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Formation mechanism of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 529-540页

作者： YANG Zhi1,2.ZOU CaiNeng1,3.HE Sheng2.LI QiYan1,HE ZhiLiang3.WU HengZhi5,CAO Feng1,MENG XianLong4,WANG FuRong2.& XIAO Qilin2. State Key Laboratory of EOR,research institute of {2. {3. & development,petrochina,beijing 100083,China 2.Key Laboratory of Tectonics and {2. Resources of Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,China 3.State Key Laboratory of EOR,research institute of {2. {3. & development,petrochina,beijing 100083,China 4 research institute of {2. {3. and Production,SINOPEC,beijing 100083,China 5 Southwest Branch Company,SINOPEC,Chengdu 610051,China 1. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China3. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petrochina Beijing 100083 China5. Southwest Branch Company SINOPEC Chengdu 610051 China4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

Carbonate cemented zones are normally adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW *** carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and petrological investigations of carbonate cements in the carbonate cemented zones indicate that:(1) carbonate cements are composed dominantly of ferrocalcite,ferroan dolomite,and ankerite;(2. carbonate cements are formed under a high temperature circumstance in the subsurface,and organic fluid migration has an important effect on the formation of them;and(3. carbon and oxygen ions in the carbonate cements migrate from the underlying overpressured *** suggests that the occurrence of carbonate cemented zones in this region results from multiple phases of organic fluid expulsion out of the overpressure compartment through geological *** study provides a plausible mechanism of the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the clastic sedimentary basins,and has an important implication for understanding the internal correlation between the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to top overpressured surface and geofluids expulsion out of overpressured system.

关键词： carbonate cemented zones formation mechanism stable carbon and oxygen isotopic top overpressured surface central Junggar Basin coal-bearing strata

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An analysis of seismic attenuation in random porous media

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第4期53卷 628-637页

作者： LIU Jiong1, BA Jing2. MA JianWei1 & YANG HuiZhu1 1 institute of Seismic exploration, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, {2. 100084, China 2.3. institute of petroleum exploration & development, petrochina, beijing 100083, China 1. institute of Seismic exploration School of Aerospace Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

The attenuation of seismic wave in rocks has been one of the interesting research topics, but till now no poroelasticity models can thoroughly explain the strong attenuation of wave in rocks. In this paper, a random porous medium model is designed to study the law of wave propagation in complex rocks based on the theory of Biot poroelasticity and the general theory of stochastic process. This model sets the density of grain, porosity, permeability and modulus of frame as random parameters in space, and only one fluid infiltrates in rocks for the sake of better simulation effect in line with real rocks in earth strata. Numerical simulations are implemented. Two different inverse quality factors of fast P-wave are obtained by different methods to assess attenuation through records of virtual detectors in wave field (One is amplitude decay method in time domain and the other is spectral ratio method in frequency domain). Comparing the attenuation results of random porous medium with those of homogeneous porous medium, we conclude that the attenuation of seismic wave of homogeneous porous medium is far weaker than that of random porous medium. In random porous media, the higher heterogeneous level is, the stronger the attenuation becomes, and when heterogeneity σ = 0.15 in simulation, the attenuation result is consistent with that by actual observation. Since the central frequency (50 Hz) of source in numerical simulation is in earthquake band, the numerical results prove that heterogeneous porous structure is one of the important factors causing strong attenuation in real stratum at intermediate and low frequency.

关键词： the theory of stochastic process the theory of Biot poroelasticity the attenuation of seismic wave inverse quality factor

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Contributors and potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks by solid-state ^(13.C NMR spectroscopy

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第6期42卷 478-481页

作者： WANGZhaoyun, ZHAO Changyi, CHENG Keming and LU Qinghua1. research institute of {2.{3. and development, China National {2. Corporation, beijing 100083, China:2. University of {2., beijing, 100083 China research institute of {2.{3. and development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China University of petroleum Beijing China

SOLID-STATE 13. nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） technique is an effective method to study the texture of material. Under the condition of high magnetic field （400 MHz） and by the application of cross polarization... 详细信息

SOLID-STATE 13./sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR） technique is an effective method to study the texture of material. Under the condition of high magnetic field （400 MHz） and by the application of cross polarization, magic angle spinning （CP/MAS）, total sideband suppression （TOSS）, etc., the content of different textural carbons in kerogen has been quantitatively analyzed by the solid-state 13./sup>C NMR spectroscopy of a series of kerogen of thermal simulation samples with Ro value ranging from 0.64% to 1.76%. The results show that

关键词： solid 13. NMR analysis aliphatic carbon potential of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.

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Geochemical characteristics of abiogenic alkane gases

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petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 327-338页

作者： Yunyan Ni Jinxing Dai petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Recently abiogenic alkanes have been found in various locations in the world and other celestial bodies. The chemical composition of abiogenic alkane gases varies widely. The content of methane is low and nearly no C2. is found in the abiogenic alkane gases from fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks or hot springs in China. In the unsedimented submarine hydrothermal vent system C1/C2. ratios are much greater than those for the thermogenic gases, mostly >800 and in some cases up to 8,000. In the Songliao Basin, China, C1/C2. of some abiogenic gases are often less than 150. Abiogenic alkane gases which have been found in nature often have carbon isotopic reversal among C1–C4 alkanes (δ13.1>δ13.2.δ13.3.δ13.4), whereas both regular and reversed hydrogen isotope distribution pattern among C1–C4 alkanes have been reported. The δ13. of abiogenic methane is mainly greater than ?3.‰ though laboratory synthesized methane can have δ13. as low as ?57‰, and its δD1 values vary widely and overlap with biogenic gases. High 3.e/4He ratios often indicate the addition of mantle-derived helium and are related to abiogenic gases. However, some biogenic gases can also have high 3.e/4He ratios up to 8. The CH4/3.e end-member is often lower than 106 for abiogenic alkane gases while greater than 1013.for biogenic gases, and the values between these two end-members often reflect the mixing of biogenic and abiogenic gases.

关键词： Abiogenic origin alkane gas carbon isotopic reversal trend geochemical characteristics

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Identification of marine natural gases with different origin sources

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 148-164页

作者： WANG YunPeng 1 ,ZHAO ChangYi 2.,WANG ZhaoYun 2.,WANG HongJun 2.,TIAN Jin 1 ,ZOU YanRong 1 &LIU JinZhong1 1State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou {3. of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China 2.0} of Geology,{2. {3. of petroleum exploration and development,petrochina,beijing 100083,China State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China institute of Geology Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083

Kinetic experiments of gas generation for typical samples of marine gas precursors including low-maturity kerogen,residual kerogen and oil as well as dispersed liquid hydrocarbon(DLH)in source rocks were performed by closed system,and the evolution trends of molecular and isotopic compositions of natural gases from different precursors against the maturity(R0%)at laboratory conditions were *** diagrams of gas origin were calibrated by using the experimental data.A diagram based on the ratio of normal and isomerous butane and pentane(i/nC4-i/nC5)was proposed and used to identify the origins of the typical marine natural gases in the Sichuan Basin and the Tarim Basin, *** the maturities of natural gases were estimated by using the statistical relationships between the gaseous molecular carbon isotopic data and maturities(δ13.-R 0 %)with different *** results indicate that the molecular and isotopic compositions of simulated gases from different precursors are different from each *** example,the dryness index of the oil-cracking gas is the lowest;the dryness indices of gases from DLH and kerogen in closed system are almost the same;and the dryness index of gases from residual kerogen is extremely high,indicating that the kerogen gases are very dry;the contents of non-hydrocarbon gases in kerogen-cracking gases are far higher than those in oil-cracking and DLH-cracking *** molecular carbon isotopes of oil-cracking gases are the lightest,those of kerogen in closed system and GLH-cracking gases are the second lightest,and those of cracking gases from residual kerogen are the *** calibration results indicate that the diagrams of ln(C1/C2.-ln(C2.C3.andδ13.2.δ13.3.ln(C2.C3.can discriminate primary and secondary cracking gases,but cannot be used to identify gas origin sources,while the diagram of i/nC4-i/nC5 can differentiate the gases from different *** application results of these diagrams show that gas mixtures ext

关键词： marine organic matter gas origin sources kerogen oil-cracking gas origin identification carbon isotope

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High-Resolution Transgressive-Regressive Sequence Stratigraphy of Chang 8 Member of Yanchang Formation in Southwestern Ordos Basin,Northern China

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第4期21卷 423-438页

作者：吕明胜陈开远薛良清衣丽萍朱红涛 research institute of {2.{3. & development PetroChina School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences China National Oil and Gas exploration and development Corporation Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences

The reservoirs within the Chang 8 Member of Yanchang(延长) Formation in the southwestern Ordos basin are characterized by low *** is significant to build a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic framework for the exploration and development of these *** on an integrated investigation of well logs,seismic data,cores and outcrops,the Chang 8 Member is interpreted as a 3.d-order transgressive-regressive(T-R) sequence,which consists of six 4th-order T-R sequences,namely,K1,K2.K3.K4,K5 and K6,respectively,from base to *** 4th-order sequence comprises a transgressive systems tract overlain by a regressive systems *** K1 to transgressive systems tract of K4,it is characterized by the landward shifts of facies and overall retrogradational sequence stacking pattern due to accommodation increase more than sediment supply during the 3.d-order base-level *** distributary channels are mainly deposited in the transgressive systems tracts,and the interdistributary bays,sheet sands,and small-scale mouth bars are primarily developed in the regressive systems tracts in response to the 4th-order base-level *** the regressive systems tracts of K4 to K6,it is characterized by the basinward shifts of facies and overall progradational sequence stacking pattern because of accommodation increase less than sediment supply during a fall in 3.d-order base *** distributary channels are mainly accumulated in the transgressive systems tracts,and distributary channels and mouth bars are deposited in the regressive systems tracts as a result of the 4th-order base-level *** stratigraphic and sedimentological analyses indicate that sequences K1,K2.K5 and K6,as well as the basin edge of K3.and K4,remain potential for exploration and development due to their high reservoir quality in response to the low accommodation and more sediment supply.

关键词： transgressive-regressive sequence base level sediment supply sequence stratigraphic framework Ordos basin.

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Discovery of a Late Permian Angara-Cathaysia mixed flora from Acheng of Heilongjiang,China,with discussions on the closure of the Paleoasian Ocean

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第12期52卷 1746-1755页

作者： DENG ShengHui1,2. WAN ChuanBiao3.& YANG JianGuo3.1 research institute of {2. {3. and development, petrochina, beijing 100083, China 2.State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, beijing 100083 China 3.Daqing institute of {2. {3. and development, petrochina, Daqing 164712. China research institute of {2.{3. and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery Beijing 100083 China Daqing institute of petroleum {2. and{3. PetroChina Daqing 164712 China

This work documents a new flora from the Upper Permian Hongshan Formation of Acheng County, Heilongjiang Province, Northwest China. The flora consists of 2. species: Paracalamites sp., Pecopteris tangwangheensis Huang, Callipteris obese Huang, Callipteris shenshuensis Huang, C. tangwangheensis Huang, C. heilongjiangensis Huang, C. zeilleri Zalessky, C. sp., Comia yichunensis Huang, C. tenueaxis Huang, Iniopteris sibirica Zalessky, Supaia teiliensis Huang, Compsopteris tchirkovae Zalessky, C. cf. adzvensis Zalessky, Nilssonia sp. 1, Nil. sp. 2. Taeniopteris cf. densissima Halle, T. cf. nystraemii Halle, T. sp. and Noeggerathiopsis derzavinii Neub. It is dominated by Angara species but mixed with some typical Cathaysian elements. The age of the flora is assigned to late of the Late Permian according to the stratigraphic ranges of the known species and the comparisons of it with the similar floras. The new discovery indicates that the final collision between the North China Plate and Siberian Plate occurred in Late Permian along the Xar Moron River-Changchun-Yanji sutured zone, and the Paleoasian Ocean was finally closed at the end of the Permian.

关键词： Late Permian mixed Angara-Cathaysia flora Paleoasian Ocean plate collision Heilongjiang Province of China

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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic characteristics of natural gases from the Luliang and Baoshan basins in Yunnan Province, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第9期49卷 938-946页

作者： XU Yongchang1, LIU Wenhui2. SHEN Ping1, WANG Wanchun1, WANG Xiaofeng1, Tenger1, YAN Yaomin3.& LIU Ruobin3.1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas Resources, institute of Geology and Geophsics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, China 2. {3. institute of {3. exploration and Production, SINOPEC, beijing 100083, China 3. South Branch of {3. exploration and Production Company, SINOPEC, Kuming 650000, China 1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas Resources Institute of Geology and Geophsics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. research institute of {2. {3. and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China 3. South Branch of petroleum exploration and Production Company SINOPEC Kuming 650000 China

The Luliang and Baoshan basins of Yunnan Province are two small-sizedcontinental oil/gas-bearing sedimentary basins, which were developed at the bases of theCarboniferous and Devonian systems during the Late Tertiary, covering an area of 3.0} km^2.and 2.4km^2. respectively. Since the 1990s, there have been discovered small-sized natural gas pools inthese two basins. The natural gases are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gases, with nonhydrocarbonsaccounting for less than 2.. Of the hydrocarbon gases, methane accounts for more than 99%, and thecomponents above C_2.account for less than 0.2.. On the basis of previous studies of geologicalbackground, the composition of natural gases and their carbon isotopic composition, it has beendefined that these two gas pools are of bacterial origin. In this work we have comprehensivelymeasured the carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gases from these two basins andhave gone into the details of the mechanism of gas generation. The δ^(13.C_1 values of naturalgases from the Luliang Basin are within the range of -72.1 per thousand - -73.3.per thousand, andthe δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand - -2.4 per thousand, indicating that the bacterial gasgeneration is dominated by the way of CO_2.reduction. It has been evidenced that undercontinental-facies fresh water conditions there did occur the CO_2.reduction as a process ofbacterial gas generation. The δ^(13.C_1 values of natural gases from the Baoshan Basin are withinthe range of - 62.5 per thousand - -63.5 per thousand, and the δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand- -2.0 per thousand. These isotopic characteristics are fallen into transitional phase of acetatefermentation and CO_2.reduction as defined by Whiticar et al. (1986). An important discovery in theLuliang Basin is the carbon isotopic composition of ethane of purely biogenetic origin, i.e., itsδ^(13.C_2.values are within the range of - 61.2.per thousand - - 66.0 per thousand. These carbonisotopic values have been r

关键词： bacterial gas, carbon and hydrogen isotope, CO2 reduction, acetate fermentation.

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Geological analysis and physical modeling of structural pumping in high effective formation of Kela 2.gas field

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1070-1078页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi1, WANG Hongjun1, SHAN Jiazeng2. WANG Zecheng1 & XU Dafeng1 1. research institute of {2. {3. and development, petrochina, beijing 100083, China 2. institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., China 1. research institute of {2.{3. and development Petrochina Beijing 100083 China 2. institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

In a 3.D closed geological body, in case “structural expanding” inside is induced by stress, it can produce the pressure difference between the expanding cell and surrounding rock, then generate a pumping force directed toward the cell and accelerate the directional flow of fluid in the strata. The structural style and conditions of gas reservoir-formation in the Kuqa depression are favorable to the structural pumping. According to similarity principle, a physical modeling of structure formation and gas filling process of the Kela 2.gas field has justified the occurrence of structural pumping and its important role in gas-reservoir formation with high efficiency under the compressive and well-sealed circumstance. Therefore, authors propose that structural pumping is an important mechanism of gas reservoir-formation with high efficiency in the Kuqa depression.

关键词： Kela 2 gas field, structural pumping, gas-reservoir formation mechanism, high efficiency,physical modeling.

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Seismic wave propagating in Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic media

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第2期49卷 147-153页

作者： YUAN Chunfang1, PENG Suping1, ZHANG Zhongjie2.& LIU Zhenkuan3.1. China University of Mining & Technology, beijing 100083, China 2. {3. of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100101, China 3. {3. and development research {3. of Daqing Oilfield, Daqing 163.12. China 1. China University of Mining & Technology Beijing 100083 China 2. institute of Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 3. exploration and development {2.{3. of Daqing Oilfield Daqing 163712 China

This paper studies, under a small disturbance, the responses of seismic transient wave in the visco-elastic media and the analytic solution of the corresponding third-order partial differential equation. A plane wave solution of Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic third-order partial differ-ential equation with a pulse source is obtained. By the principle of pulse stacking of particle vibration, the result is extended to the solution of Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic third-order partial differential equation with any source. The velocities of seismic wave propagating and the attenuation of seismic wave in Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic media are discussed. The velocities of seismic wave propagating and the coefficient of attenuation of seismic wave in Kelvin-Voigt homogeneous visco-elastic media are derived, expressed as functions of density of the media, elastic modulus and visco-elastic coefficient. These results can be applied in inversing lithology parameters in geophysical prospecting.

关键词： Kelvin-Voigt visco-elastic velocity attenuation seismic wave.

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