (series D) was detected in the oils, which exhibits a similar distribution pattern and geochemical behavior as that of 17α(H)-diahopanes (series B).

关键词： 18α(H)-neohopane 17α(H)-diahopane maturity sedimentary-organic facies.

Controlling Factors Affecting Pressure Differential development of the Upper Paleozoic Gas Reservoir in the Sulige and Yulin Area of the Ordos Basin

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 126-127页

作者： Hao Xu~1,Junfeng Zhang~2,Chengzao Jia~3,Dazhen Tang~1,Ming Li~3,Wenzhong Zhang~1 1.Key Laboratory of Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism,Ministry of Education,china University of Geosciences(beijing),beijing 100083,china. 2.Petrochina exploration and Production Company,beijing 100724,china 3.Research Institute of petroleum exploration & development,beijing 100083,china

The origin and distribution of Upper Paleozoic reservoirs pressure in mid-northem Ordos Basin has attracted widespread attention in recent *** reservoir pressure of Sulige area shows characteristics of basically subnormal pressure,and the reservoir pressure of Yulin area shows characteristics of basically normal hydrostatic *** the sense of structural location,

关键词： Ordos Basin Sulige area Yulin area formation pressure controlling factors

Potential risks of spectrum whitening deconvolution——compared with well-driven deconvolution

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petroleum Science 2009年第2期6卷 146-152页

作者： Li Guofa Zhou Hui Zhao Chao State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory of CNPC Geophysical exploration China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Deconvolution is widely used to increase the resolution of seismic data. To compare the resolution ability of conventional spectrum whitening deconvolution to thin layers with that of welldriven deconvolution, a complex sedimentary geological model was designed, and then the simulated seismic data were processed respectively by each of the two methods. The amplitude spectrum of seismic data was almost white after spectrum whitening, but the wavelet resolution was low. The amplitude spectrum after well-driven deconvolution deviated from white spectrum, but the wavelet resolution was high. Further analysis showed that if an actual reflectivity series could not well satisfy the hypothesis of white spectrum, spectrum whitening deconvolution had a potential risk of wavelet distortion, which might lead to a pitfall in high resolution seismic data interpretation. On the other hand, the wavelet after well- driven deconvolution had higher resolution both in the time and frequency domains. It is favorable for high resolution seismic interpretation and reservoir prediction.

关键词： Well-driven high resolution spectrum whitening deconvolution seismic wavelet

The productivity evaluation model and its application for finite conductivity horizontal wells in fault block reservoirs

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petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 530-535页

作者： Jiang Hanqiao Ye Shuangjiang Lei Zhanxiang Wang Xing Zhu Guojin Chen Minfeng Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research Institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Research Institute of china National Offshore Oil Corporation Beijing 100027 China

It is very difficult to evaluate the productivity of horizontal wells in fault block reservoirs due to the influence of fault *** the basis of the method of images and source-sink theory,a semianalytical model coupling reservoir and finite conductivity horizontal wellbore flow dynamics was built,in which the influence of fault sealing was taken into *** distribution of wellbore flow and radial inflow profiles along the horizontal interval were also *** impact of the distance between the horizontal well and the fault on the well productivity was quantitatively *** on this analysis,the optimal distance between the horizontal well and the fault in banded fault block reservoirs could be *** to the field application,the relative error calculated by the model proposed in this paper is within ±15%.It is an effective evaluation method for the productivity of horizontal wells in fault block *** productivity of the horizontal well increases logarithmically as the distance between the horizontal well and the fault *** optimal distance between the horizontal well and the fault is 0.25-0.3 times the horizontal well length.

关键词： Fault block reservoir horizontal well finite conductivity productivity evaluation well location design

A new alternating copolymerized derivative as a cold flow improver for diesel fuel

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petroleum Science 2009年第1期6卷 82-85页

作者： ZHANG Haikuan LIU Hongyan WANG Shujun State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China china National Oil ＆ Gas exploration and development Corporation China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100034 China

Synthesis of a cold flow improver （MAVA-a） for diesel fuel and its effect on solidifying point （SP） and cold filter plugging point （CFPP） of diesel fuels were investigated, The cold flow improver was prepared by using maleic anhydride （MA） and vinyl acetate （VA） as raw materials, toluene as solvent, dibenzoyl peroxide （BPO） as initiator, through alternating polymerization under nitrogen to obtain a binary-polymer and then through aminolysis by using a higher carbon amine as aminating agent at a temperature of 80 ℃. A cold flow improver was designed and prepared for No. 0 diesel fuel from Zhang Jia-Gang Petrochemical Company according to the contents of n-paraffin and its carbon number distribution in the No. 0 diesel fuel. It was also used together with two kinds of ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer improvers （EVA） separately. The test result showed that the CFPP of the No. 0 diesel fuel could be lowered by 3-5 ℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used. The CFPP was lowered by 8℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used together with EVA-2.

关键词： Cold flow improver solidifying point cold filter plugging point copolymer amination

Deliverability of wells in carbonate gas condensate reservoirs and the capillary number effect

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petroleum Science 2009年第1期6卷 51-56页

作者： Li Yong Hu Yongle Li Baozhu Xia Jing Research Institute of petroleum exploration and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

With the development of the Tazhong No. 1 carbonate gas condensate reservoir in china, it has become more and more important to study the characteristics of gas condensate well deliverability. A single-well radial simulator for dual-permeability reservoirs was established to study the influences of fluid properties, permeability, and pressure drawdown on well deliverability with and without the capillary number effect. The simulation shows that well deliverability basically maintains its initial value and is not affected by the capillary number when the formation pressure is higher than dew-point pressure. However, well deliverability drops rapidly when the formation pressure is lower than dew-point pressure. Even if the condensate dropout is very low, well deliverability without the capillary number effect reduces to 50 percent of its initial value when reservoir pressure declines to 95 percent of dew-point pressure, but well deliverability is significantly improved if the capillary number effect exists. The capillary number effect is most significant when reservoir pressure is just lower than dew point pressure, then the effect decreases; the reduction of well deliverability is mainly caused by the reduction of gas relative permeability of the matrix system near the wellbore.

关键词： Carbonate reservoir gas condensate capillary number effect well deliverability dualporosity media