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Thrust Propagation in the Aqqikkol Lake Area, the East Kunlun Mountains, Northwestern China

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2003年第4期77卷 468-478页

作者： CUI Junwen, CHEN Wen, LI Pengwu, ZHANG Xiaowei and LI Li institute of geology, chinese Academy of {2. {3., beijing 10003. institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037

The western segment of the East Kunlun Mountains is one of the poorly studied regions in northwestern China. Through a structural analysis of the typical sections, we have the following views: (1) There is a very well developed fault system in the western segment of the East Kunlun Mountains and thrust propagation, normal slip and decoupling are the chief deformation events in this area. (2. Although the thrusting started in the Late Carboniferous and Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, strong activity took place in the Miocene-Quaternary when the Kumkol basin was strongly downwarped. (3. The tectonic pattern of coexistence of N-directed thrust propagation and S-directed normal slip in this area is consistent with the general tectonic pattern of the northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau and also very similar to that of the Himalayan region on the southern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, but their directions between the thrust propagation are opposite and all the strong thrust propagations occurred from the Miocene-Pliocene to Quaternary, a period featuring strong collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate and abrupt uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. This oppositely directed thrust propagation and normal slip reveal such kinematic characteristics as symmetric propagations of deep-seated materials towards the north and south beneath the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and gravitational sliding of superficial materials towards the interior of the plateau. Therefore, the establishment of the fault system in the study area may provide an approach to the study of deep processes of the northern Qinghai-Tibet plateau and the construction of a unified geodynamic model for the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

关键词： western segment of the East Kunlun Mountains thrust propagation normal slip plate collision dynamic model

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MELT AND FLUID INCLUSIONS IN IGNEOUS ROCKS IN CENTRAL XIZANG (TIBET)

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Science in China,Ser.B 1986年第7期29卷 771-784页

作者：王碧香 institute of geology chinese Academy of geological {2. beijing

Through a study of the characteristics and composition of melt and fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks and their associated granites in the subduction zone of the Tibetan plate, it has been found that the characteristics of the inclusions in quite a few minerals of various rock types are closely related to the nature of molten magmas, thickness of strata and cooling speed. Therefore, their characteristics may be used to discriminate different lithofacies types. In this paper the evolution and crystallization of magmas are discussed on the basis of the glass composition of the inclusions measured using the electron probe, and the gas composition and its parameters are used in elucidating the physico-chemical conditions of rock and ore formation.

关键词： TIBET MELT AND FLUID INCLUSIONS IN IGNEOUS ROCKS IN CENTRAL XIZANG

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geological Setting of the Porphyry Copper Deposit Series of China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1992年第1期66卷 59-73页

作者： Zhang Hongtao Rui Zongyao institute of Mineral Deposits, chinese Academy of {2. {3., beijing Liu Linqun institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing

In accordance with the terms global minerogenic series, regional metallogenic series and ore depositsystem which are put forward here, metallogenic environments at different levels are discussed for theporphyry copper deposit series in China. It is considered that the porphyry copper deposits in China arecontrolled not only by the boundaries of convergent plates but, more importantly, by the boundaries ofintraplate divergent mobile belts and those between continental blocks. Besides, the emplacement ofhypabyssal and supper-hypabyssal calc-alkaline magmas and the temporal-spatial distribution of China'sporphyry copper deposits are governed by the superimposition of fracture systems of the pre-Alpine base-ments. Meso-Cenozoic cover and continental-margin new-born crust. Such a superimposition has also re-sulted in the polycyclicity of the mineralization.

关键词： Zhang geological Setting of the Porphyry Copper Deposit Series of China

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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic characteristics of natural gases from the Luliang and Baoshan basins in Yunnan Province, China

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第9期49卷 938-946页

作者： XU Yongchang1, LIU Wenhui2. SHEN Ping1, WANG Wanchun1, WANG Xiaofeng1, Tenger1, YAN Yaomin3.& LIU Ruobin3.1. Lanzhou center of Oil & Gas Resources, institute of geology and Geophsics, {2. Academy of {3., Lanzhou 73.000, China 2. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production, SINOPEC, beijing 100083. China 3. South Branch of Petroleum Exploration and Production Company, SINOPEC, Kuming 650000, China 1. Lanzhou center of Oil & Gas Resources Institute of Geology and Geophsics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China 3. South Branch of Petroleum Exploration and Production Company SINOPEC Kuming 650000 China

The Luliang and Baoshan basins of Yunnan Province are two small-sizedcontinental oil/gas-bearing sedimentary basins, which were developed at the bases of theCarboniferous and Devonian systems during the Late Tertiary, covering an area of 3.0} km^2.and 2.4km^2. respectively. Since the 1990s, there have been discovered small-sized natural gas pools inthese two basins. The natural gases are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gases, with nonhydrocarbonsaccounting for less than 2.. Of the hydrocarbon gases, methane accounts for more than 99%, and thecomponents above C_2.account for less than 0.2.. On the basis of previous studies of geologicalbackground, the composition of natural gases and their carbon isotopic composition, it has beendefined that these two gas pools are of bacterial origin. In this work we have comprehensivelymeasured the carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gases from these two basins andhave gone into the details of the mechanism of gas generation. The δ^(13.C_1 values of naturalgases from the Luliang Basin are within the range of -72.1 per thousand - -73.3.per thousand, andthe δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand - -2.4 per thousand, indicating that the bacterial gasgeneration is dominated by the way of CO_2.reduction. It has been evidenced that undercontinental-facies fresh water conditions there did occur the CO_2.reduction as a process ofbacterial gas generation. The δ^(13.C_1 values of natural gases from the Baoshan Basin are withinthe range of - 62.5 per thousand - -63.5 per thousand, and the δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand- -2.0 per thousand. These isotopic characteristics are fallen into transitional phase of acetatefermentation and CO_2.reduction as defined by Whiticar et al. (1986). An important discovery in theLuliang Basin is the carbon isotopic composition of ethane of purely biogenetic origin, i.e., itsδ^(13.C_2.values are within the range of - 61.2.per thousand - - 66.0 per thousand. These carbonisotopic values have been r

关键词： bacterial gas, carbon and hydrogen isotope, CO2 reduction, acetate fermentation.

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Characteristics of the Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary facies assemblages in the Songpan-Ruoergai area

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第3期17卷 305-313页

作者： YAN Zhen, YU Liangjun, LI Jiliang, BIAN Qiantao, WANG Zongqi and YANG Yongcheng ( institute of geology, chinese Academy of {2. {3., beijing 10003., China State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, institute of geology and Geophysics, chinese Academy of {3., beijing 10002., China Shaanxi Insititute of geology Survey, Xianyang 712.00, China) [a]institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China [b]State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [c]Shaanxi Insititute of geology Survey Xianyang China

The Middle-Late Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Songpan-Ruoergai area mainly consist of calcareous siltstone, muddy limestone, lithic arkose, feldspathic litharenite, mudstone, wormkalk, oolithic limestone, and conglomerate. Except for limestone bed increasing eastward longitudinally and vertically, the calcareous component of the sandstones increases obviously. Abundant benthic and plant fossils and their clasts occur within these rocks. The sedimentary structures predominately contain flaser, parallel, tabular, wavy, and herringbone cross beddings. These data coevally imply that the Middle-Late Triassic sediments deposited in the fluvial, lake and tide environments. Additionally, the rocks display graded, parallel, hummocky beddings, and sandy lamination, a feature characteristic of storm deposits.

关键词： Middle-Upper Triassic fluvial-lake environments tide environment tempestite Songpan-Ruoergai

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Late Precambrian Scissors--Type Opening--Closing Tectonics and Its Dynamics in South China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1996年第2期70卷 109-122页

作者： Xu Zhigang institute of Mineral Deposits, chinese Academy of {2. {3., beijing institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing

In this paper the author first reviews 6 major advances in the study of Precambrian geologyand tectonics of South China during the last decade, and then proposes the following new modelof Late Precambrian scissors-type opening-closing tectonic evolution in the region. (1) Besidesthe Middle-Late Proterozoic low-grade metamorphic basement, there existed a LateArchaean-Early Proterozoic medium- to high-garde metamorphic basement in South China;both of them formed the united Yangtze-Cathaysia (craton) at the end of the Early Proterozoic,with the Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf extending into the inland and the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu Peninsula lying on the northern side of the palaeogulf.(2. From the Middle Proterozoic,the present Guangxi-Guizhou-Hunan area in the western-central oldland was subjected toextensional rifting and became a rift trough, thus resulting in counterclockwise rotation of the'Cathaysian block' and clockwise rotation of the 'Yangtze block'; moreover, the southwardcompression of the Dabie-Jiaonan block which split from the southern margin of the NorthChina plate and was accreted to the northern margin of the Jiangxi-Anhui-Jiangsu Peninsula ledto the scissors-type closing of the Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf during the Middle-earlyLate Proterozoic, which further influenced the Early Palaeozoic tectonic evolution of the region.

关键词： Yangtze-Cathaysia Jiangxi-Anhui-Zhejiang palaeogulf Late Precambrian scissors-type opening-closing tectonics

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Impacts of the Wenchuan Earthquake on the Giant Panda Nature Reserves in China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第2期7卷 197-206页

作者： DENG Xiangzheng JIANG Qunou GE Quansheng YANG LinSheng institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China center for chinese Agricultural Policy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University of the chineseAcademy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Wenchuan Earthquake that occurred in May of 2.08 caused damages to large areas of Sichuan,Gansu,and Shaanxi provinces in *** from local governments and related management agencies show that the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas were heavily *** estimates in this paper of the impacts of the earthquake on the giant panda in the earthquake-hit areas were made based on the interpretation of remote sensing images and information collected by field survey.A rapid assessment method was designed to estimate the damages of the earthquake on giant panda *** using visual interpretation methods,we decoded the remote sensing images of the disaster area in the 49 giant panda nature *** results showed that the Wenchuan Earthquake and the succeeding secondary geological disasters caused great damages to the giant panda nature reserves and disturbed the normal life of the giant pandas there (e.g.,landscape fragmentation increased significantly).Undoubtedly,the life of the giant pandas there was ***,although the earthquake caused certain impacts on the giant pandas,it did not really threat their *** so,we still strongly advocate for protection of the giant pandas,and have prioritized a couple of measures to be taken to restore the giant panda nature reserves in the earthquake-hit areas.

关键词： Wenchuan earthquake Remote sensing Giant panda Giant panda nature reserve Rapid assessment method

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The Early Evolution of the Acanthomorphic Acritarchs in China and Their Biostratigraphical Implication

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1996年第2期70卷 193-206,219-220页

作者： Yin Chongyu and Gao Linzhi institute of geology, chinese Academy of {2. {3., beijing institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing

On the basis of a study of the acanthomorphic acritarchs discovered in the Late Proterozoicto Early Cambrian Meishucunian Stage in different regions of China, especially in southernShaanxi and the Yangtze Platform, coupled with a study of the assemblages, morphological cor-relation, microstructure, and evolutional relations of the acanthorphic acritarchs, as well as awide correlation with those found in different regions of the world, the authors discuss the earlyevolutionary stages of the acanthomorphs, features of their assemblages in various stages, theirbiostratigraphical significance, and their evolutionary trend in China.

关键词： acanthomorphic acritarch Late Proterozoic evolutionary stage biostratigraphy

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Indian Ocean-MORB-type isotopic signature of Yushigou ophiolite in North Qilian Mountains and its implications

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第6期49卷 561-572页

作者： HOU Qingye1,2. ZHAO Zhidan1,2. ZHANG Hongfei3. ZHANG Benren3.& CHEN Yuelong2.1. State Key Laboratory of {3. Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, {2. 100083. China 2. School of Earth Science and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, {2. 100083. China 3. Faculty of Earth sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, China 1. State Key Laboratory of geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China 2. School of Earth Science and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China 3. Faculty of Earth sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

In order to explore the disputed issue concerning the tectonic affinity ofthe ancient ocean mantle of North Qilian Mountains (NQM), geochemical and Sr, Nd, Pb isotopiccompositions of pillow basalts of the Yushigou Ophiolite (YSGO) suite from NQM have been analyzedsystematically. The pillow basalts exhibit tholeiitic characteristics, with flatchondrite-normalized REE patterns ((La/Yb)_N = 0.98—1.2.). They display no Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf negativeanomalies, and show MORB features in 2.b-Zr/4-Y and Ti/100-Zr-YX3.tectonic discrimination *** results indicate that the Yushigou ophiolite is most likely to be formed in a mid-ocean ridgeor mature back-arc basin. Their isotopic data show a relatively broad and enriched ^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr(0.70509 — 0.70700), restricted ^(143.Nd/^(144)Nd (0.512.55-0.512.78). Pb isotopes are in the rangeof ^(2.6)Pb/^(2.4)Pb (18.054-2..562., ^(2.7)Pb/^(2.4)Pb (15.53.-15.743. and ^(2.8)Pb/^(2.4)Pb(3..068-3..53.). These isotopic data imply that the basalts originated from the depleted mantle(DMM), with the involvement of enriched mantle components (mainly EMII). Geochemical comparisonsbetween the basalts in YSGO and the MORB-type basalts of ophiolite suites occurring in the knownancient Tethyan tectonic domain indicate that the ancient oceanic mantle represented by YSGO suiteforming in early Paleozoic in the North Qilian Moutains is very similar to the Tethyan mantle inboth trace elements and isotopic compositions. The North Qilian Mountains should be a part of theTethyan tectonic domain in early Paleozoic. This further implies that the Tethyan tectonic domaincan be deduced to early Paleozoic in the study area, which will be helpful to discussing thetectonic affinity and evolution of the North Qilian Mountains.

关键词： geochemistry, Indian Ocean-MORB-type isotopic signatures, Tethyan tectonic domain, Yushigou ophiolite, North Qilian Mountains.

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Virtual ChuanDian--A parallel numerical modeling of Sichuan-Yunnan regional strong earthquake activities: Model construction and parallel simulation

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Science China Earth sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1585-1598页

作者： ZHANG Huai1, WU ZhongLiang1,2. ZHANG DongNing2. LIU Jie2. WANG Hui2. YAN ZhenZhen1,2.& SHI YaoLin11 Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Graduate University of chinese Academy of sciences, {2. 100049, China 2.{3. of Geophysics, chinese Earthquake Administration, {2. 100081, China 1. Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China 2. institute of Geophysics Chinese Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China

Reasonable use of mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of regional earthquake activities has attracted more and more attentions in realistic seismicity studies in recent years. The inherent nature of their attendant multi-scale properties, from either the temporal or the spatial direction, necessitates the use of the cutting-edge massive parallel data processing techniques. Our study here is focused on the model construction and numerical simulation of the regional stress evolution after large earthquake sequences along the fault zones in Sichuan and Yunnan areas, using large-scale parallel finite element approximations with tens of millions of unstructured meshes on the distributed systems. The objective of our study is to provide a state-of-the-art model and a large-scale numerical simulation platform, on which estimation of the risk of large earthquake triggering sequences can be carried out in a middle or long-term time scale with realistic data and constrains inputted from field observation and geological survey.

关键词： Sichuan-Yunan area seismic processing parallel simulation initial stress field

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