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Spectral response of rice(Oryza sativa L.) leaves to Fe^(2.) stress

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第8期52卷 747-753页

作者： CHI GuangYu1,2.CHEN Xin1,SHI Yi1 & LIU XinHui3 1 key laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,{2. 2.Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100049,{2. 3 state key joint laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution {12.,School of Environment,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,{2. key laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China state key {2. laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

In the management of lake eutrophication,the regulation effect of Fe is considered,in addition to the controlling nitrogen-and phosphorus *** on the "Fe hypothesis",this paper tentatively applied plant spectral response to the remote sensing early-warning mechanism of lake eutrophication.A laboratory water culture experiment with rice(Oryza sativa L.) was conducted to study Fe uptake by plants and the chlorophyll concentration and visible-near infrared spectrum of vegetable leaves as well as their interrelations under Fe2. *** spectral indices,i.e.,A1(integral value of the changes of spectral reflectivity in the range 460―670 nm under Fe2. stress),A2.integral value of the changes of spectral reflectivity in the range of 760―1000 nm under Fe2. stress) and S(blue-shift range of red edge curve under Fe2. stress),were used to establish quantitative models about the relationships between the rice leaf spectrum and Fe2. *** the increase of Fe2. in a culture solution,the Fe content in rice plants increased,while the chlorophyll concentration in vegetative leaves *** spectral reflectivity of vegetable leaves increased in the visible light band but decreased in the near infrared band,and the blue-shift range of the red edge curve *** indices A1,A2.and S all had significant correlations with the Fe content in rice leaves,the correlation coefficient being respectively 0.951(P 2.> 0.96) and predict the Fe level in rice leaves.

关键词： rice(Oryza sativa L.) spectrum Fe2. lake eutrophication

Excavation and characterization of refuse in closed landfill

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2002年第3期14卷 303-308页

作者： ZHAO You cai (The state key {2. of pollution control and Resource Reuse, School of environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. china. ) state key {2. of pollution control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

Refuse in landfills becomes stabilized as organic matter in refuse degrades and soluble inorganic substances dissolve during their long term stabilization process. In this paper, this process is also referred to as mineralization process and the resultant stabilized refuse referred to as aged refuse. Aged refuse contains a wide spectrum and huge quantity of microorganisms with strong decomposition capability for refractory organic matter present in some wastewater such as leachate. In this study, aged refuse excavated from 2.to 10 years old closed landfill compartments in Shanghai Refuse Landfill is characterized in terms of particulate distribution by screening, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, biodegradable matter. The approaches for redevelopment of both land and aged refuse in the stabilized landfills are proposed.

关键词： landfill refuse mineralization

A MACRO-SCALE SEMI-DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODEL AND APPLICATION TO THE DATONG RIVER VALLEY

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第6期17卷 667-676页

作者： YANG Zhi-feng LIU Lu-liu SHEN Zhen-yao GORDON G. Huang state key {2. of Water environmental simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal Uni- versity Beijing 100875 China National Climate Center Beijing 100081 China Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Canada

A daily distributed hydrological model was developed using routine hydro meteorological data on the basis of the raster DEM and land cover data. Then the model was used to model daily runoff of the Datong River Valley located in the upper catchment of the Yellow River Basin. The runoff comprises surface flow, subsurface flow and ground water flow. Evapotranspiration comprises canopy evaporation, snow sublimation and soil evapotranspiration. The infiltration to the soil was estimated with improved Green-Ampt model, and the potential evapotranspiration is estimated with Morton CRAE method, which only needs the routine meteorological data. simulation results and the comparison with semi distributed SLURP hydrological model show that the structure of the model presented herein is reasonable.

关键词： hydrological model Yellow River GIS runoff

SPECTRUM CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR IONCONCENTRATIONS AT WUHAN SECTOIN OF THECHANGJIANG RIVER

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Chinese Geographical Science 2001年第4期11卷 29-34页

作者： XIA Xing-hui1, CHEN Jing-sheng2. CAI Xu-yi3(1. Institute of environmental Sciences, beijing Normal University / {2. key joint laboratory of environmentalsimulation and pollution control, beijing 100875, P. R. china 2. Department of U Institute of environmental Sciences Beijing Normal University/ State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Beijing P.R. China Department of Urban & environmental Science Peking University Beijing P. R. China Geography Department Graduate School of University of Science and Technique of China Beijing P. R. China

ABSTRACT: Spectrum analyses of water quality time series have been carried out for five hydrometric stations including Wuhan hydrometric station of the Changjiang( Yangtze) River, etc. The fluctuations of Ca2.+, Mg2. and HCO3-concentrations in river water under different physical geography conditions have about two-year cycle which is corresponding to hydrometeorological quasi-biannual-oscillation(QBO). Na + Cl- SO2.4 have about two-year cycle in the area lightly affected by human activities while two-year cycle doesn’t exist in the area heavily affected by human activities. All the fluctuations of major ions have about three-month cycle. The river discharge fluctuation accounts for 43. 9% , 45.1%, 54.3%, 33.9%, 30.3% and 42. 7% of the variance of Ca2.+, Mg2. HC03-, Na+ Cl-, SO2.4, respectively, at Wuhan from 1962.to 1985. According to the spectrum characteristic of major ions, the duration of the time series has to be at least 13 years for trend analysis of monthly water quality data.

关键词： major ions spectrum characteristic of water quality water quality change the Changjiang River

EXPERIMENTS ON SELF-PURIFICATION OF HEAVY METALPOLLUTANTS IN NATURAL RIVERS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 1999年第1期11卷 20-32页

作者： Huang Sui-liang (Water Environment simulation laboratory, {2. key joint laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875,P. R.{12.) Wan Zhao-hui (Deportment of Sedimentation Engineering,{12. Ins

This paper is concerned with the experiments of simulating self-purification of heavy metal pollutants in natural rivers, such as tributaries polluted by heavy metal polutants joining a main stream, or an uncontaminated tributary with much sediment entering a main stream polluted by heavy metal pollutants, and the experiments on the effect of sediment movement on the adsorption of heavy metal pollutants. Further-more, the effect of turbulence, sediment supply conditions and sediment motion patterns on the adsorption of heavy metal pollutants are studied in a device, in which turbulence is generated by a harmonically vibrating set of grids. The results indicate that sediment motion pattern has no effect on the characteristic parameters in the adsorption isotherm, such as the saturated adsorption content by unit weight of seidment and the constant of adsorption-desorption rate in the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, but it has significant effect on the coefficient of adsorption rate (or the coefficient of desorption rate). When the turbulent intensity of flow is low and all sediment exists as bottom mud, the coefficient of adsorption rate of sediment (or the coefficient of desorption rate of sediment) is very small, thus descending rate of concentration of dissolved heavy metal pollutant concentration is small, and when the turbulent intensity of flow is high, sediment supply condition, that is, whether sediment exists on the bed or not, influences greatly the variation of dissolved heavy metal pollutant concentration. When the sediment on the bed could be lifted up, descending rate of dissolved heavy metal pollutant concentration is large. In other wards, the coefficient of adsorption rate (or the coefficient of desorption rate) by unit weight of suspended sediment is much larger than that by unit weight of bottom mud.

关键词： simulation experiment sediment heavy metal pollutants natural rivers water-sediment-pollutant interaction

Small Peptide Interacting with Pollen Calmodulinand their Effects on Cellular Functions

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1999年第11期10卷 929-932页

作者： Jing SU Yan Ling SONG Min HU(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, beijing 100871)(state {2. laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control,Peking University. beijing 100871) Peking Univ Coll Chem & Mol Engn Beijing 100871 Peoples R China Peking Univ State Key Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Control Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

The interaction between dansyl-labeled pollen calmodulin (D-pCaM) and synthesized peptides was studied in the presence of Ca2. by fluorescence spectra. It is Found that Gly/L-Ala --> D-Ala substitution in peptide chains caused great changes in their affinity for pCaM. Besides. our data provided evidence on the dissimilarity of different CaMs although they have highly-conserved structures. A preliminary study was carried out on the effects of CaM-binding peptides on cellular signal transduction, cell proliferation, showing the participation of CaM in cell functions mentioned above.

关键词： pollen calmodulin affinity cellular signal transduction cell proliferation

Heterogeneous reaction of NO_2.with sea salt particles

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第12期53卷 2652-2656页

作者： YE ChunXiang 1,LI HongJun 1,ZHU Tong 1,SHANG Jing 1,ZHANG ZeFeng 1,2.& ZHAO DeFeng 1 1 state key {2. laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control College of environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,beijing 100871,china 2.College of Atmospheric Physics,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 2.0044,china 1. state key {2. laboratory of environmental simulation and pollution control College of environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China2. College of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China

To understand how NO2.reacts with sea salt particles in the atmosphere of Mega-cities in coastal zones,the heterogeneous reaction of NO2.on the surface of wet sea salt was investigated with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion chromatography (IC).Kinetic measurements indicated that nitrate formation on sea salt was second order in NO 2.concentration and reactive uptake coefficients were (5.51 ± 0.19) × 10-7 and 1.2. × 10-6 respectively under 0% and 2.% relative humidity (RH) at NO 2.molecular concentration of 1.96 × 1015 mol/*** results showed that liquid water was formed at the site of MgCl2.6H2.,CaCl2.2.2. on the surface of sea salt and made the reaction more sustainable by releasing hydrated water and absorbing water from air even under a low RH (30%).Therefore,pure NaCl particles should not be used to represent sea salt in studies of the heterogeneous reaction with NO2.

关键词： sea salt particles diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) hydrated water absorbed water reactive uptake coefficient

Identification of secondary organic aerosols based on aerosol mass spectrometry

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中国科学：化学英文版 2010年第12期53卷 2593-2599页

作者： HUANG XiaoFeng 1,ZHAO QianBiao 1,2.HE LingYan 1,HU Min 2.BIAN QiJing 3,XUE Lian 1 & ZHANG YuanHang 2.1 key laboratory for Urban Habitat {2. Science and Technology School of Environment and Energy,Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School,Shenzhen 518055,china 2.state key joint laboratory of {2. simulation and pollution control College of {2. Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,beijing 100871,china 3 Division of Environment,Hong Kong University of Science & Technology,Hong Kong,china 1. key laboratory for Urban Habitat {2. Science and Technology School of Environment and Energy Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China3. Division of Environment Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Hong Kong China

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is one of the major components of aerosols in the atmosphere and has not been well understood so *** to the complex chemical composition of organic aerosols,the identification of SOA has been a hotspot and difficult issue in the field of aerosol *** study attempts to quantitatively identify SOA in winter of Shenzhen based on positive matrix factorization (PMF) *** sources were resolved and SOA was identified subsequently according to the characteristic ion fragments measured by highly time-resolved aerosol mass spectrometer *** showed that in the winter of Shenzhen the average SOA concentration was 9.41±6.33 g/m 3,accounting for 39.9±2..8% of the total organic *** with primary organic aerosol (POA),the SOA concentrations had no large variation,suggestive of characteristics of regional secondary *** ratio of SOA/BC had pronounced diurnal variation,similar to that of O x (O3+NO2.,indicating SOA formation was significantly controlled by activity of photochemistry in the *** most effective period for SOA formation was from 9 am～3 pm since the SOA/BC ratio increased by 12.% during this *** study provides a new technical method and a new idea for SOA investigation.

关键词： secondary organic aerosol aerosol mass spectrometry positive matrix factorization (PMF)

Evaluation　on　the　performance　of　triple　oxidation　ditch　system　treating　municipal　wastewater

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Journal of environmental Sciences 1997年第3期9卷 4-11页

作者： Zhou Lu, Qian Yi National key joint {2. on environmental simulation and Water pollution control, Department of environmental Engineering,Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china

The oxidation ditch system in Handan WWTP is the biggest triple oxidation ditch system (T O.D.) treating municipal wastewater in china with a service population of 350000. The system can perform three functions, aerobic, anoxic and precipitation process in different ditch by alternating the operation mode, and the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and organic substances can be attained. Statistic analysis of data from past five year operation in the WWTP was presented, and investigations on COD, nitrogen, phosphorus removal in system were carried out in the field. The optimum number of aerated brush to meet satisfied nitrification and denitrification was determined on basis of field experiment. The effluent is reused as cooling water for a electricity power plant, and excess sludge is utilized as fertilizer. The concept of an ecological WWTP is put forward by the example of Handan WWTP.

关键词： oxidation ditch nitrification denitrificaiton wastewater ecological WWTP.