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Quantitative studies of hydrocarbon loss of the Silurian bitumen sandstone in the tarim Basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 101-107页

作者： JIANG ZhenXue1,2.PANG XiongQi1,2.LIU LuoFu1,2.WANG XianDong3,ZHANG Jun4 & LI HongYi1,2.1 Basin and Reservoir research Center,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,china 2.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102.49,china 3 research institute of exploration and development,Daqing Oilfield company Ltd,Daqing 163712.china 4 Petroleum exploration and Production institute of SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,china Basin and Reservoir research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China research institute of {2. and development Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd Daqing China Petroleum exploration and Production institute of SINOPEC Beijing China

The evolution of tarim Basin experienced several tectonic movements,of which Caledonian movement caused a serious damage to reservoirs of Silurian. The earlier reservoirs size and the later hydrocarbon loss are two key factors to exploration prospect of Silurian. On the basis of net thickness of bituminous sandstone and recovery coefficient of crude oil converting to bitumen,the scale of the hydrocarbon loss of palaeo-accumulation in bitumen sandstone of Silurian was calculated (86.30×108t). The deter-mination of net thickness of bitumen sandstone was completed mainly by several methods,such as physical property demarcation,observing lithology,grains with oil inclusion (GOI) technology,and quantitative grains fluorescence (QGF) technology. The samples of black sandstone and white sand-stone were collected and compared by means of the methods mentioned above. The results showed that there was little hydrocarbon,or none,in the white sandstone. The recovery coefficient was ob-tained by the analyses of plentiful physical parameters of crude oil and bitumen sandstone,based on the hypothesis that nonhydrocarbon compounds and bitumen were invariable in the process of bitu-men forming. The calculated result,which is more scientific and actual,indicates the exploration pros-pect is more promising in Silurian of the tarim Basin.

关键词： tarim Basin Silurian bitumen sandstone hydrocarbon loss quantitative research recovery coefficient

Controls on reservoir quality in the paleogene Kalatar Formation of the southwestern region of the tarim Basin,china

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Petroleum Science 2011年第3期8卷 302-315页

作者： Yang Haijun Shen Jian-Wei Wang Xu Zhang Lijuan Li Meng Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology of CAS South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China exploration and development {2. institute Tarim Oilfield Company Petroleum Company Limited Korla 841000 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Paleogene Kalatar Formation is a main target for petroleum ex12. ploration in the southwestern region of the tarim Basin （SWRTB） and a systematical summary of controls on reservoirs of high quality has important implications for this area. According to outcrop analysis, as well as core, and laboratory experiments based on theories of sedimentology, it can be inferred that the main pore types in the Kalatar Formation are moldic, vuggy, intercrystalline and interparticle pores, fractures, and mudstone microporosity, respectively. The foreshore in the shore-shelf depositional model is the most favorable target, wherein grainstone and dolomitized grainstone are characterized by high quality in a middle ramp subfacies of the carbonate ramp model. Diagenetic factors, such as micritization, cementation, compaction, neomorphism, silicification, and pyritization, are detrimental for reservoirs. At the same time, leaching and dolomitization can improve the quality of reservoirs. Permeability of reservoirs can be greatly improved by fractures, through which quality of reservoirs can be effectively enhanced. Concentration of CO2. temperature, and humidity are affected by changes in climate, which can have an influence on depositional setting, composition and diagenesis of sediments, and eventually the properties of reservoirs. The hot and arid climate of the Paleogene was harmful to development of reservoirs, which is demonstrated in the contemporaneous diagenetic and epigenetic stages. Shallow and deep-burial diagenesis are closely related to the formation and the connate water, however these are rarely affected by paleo-climatic variation. There is possible erosion that mainly resulted from organic acid in relative well intervals according to indications of hydrocarbons in the early diagenetic stage. Fracture systems can be established when acidic fluids are ernplaced during periods of uplift, by which pores can be effectively enlarged during the late diagenetic stages.

关键词： Kalatar Formation sedimentary facies diagenesis dolomitization fractures climaticconditions Tarirn Basin

Hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics and difference analysis in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the tarim Basin

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Petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Pang Xiongqi Yang Haijun Li Zhuo Xiang Caifu Gu Qiaoyuan State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Beijing 102249 China Basin and Reservoirresearch Center China University＂ of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China exploration and development {2. of the tarim Oilfield company PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

The reservoirs in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the tarim Basin are complex, and the hydrocarbon enrichment shows differences. The three Carboniferous oil layers are characterized by ＂oil in the upper and lower layers and gas in the middle＂ in profile and ＂oil in the west and gas in the east＂ in plane view. In order to discuss the complex reservoir accumulation mechanisms, based on the petroleum geology and reservoir distribution, we studied the generation history of source rocks, the fault evolution and sealing, the accumulation periods and gas washing, and reconstructed the accumulation process of the TZ1-TZ4 well block. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon enrichment differences of oil layers CIII, CII and CI were caused by multiple sources and multi-period hydrocarbon charging and adjustment. The CII was closely related to CIII, but CI was formed by reservoir adjustment during the Yanshan period and was not affected by gas washing after it was formed. During the Himalayan period, different degrees of gas washing in the east and west led to hydrocarbon enrichment differences on the plane. The Carboniferous accumulation process of two-stage charging and one-stage adjustment is summarized： oil charging during the late Hercynian period is the first accumulation period of CIII and CII; oil reservoirs were adjusted into CI in the Yanshan period; finally gas washing in the Himalayan period is the second accumulation period of CIII and CII, but CI was not affected by gas washing. This complex accumulation process leads to the hydrocarbon enrichment differences in the TZ1-TZ4 well block.

关键词： tarim Basin enrichment difference multi-source and multi-period charging accumulation process

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第10期47卷 886-895页

作者： TANG Liangjie1,2. JIA Chengzao3, PI Xuejun4, CHEN Suping1,2. WANG Zhiyu5, XIE Huiwen4 1. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry, Beijing 102.49, china 2. Basin & Reservoir research Center, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102.49, china 3. Petrochina company Limited, Beijing 100011, china 4. tarim Oilfield company, Petrochina company Ltd., kurle 841000, china 5. Department of Geology, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102.49, china Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing China Basin & Reservoir research Center University of Petroleum Beijing China Petrochina company Limited Beijing China tarim Oilfield {2. PetroChina Company Ltd. Kurle China Department of Geology University of Petroleum Beijing China

The salt beds of Lower Tertiary developed in the mid-segment of kuqa foreland fold belt, northern tarim basin. They considerably controlled structural deformation of the belt. Ac- cording to the field observation, seismic profile interpretation and drilling data, three different structural styles of supra-salt, intra-salt and sub-salt occurred in the kuqa foreland fold belt. Su- pra-salt structural styles mainly include thrust faults and fault-related sags. Intra-slat structural styles essentially are salt-pillows, intra-salt faults and folds, and salt weld structures. Sub-salt structural styles mainly consist of imbricated thrust faults, duplex structures, pop-up and fault-related folds. It is indicated that great differences exist among supra-salt, intra-salt and sub-salt structures of kuqa foreland fold belt. The salt-related structures were formed in the same structural stress field. The dynamic mechanism of the salt-related structures is mainly associated with gravitation, compression and plastic flow of salt beds.

关键词： salt-related structural style, supra-salt structure, intra-salt structure, sub-salt structure, kuga foreland fold belt.

Control of neotectonic movement on hydrocarbon accumulation in the kuqa Foreland Basin,west china

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Petroleum Science 2010年第1期7卷 49-58页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Li Lianxia Song Yan Tian Fenghua Zhao Mengjun Wang Haijiang Zhao Zhenxing State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Basin and Reservoir research Center China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China exploration and development {2. institute PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Department of exploration ＆ development PetroChina CBM Limited Company Beijing 100013 China exploration Department Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Kuerle Xinjiang 841000 China No.8 Oil Production Plant Changqing Oilfield Company PetroChina Xi＇an Shaanxi 710018 China

Neotectonic movement refers to the tectonic movement that has happened since the Cenozoic, which is the latest movement. It has the most important influence on the basins in west china, especially on the hydrocarbon accumulation in the western foreland basins. We determined the time of neotectonic movement in the kuqa Foreland Basin, which began from the Neogene, and analyzed the patterns of movement, which were continuous and fast subsidence in the vertical direction and intense lateral compression. The structure styles are that the faulting is weakened and the folding is strengthened gradually from north to south. We studied the control of neotectonic movement on the hydrocarbon accumulation process and model in the kuqa Foreland Basin with basin simulation technique. The largest subsidence rate of the kuqa Foreland Basin reached 1,2.0 m/Ma during the neotectonic movement, leading to rapid maturing of source rock within 5 Ma and a large quantity of hydrocarbon being generated and expelled. The thick neotectonic strata can form high quality reservoirs with the proved gas and oil reserves accounting for 5% and 2.% of the total reserves, respectively. 86% of the structural traps were formed in the neotectonic movement period. The faults formed during the neotectonic movement serve as important migration pathways and they exist in the region where the hydrocarbon reservoirs are distributed. Abnormally high pressure caused by the intense lateral compression, thick neotectonic strata deposition and rapid hydrocarbon generation provide driving force for hydrocarbon migration. The accumulation elements match each other well over a short period, leading to many large gas fields formed later in the kuqa Foreland Basin.

关键词： kuqa Foreland Basin neotectonic movement accumulation element accumulation process accumulation model

Classification of carbonate gas condensate reservoirs using well test and production data analyses

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Petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 70-78页

作者： Li Yong Li Baozhu Hu Yongle Xia Jing Liu Zhaowei Deng Xingliang She Zhicheng Fan kun research institute of Petroleum {2. and development PetroChinaBeijing 100083.China china National Oil ＆ Gas exploration and {2. Corporation PetroChinaBeijing 100034China tarim Oilfield {2. PetroChinaKorlaXingjiang 841000China

Carbonate reservoir patterns play an important role in the production performance of oil and gas wells,and it is usually classified through static data analysis which cannot reflect the actual well *** paper takes the Tazhong No.1 gas field in the tarim Basin,{2. as an example to investigate the classification of carbonate *** classification method mainly combines well test analysis with production analysis—especially the Blasingame type curve *** on the characteristics of type curves for well test analysis and the Blasingame method,the relationship between the type curves and reservoir pattern was *** than 2. wells were analyzed and the reservoirs were classified into 3 major patterns with 7 ***,the classification results were validated by dynamic performance analysis of wells in the Tazhong No.1 gas *** the basis of the classification results,well stimulation（*** flooding in a single well） was carried out in three volatile-oil wells,and the oil recovery increased by up to 2.%.

关键词： Carbonate reservoir pattern well test analysis production analysis type curve

Calculation of depth to detachment and its significance in the kuqa Depression:A discussion

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Petroleum Science 2009年第1期6卷 17-20页

作者： Li Shiqin Feng Lei Tang Pengcheng Rao Gang Bao Yahong Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China research institute of {2. and development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 840000 China Archives of tarim Oilfield {2. PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 840000 China

We analyze the excess area and depth to detachment method developed by Epard and Groshong （1993）, and apply it to the sand box model of Ge et al （2.04） to illustrate that inadequate consideration will affect the calculation of true depth to detachment. Using the data of Yu et al （2.06） to fit linear regression lines, we obtain the depths to detachment of Kela-2. Misikantage anticline and Dongqiu-8 structures, 115.74km, 14.17km, and 75.48km below the reference level （Cretaceous bottom） respectively with the excess area intercept equal to zero. However, the calculation results of depth to detachment in Yu et al （2.06） are based on excess area intercept unequal to zero.

关键词： Excess area depth to detachment kuqa Depression

The formation mechanism of high-quality dolomite reservoir in the deep of Puguang Gas field

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 53-64页

作者： MA YongSheng 1 ,GUO TongLou 1 ,ZHAO XueFeng 2.&CAI XunYu 1 1 Southern exploration&Production company,Sinopec,kunming 6502.0,{2. 2.3} University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,{2. Southern exploration & Production company Sinopec China china University of Mining and Technology Beijing China

The discovery of Puguang Gas field provides the exploration of{2. deep marine carbonate rock with important *** Puguang Gas field,the dolomite reservoirs discovered in the deep are the best in the present of{2.,which present big thickness and wide-range distribution,and develop abundant secondary *** researches show that Puguang Gas field bears the characteristics of early gas-filling time,deep burial,high matured organic matter and long-term interaction of hydrocarbon(oil and gas)-water-rock(carbonate reservoir).The developments of secondary pores in this area are affected by multiple diagenesis and their formation mechanisms are *** the research on depositional environment,sedimentary facies and reservoir porosity characters of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations,it is thought that high-quality dolomite reservoirs of Puguang Gas field form on the favorable sedimentary facies belts,which are the integrate result affected by several factors including superficial corrosion,burial corrosion,overpressure and tectonic movement,among which burial corrosion of TSR to reservoir and overpressure formed by thermal evolution of organic matter have great effect on the formation of secondary porosity of Changxing and Feixianguan Formations.

关键词： deep high-quality reservoir dolomite corrosion Puguang Gas field Sichuan Basin

Two accumulation modes of marine-origin natural gas in the tarim Basin

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S1期 215-223页

作者： WANG HongJun1, ZHAO WenZhi1, HU GuoYi1 & HU JianFeng2.1 research institute of Petro{2. exploration and development, Beijing 100083, china 2.research institute of the tarim Oilfield Corporation, Petro{2., Korla 841000, china

Hetianhe gas field, Lungudong gas field and Tazhong gas field are marine marine-origin natural gas reservoirs in the craton area in the tarim Basin. The natural gas is generated from Cambrian source rocks. The simulation experiment indicated that the cracking of the dispersedly dissoluble organic matter remaining in the source rocks is the main origin of marine natural gas. There are two modes to form gas reservoirs, one is the dry gas reservoir such as Hetianhe gas field, in which gas accumulated on the fault belt with violent tectonic movement, the other is condensate gas reservoir formed on the inheriting uplift such as Lunnan and Tazhong gas fields. The hybrid simulation experiment of cracking gas and crude oil indicated that crude oil accumulated on a large scale in those uplift belts at the early stage, and natural gas filled the ancient oil reservoir at the late stage, and the gas reservoirs were formed after the gas mixed with the crude oil.

关键词： tarim Basin marine natural gas origin cracking accumulation