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Effects of binders on the performance of electric double-layer capacitors of carbon nanotube electrodes

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2005年第5期15卷 453-457页

作者： LI Chensha1*, WANG Dazhi1, ZHANG Baoyou2. WANG Xiaofeng1, CAO Maosheng3. and LIANG Ji1(1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2. 2. Center for Analysis and Measurement, Harbin Institute of technology, Harbin 150001, {2. 3. school of material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua university, beijing 100084, {2.) Dept. of Mech. Eng. Tsinghua Univ. Beijing 100084 China Ctr. for Analysis and Meas. Harbin Inst. of Technol. Harbin 150001 China Sch. of Mat. Sci. and Eng. Tsinghua Univ. Beijing 100084 China

Polarizable electrodes of electric double layer capacitor (EDLCs) were made from carbon nanotubes. Effects of different binders, which are phenolic resin (PF) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), on the properties of polarizable electrodes are studied. Results indicate that the microstructure, pore size distribution and specific capacitance of the electrodes with PTFE binder are superior to those electrodes with PF binder after carbonization. The suitable binder (PTFE) for carbon nanotubes electrodes is proposed.

关键词： carbon nanotubes electric double-layer capacitors phenolic resin polytetrafluoroethylene.

Carbon Solubility and Mass Action Concentrations of Fe-Cr-C Melts

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2000年第2期14卷 86-91页

作者： Jtan Zhang(Metallurgy school, university of Science and {2. {3., beijing 100083. china) Metallurgy school University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

An empirical equation of carbon solubility in Fe-Cr-C melts is regressed based on the experimental data from references. Acalculating model of mass action concentrations for these melts is formulated on the basis of the coexistence theory of metaIlic melts in-volving compound formation, the phase diagram of Cr-C system as well as thermodynamic data of Fe-Cr-C melts. According to the mod-el, the standard Gibbs free energies of formation of CrC and Cr3.2.are obtained. Satisfactory agreement between the calculated and me-asured values shows that the model can reflect the structural characteristics of Fe-Cr-C melts.

关键词： activity, coexistence theory mass action concentration saturated state

Applicability of mass action law to sulphur distribution between slag melts and liquid iron

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Journal of university of Science and technology {2. 2002年第2期9卷 90-98页

作者： Jian Zhang Metallurgy school, university of Science and {2. {3., beijing 100083. china Metall. Sch. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

According to the mass action law and the coexistence theory of slagstructure, the calculating models of mass action concentration for CaO-MgO-FeO-Fe_2._3.SiO_2.CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe_2._3.P_2._5-SiO_2.and CaO-MgO-MnO-FeO-Fe_2._3.Al_2._3.P_2._5-SiO_2.slag melts areformulated and sulphur distribution between the slag melts and liquid iron is treated. It is foundthat CaO, MnO and FeO promote desulphurization, while MgO is detrimental to desulphurization. Inaddition, the sulphur distribution coefficients between the slag melts and liquid iron andpresented.

关键词： mass action law coexistence theory of slag structure activity massaction concentration

Application of annexation principle to the study of thermodynamic properties of Ag-Bi-In metallic melts

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Journal of university of Science and technology {2. 2003年第1期10卷 18-20页

作者： Jian ZhangMetallurgy school, university of Science and {2. {3., beijing 100083. china Metall. Sch. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Based on the measured activities, the phase diagrams and the annexation principle, the calculating models of mass action concentrations for Ag-Bi and Ag-Bi-In melts have been formulated. The calculated results agree with practice and obey the mass action law, showing that the models formulated can reflect the structural characteristics of both melts. Meanwhile, it confirms that annexation principle is applicable to the Ag-Bi-In metallic melts. The melts involving eulectic which give rise to phase separation, and in which activities exhibit positive deviation from Raoult's law is the basic cause of melts transforming from homogeneous to heterogeneous ones.

关键词： the mass action law annexation principle two phase melts activity, mass action concentration

Application of the annexation principle to the study of thermodynamic properties of ternary metallic melts In-Pb-Ag and In-Bi-Sb

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Rare Metals 2002年第2期21卷 142-151页

作者： ZHANG JianMetallurgical Engineering school.university of Science and {2. {3., beijing 100083. china Metallurgical Engineering school University of Science and Technology Beijing 北京 100083

Based on the phase diagrams, measured activities an the annexationprinciple, the calculating models of mass action concentrations forin-Pb-Ag and In-Bi-Sb ternary metallic melts have been *** results of calculation both agree with practice, and obey the lawof mass action, showing that the models formulated can reflect thestructural reality of the corresponding melts and the annexationprinciple is applicable to the them.

关键词： activity mass action concnetration th annexation principle In-PB-Ag

Solving the input data in error correc-tion of optical fabrication by finite Fourier coefficient algorithm

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第1期49卷 50-60页

作者： CHENG Haobo1,2. SUN Guozheng3.& FENG Zhijing2.1. Department of Optical Engineering, beijing Institute of {3., beijing 100081, china 2. Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology, Tsinghua university, beijing 100084, china 3. china North Industries Group Corporation, beijing 100089, china Department of Optical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology Tsinghua University Beijing China china North Industries Group Corporation Beijing China

A free-form lens (FFL) is a special surface that is difficult to be fabricated. FFL are usually fabricated by computer-controlled optical surfacing (CCOS) technique. During CCOS, the material removal amount is determined by the unit removal function (URF) convoluting with the input data――the dwell time. When the removal amount and the URF are known, how to solve the input data involves the special algorithm――deconvolution. Usually, the input data are solved by virtue of low pass filter or iterative methods. However, an approximation solution would destroy the machining stability nec-essary to perform precisely CCOS. In this paper, to solve the input data, a new method that is based on the finite Fourier coefficient is put forward. It can give a continuous and accurate solution for fabricating choice. Several parameters are simulated, which influ-ence the process of CCOS, and evaluating on the effect of the method is also carried out. Experimental results verify that this method is suitable for guiding the manufacturing of high precision FFL.

关键词： optical fabrication, computer controlled optical surfacing, free-form lens, finite Fourier coefficient, error correction.

Calculating model of mass action concentrations for Ag-Au-Cu melts

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Rare Metals 2002年第1期21卷 43-47页

作者： ZHANG Jian Metallurgy school, university of Science and {2. {3., beijing 100083. china Metallurgy school University of Science and Technology Beijing 北京 100083

Based on phase diagrams and measured activities, the calculatingmodel of mass action concentrations for het- erogeneous meltsAg-Au-Cu was formulated. Calculated results agree with the improvedresults of recent research work, Showing that the model formulatedcan reflect the structural characteristics of these melts. In thismodel, without the help Of any empirical parameters, only threeequilibrium constants are used, hence it is simple, lear, andfavorable to the sim- Plification of calculation.

关键词： activity mass action concentration eutectic Solid solution

Conceptual design,data model and key techniques of“3. Assistant”

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 692-698页

作者： LI Qing-yuan1, ZHANG Xuan2. JIN Yang2. ZHOU Hui3. WANG Qian-jin3.WEI Zhan-yin1 1. Key Laboratory of Geo-Informatics, Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, beijing 10083., {3. 2. {2. of Geo-Science and Surveying Engineering, {3. university of Mining and technology, beijing 100083. china 3. {2. of Geomatics, Liaoning Technical university, Fuxin 12.000, {3. Key Laboratory of Geo-Informatics Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping Beijing 100830 China school of Geo-Science and Surveying Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Beijing 100083 China school of Geomatics Liaoning Technical University Fuxin 123000 China

Conceptual design, data model and key techniques of "Geo-engineer 3. assistant", an underground 3. GIS oriented to geology and mine application, were discussed. In particular, the importance of high-order smoothing triangular pieces to surface's fine expression in geological modeling was emphasized. The contour mode is the most favorite mode of the three modes about surface expression: DEM, TIN and contour. Topology in underground 3. modeling with CAGD was compared. From the view of boundary and coboundary, which is soul of IS 19107 (Geographic information spatial schema), 3. underground topology was re-examined.

关键词： 3. assistant true 3. GIS fine expression of surface contour mode 3. topology

Theoretical analysis of alloy multiplying factor by the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 807-814页

作者： SONG YuePeng1,2. LIU GuoQuan2. LI ZhiLin3. FENG ChengMing1 1 Mechanical and Electronic Engineering College, Shandong Agricultural university, Tai’an 2.1018, china 2.College of {2.s Science and Engineering, university of Science and technology, beijing 100083. china 3.College of {2. Science and Engineering, beijing university of Chemical technology, beijing 10002., china Mechanical and Electronic Engineering College Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an China College of materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing China College of material Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China

By introducing the distribution probability of structural units in austenite contain- ing alloying elements and considering its effects on phase transformation, this paper establishes a calculation model of distribution probability of structural units. A new valence electron structure (VES) parameter-transformation effect coefficient of alloying elements (HL), is defined and then studied both theoretically and ex- perimentally. The relationship between the parameter HL and the multiplying factor (the quenching capability factor) of alloying elements is studied. The results indi- cate that the two parameters (HL and the quenching capability factor) have the same variation characteristic and substance feature. Therefore, the multiplying factor virtually expresses the relative quantity of structural units in the alloying elements-containing austenite.

关键词： multiplying factor (the quenching capability factor), empirical electron theory of solids and molecules, transformation effect coefficient of alloying elements, structural units in austenite containing alloying elements