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Simulation of sea surface temperature changes in the Middle Pliocene warm period and comparison with reconstructions

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science Bulletin 2011年第9期56卷 892-901页

作者： YAN Qing1,2*, ZHANG ZhongShi3,1*, WANG HuiJun1,4, JIANG DaBang1,4,5 & ZHENG WeiPeng6 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, Institute of atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china 3 Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, UniResearch, Bergen N-5007, Norway 4 Climate Change Research Center, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 5 key laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 6 National key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics, Institute of atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research UniResearch Bergen N-5007 Norway Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China key laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China National key laboratory of {2. modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The Middle Pliocene (ca 3.12.2.97 Ma) is a recent warm period in the Earth’s history. In many respects, the warmth of the Middle Pliocene is similar to the probable warm situation of the late 2.st century predicted by climate models. Understanding the Middle Pliocene climate is important in predicting the future climate with global warming. Here, we used the latest reconstructions for the Middle Pliocene—Pliocene Research Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping (PRISM) version 3—to simulate the Middle Pliocene climate with a fully coupled model Fast Ocean Atmosphere Model. From comparison of the results of simulations with reconstructions, we considered two important scientific topics of Middle Pliocene climate modeling: extreme warming in the subpolar North Atlantic and a permanent El Ni?o in the tropical Pacific. Our simulations illustrate that the global annual mean sea surface temperature (SST) in the Middle Pliocene was about 2.3°C higher than that in the pre-industrial era. The warming was stronger at midand high latitudes than at low latitudes. The simulated SST changes agree with SST reconstructions in PRISM3 data, especially for the North Atlantic, North Pacific and west coast of South America. However, there were still discrepancies between the simulation of the SST and reconstructions for the subpolar North Atlantic and tropical Pacific. In the case of the Atlantic, the weakened meridional overturning circulation in the simulation did not support the reconstruction of the extremely warm condition in the subpolar North Atlantic. In the case of the tropical Pacific, the whole ocean warmed, especially the eastern tropical Pacific, which did not support the permanent El Ni?o suggested by the reconstruction. From evaluation of the modeling and reconstruction, we suggest that the above discrepancies were due to uncertainties in reconstructions, difficulties in paleoclimate modeling and deficiencies of climate models. The discrepancies should be reduced through cons

关键词： Middle Pliocene sea surface temperature permanent El Ni?o numerical modeling extreme warming

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Weakening Trend in the atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau during Recent ***Ⅱ:Connection with Climate Warming

Weakening Trend in the Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibe...

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“2.10年北京气象学会中青年优秀论文评选”学术研讨会

作者： ANMIN DUAN AND GUOXIONG WU state key {2. of numerical Modelling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid.dynamics, Institute of atmospheric Physics,chinese.academy of sciences,{12.,china

In PartⅠthe authors have shown that heating sources in spring over the Tibetan Plateau(TP),and in particular the sensible heat flux(SHF),exhibit a significant weakening trend since the mid-1980s that is induced mainly by decreased surface wind *** possible reason of such a change is further investigated in PartⅡby analyzing historical observations and the NCEP/Department of Energy(DOE) *** steady declining trend in the surface wind speed over the TP after the 1970s arises mainly from the zonal *** the mean altitude of the TP is about 600 hPa and the surface flow is controlled by the East Asian subtropical westerly jet(EASWJ) for most parts of the year,the substantial tropospheric warming in the mid- and high latitudes to the north of the plateau results in a decrease of the meridional pressure gradient in the *** a result,the EASWJ and the surface winds over the TP are decelerated. Moreover,changes of the general circulation in the twentieth century simulated by 16 coupled climate models driven by natural and anthropogenic forcings are *** results suggest that sulfate aerosol indirect effects and ozone may be important in reproducing the weakening trend in EASWJ. Although nearly half of the models can successfully reproduce the observed trends in the EASWJ during the last two decades,there is an obvious spread in simulation of the spatial patterns of twentieth-century tropospheric temperatures,suggesting significant room still exists for improvement of the current state-of-theart coupled climate models.

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Statistical characteristics of the double ridges of subtropical high in the Northern Hemisphere

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science Bulletin 2005年第20期 82-87页

作者： ZHAN Ruifen1,2.3, LI Jianping1 & HE Jinhai2. 1. state key {2. of numerical modeling for atmospheric Sci- ences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG), Institute of Atmos- pheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. Department of atmospheric {12., Institute of Meteorology, Nan- jing University of Information science and Technology, Nanjing 2.0044, china 3. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china

The generality and some climatological charac- teristics of the double ridge systems of subtropical high (SH) are investigated statistically by using the daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1958 to 1998. The results show that the SH double-ridge event is a common phenomenon in the Northern Hemisphere, with the distinct seasonal and re- gional features, that is, the majority of SH double-ridge geneses concentrate over the eastern North India Ocean- western North Pacific as well as the central North Pacific in the period from mid-July to mid-September. Especially over the western North Pacific subtropics, the SH double-ridge events are extremely active. It is found that the life cycle of most double-ridge events of western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) is shorter but some still last longer. The WPSH dou- ble-ridge events occur most frequently from July to Septem- ber, while there is a paucity of occurrences during Novem- ber-March. Also, it is shown that the WPSH double-ridge events have a strong interannual variation with a certain periodicity which possesses a remarkably abrupt change in the mid-1970s. Additionally, the relationship between the WPSH double ridges and the meridional movement of WPSH is discussed.

关键词： subtropical high double ridges statistical characteristics meridional movement.

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modeling of Dust Flux to Oceans from Asian Continent

Modeling of Dust Flux to Oceans from Asian Continent

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第三届中日韩气象学术会议

作者： Shen Yanbo~(1,2. Shi Guangyu~2.(1.laboratory for Climate Studies,National Climate Center,Center for Wind and Solar Energy Resources Assessment,china Meteorological Administration,{2.,100081 2.state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid {{12.(LASG),Institute of atmospheric Physics,chinese academy sciences,{2.,100029)

＜正＞Plenty of dust aerosols are blown into atmosphere during the frequent Asian dust *** aerosols have not only direct and indirect climate effects through radiative processes,but also have important influences on the oceanic environment. As dust aerosols carrying nutriments like Fe fall into ocean,they will facilitate oceanic primary *** change in oceanic primary productivities will then cause the change in the flux ofradiatively active gases between ocean and atmosphere and result in the climate change *** the studying of these profound items, estimation of dust flux into oceans is an important *** this report,two schemes and relative observation data are combined to study the dust deposition flux and amount into seas near china from Asian continent during the spring of 2.06.

关键词： Dust aerosol chinese Seas Deposition Flux numerical simulation Aerosol Optical Depth

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The relationship between middle stratiform clouds and large scale circulation over eastern china

The relationship between middle stratiform clouds and large ...

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中国气象学会2.06年年会“气候变化及其机理和模拟”分会场

作者： Yunying Li1,2.and Hong Gu2. state key {2. of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG), Institute of atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, {{12.,{12.. 2.Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of science and Technology, Nanjing,china.

Eastern china is the globally unique land region with lots of middle stratiform clouds in cold seasons. The distribution of this specific stratiform cloud is determined by three main factors, viz, rel

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Formation of the thermal-driven boundary jet in an f-plane mesoscale basin

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science china Earth {2. 2008年第1期51卷 152-160页

作者： FENG LiCheng1,2.& CHAO JiPing3,4 1 state key {2. of numerical modeling for atmospheric science and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG), Institute of atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences,{{12.,{12. 2.Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049,{12. 3 National Marine Environment Forecast Center, beijing 100081,{12. 4 First Institute of Oceanography, state Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 2.6061,{12. 1. state key {2. of numerical modeling for atmospheric science and geophysical fluid dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. National Marine Environment Forecast Center Beijing 100081 China 4. First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China

The paper adopts an f-plane quasi-geostrophic inertial model without linearization to investigate the perturbation temperature, boundary jet and upwelling (downwelling) in an idealized rectangular basin, under the consideration of west side friction layer and heat conservation. There is net heat input on the upper surface and equal quality heat dissipation on the west boundary, and without heat exchange on other boundaries, then the heat is conservation in the whole basin. Results show that there is thermal front due to denseness of the perturbation temperature in the west side boundary, the perturbation pressure and flow field are reversal on the upper layer and bottom layer. On the bottom layer, the west coastal current is northward, and the maximum perturbation pressure center is on the west, however, on the upper layer, the east coastal current is southward, and the maximum perturbation pressure center is on the east. There is strong vertical flow in narrow western boundary layer, and also in the central zone. The effect of different upper thermal forcings is also studied, and it can be concluded that there is always temperature denseness and boundary jet near the west boundary, and the appearance of flow field reversal, but the distribution of vertical flow is rather different.

关键词： boundary jet vertical flow thermal front thermal-driven heat conservation

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INTERDECADAL CHANGE OF KOREA LANDFALLING TROPICAL CYCLONE FREQUENCY AND ITS POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION WITH PDO

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2016年第3期5卷 58-71页

作者： Jae-Won Choi Yumi Cha Hae-Dong Kim state key {2. of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics,Institute of atmospheric Physics,chinese {{12. of sciences National Institute of Meteorological sciences Department of Global Environment,Keimyung University state key {2. of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences National Institute of Meteorological sciences Department of Global Environment Keimyung University

The present study verified that Korea landfalling tropical cyclone(TC) frequency was rapidly increased since 1981 through the statistical change-point analysis. The increase was due to the formation of anomalous southerlies around Korea from the low latitude ultimately because anomalous cyclone was strengthened in East Asia continent due to the movement of western North Pacific subtropical high(WNPSH) to the east whereas anomalous anticyclone was strengthened in the western North Pacific. The anomalous southerlies played a role in steering flow that moved TCs generated in the subtropical western North Pacific to Korea. In order to determine the cause of strengthening of anomalous cyclone in East Asia continent, a snow depth during the preceding spring(March-May) was analyzed. The analysis result showed that most regions in East Asia had lower snow depth than that before 1981. Thus, anomalous cyclone can be developed in the region during summer due to heating in East Asia continent, which was started from the preceding spring, thereby forming a steering flow of anomalous southerlies that can move TCs into Korea. Furthermore, a correlation analysis between Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) and Korea landfalling TC frequency verified that negative correlation was somewhat stronger after 1981.

关键词： Korea tropical cyclone statistical change-point analysis snow depth Pacific Decadal Oscillation

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A Further Investigation on Tropical Indian Ocean Dipole Index

A Further Investigation on Tropical Indian Ocean Dipole Inde...

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第三届中日韩气象学术会议

作者： Tan Yanke~1 Du Zhencai~2.Li Chongyin~(1 3) 1 Lab for Applied Geophysics Institute of Meteorology PLA University of science and Technology Nanjing 2.1101 2.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences {2. 100049 3 state key laboratory of numerical modeling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid {{12. Institute of atmospheric Physics chinese academy of sciences {2. 100029

＜正＞The Indian Ocean Dipole（IOD）mode,which is also known as the Indian Ocean Zonal mode,is characterized by an east-west dipole pattern in sea surface temperature （SST）*** SST anomalies are found to be closely associated with changes in surface *** anomalous winds related to IOD raise（deepen）the thermocline in the east（west）that gives rise to a subsurface ***,data analyses revealed that the SST anomalies in the eastern tropical Indian Ocean（TIO）,together with the temperature anomalies above 50m and below 150m in situ,are positively related to the western *** temperature anomalies in subsurface from 50- 150m in the eastern TIO are negatively related to the analogue in the western *** a consequence,the subsurface dipole pattern is much stronger than the mode in the *** fact,the primary modes of SST anomalies are composed by the monopole pattern and *** former with basin wide same sign,are reacts of SST in TIO to ENSO at interannual time scale and to the global warming by the surface thermal fluxes between air and *** latter are dominated by the ocean-atmosphere dynamic *** such a way a new index of IOD are revised in terms of SST anomalies with monopole *** revised index gives a similar structure in surface to the pattern in subsurface,i.e.,the eastern pole exists in the southeast TIO, and the western pole is consisted of two centers off equatorial Indian *** structure implies that the western anomalies are possible Rossby-like response to the eastern *** composite of extreme IOD events shows that the evolutions are rather a local seesaw style oscillation than *** work is supported by china National Natural science Foundation under grant 40405010.

关键词： air-sea interaction Indian Ocean Dipole anomalous temperature pattern

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Weakening Trend in the atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibetan Plateau during Recent Decades. Part Ⅱ: Connection with Climate Warming

Weakening Trend in the Atmospheric Heat Source over the Tibe...

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第七届全国优秀青年气象科技工作者学术研讨会

作者： ANMIN DUAN AND GUOXIONG WU state key {2. of numerical Modelling for atmospheric sciences and geophysical fluid dynamics, Institute of atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing,{{12. (Manuscript received 30 June 2.08, in final form 2.March 2.09)

In Part I the authors have shown that heating sources in spring over the Tibetan Plateau （TP）, and in particular the sensible heat flux （SHF）, exhibit a significant weakening trend since the mid-1980s that is induced mainly by decreased surface wind speed. The possible reason of such a change is further investigated in Part II by analyzing historical observations and the NCEP/Department of Energy （DOE） reanalysis. The steady declining trend in the surface wind speed over the TP after the 1970s arises mainly from the zonal component. Since the mean altitude of the TP is about 600 hPa and the surface flow is controlled by the East Asian subtropical westerly jet （EASWJ） for most parts of the year, the substantial tropospheric warming in the mid- and high latitudes to the north of the plateau results in a decrease of the meridional pressure gradient in the subtropics. As a result, the EASWJ and the surface winds over the TP are decelerated. Moreover, changes of the general circulation in the twentieth century simulated by 16 coupled climate models driven by natural and anthropogenic forcings are examined. Intercomparison results suggest that sulfate aerosol indirect effects and ozone may be important in reproducing the weakening trend in EASWJ. Although nearly half of the models can successfully reproduce the observed trends in the EASWJ during the last two decades, there is an obvious spread in simulation of the spatial patterns of twentieth-century tro-pospheric temperatures, suggesting significant room still exists for improvement of the current state-of-the-art coupled climate models.

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SEASONAL CIRCULATION IN THE NORTHWESTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC OCEAN DIAGNOSED WITH THE ASSIMILATION DATA FROM 1989 THROUGH 1997

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第3期13卷 65-73页

作者： Wang, Fan Chang, Ping Hu, Dun-Xin Howard, Seidel Inst. of Oceanology Chinese Acad. of Sci. Qingdao 266071 China

An assimilation data set based on the geophysical fluid {2. laboratory (GFDL) Modular Ocean Model version 3 (MOM3) and the NODC XBT data set is used to examine the circulation and its variabilities in the western tropical Pacific, with special emphasis on the seasonal variations. It is shown that the assimilated and observed mean velocities and transports of the major flows in the western tropical Pacific agree well. The flows in the north Pacific, including the North Equatorial Current (NEC), Kuroshio, Mindanao Current (MC) and north Equatorial Countercurrent (NECC) west of 140°E display the seasonal cycles almost in the same phase, with the biggest transport in spring and the smallest in autumn. The phase of the NECC seasonal cycle east of 140°E is opposite to that in the west. Besides of the annual cycle, there seems to be a semi-annual fluctuation of the NECC transport possibly resulting from the phase lag between seasonal cycles of the NEC and NGCC. Strong in summer during the southeast monsoon, the seasonal cycle of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is closely linked with those of both the MC and the New Guinea Coastal Current/Undercurrent (NGCC/NGCUC), but not as strong as that in observations probably caused by the superimposed seasonal and interannual variations. Variations on the interannual time scale are also discussed, but only indistinct interannual variations of the flows related to the ENSO are revealed during 1989-1997. Transport of the NEC, Kuroshio and NECC are slightly larger in the E1 Nino years when that of the ITF is weaker, while the MC has little ENSO-related variation. There were also quasi-biennial signals superimposing the ENSO-like oscillations in the flows, but their relationships with the ENSO are still unclear.

关键词： Climatology Data handling Flow of water

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