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Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation and its association with the Asian summer monsoon

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1001-1012页

作者： SUN JianQi1, YUAN Wei2.& GAO YuZhong3 1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002.,{2. 2.2. Meteorological Administration Training Centre, beijing 100081,{2. 3 Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory, Harbin 150030,{2. 1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. china Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081 China 3. Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory Harbin 150030 China

Using correlation and EOF analyses on sea level pressure from 57-year NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, the Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation (APNPO) is identified. The APNPO reflects the co-variability between the North Pacific high and South Asian summer monsoon low. This teleconnec- tion pattern is closely related to the Asian summer monsoon. On interannual timescale, it co-varies with both the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and South Asian summer monsoon (SASM); on decadal timescale, it co-varies with the EASM: both exhibit two abrupt climate changes in the middle 1960s and the late 1970s respectively. The possible physical process for the connections between the APNPO and Asian summer monsoon is then explored by analyzing the APNPO-related atmospheric circulations. The results show that with a strong APNPO, the Somali Jet, SASM flow, EASM flow, and South Asian high are all enhanced, and an anomalous anticyclone is produced at the upper level over northeast china via a zonal wave train. Meanwhile, the moisture transportation to the Asian monsoon regions is also strengthened in a strong APNPO year, leading to a strong moisture convergence over India and northern china. All these changes of circulations and moisture conditions finally result in an anoma- lous Asian summer monsoon and monsoon rainfall over India and northern china. In addition, the APNPO has a good persistence from spring to summer. The spring APNPO is also significantly corre- lated with Asian summer monsoon variability. The spring APNPO might therefore provide valuable in- formation for the prediction of Asian summer monsoon.

关键词： Arabian Peninsula-North Pacific Oscillation East Asian summer monsoon South Asian summer monsoon wave train abrupt climate change

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Photosynthetically active radiation retrieval based on HJ-1A/B satellite data

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第S1期53卷 81-91页

作者： LI Li1,XIN XiaoZhou1,SU GaoLi1,2.& LIU QinHuo1 1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Institute of Remote Sensing Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100101,china 2.Zhejiang {2. center,Hangzhou 310017,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China2. Zhejiang Climate Center Hangzhou 310017 China

Photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) is essential for plant photosynthesis and carbon cycle,and is also important for meteorological and environmental *** advance china's disaster and environmental monitoring capabilities,the HJ-1A/B satellites have been placed in Earth *** of their environmental monitoring objectives is the study of *** simulated direct solar,scattered and environment radiation between 400 and 700 nm under different atmospheric parameters(solar zenith angle,atmospheric water vapor,atmospheric ozone,aerosol optical thickness,surface elevation and surface albedo),and then established a look-up table between these input parameters and *** on the look-up table,we used HJ-1A/B aerosol and surface albedo outputs to derive the corresponding *** of inversed instantaneous and observed PAR values using HJ-1 Heihe experimental data had a root mean square error of 2..2.W m-2.with a relative error of 5.9%.The root mean square error for accumulated daily PAR and observed values was 0.49 MJ m-2.with a relative error of 3.5%.Our approach improved significantly the computational efficiency,compared with using directly radiation transfer *** also studied the sensitivity of various input parameters to photosynthetically active radiation,and found that solar zenith angle and atmospheric aerosols were sensitive PAR *** albedo had some effect on PAR,but water vapor and ozone had minimal impact on PAR.

关键词： Photosynthetically active radiation 6S HJ-1A/B satellites

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Subseasonal features of the Asian summer monsoon in the NCEP climate forecast system

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2008年第3期27卷 88-103页

作者： Song YANG WEN Min R Wayne HIGGINS NOAA＇s climate Prediction center Camp Springs Maryland 20746 USA Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

The operational climate forecast system （CFS） of the US national {2.s for Environmental Prediction provides climate predictions over the world, and CFS products are becoming an important source of information for regional climate predictions in many Asian countries where monsoon climate dominates. Recent studies have shown that, on monthly-to-seasonal time-scales, the CFS is highly skillful in simulating and predicting the variability of the Asian monsoon. The higher-frequency variability of the Asian summer monsoon in the CFS is analyzed, using output from a version with a spectral triangular truncation of 12. waves in horizontal and 64 sigma layers in vertical, focusing on synoptic, quasi-biweekly, and intraseasonal time-scales. The onset processes of different regional monsoon components were investigated within Asia. Although the CFS generally overestimates variability of monsoon on these time-scales, it successfully captures many major features of the variance patterns, especially for the synoptic timescale. The CFS also captures the timing of summer monsoon onsets over India and the Indo-china Peninsula. However, it encounters difficulties in simulating the onset of the South china Sea monsoon. The success and failure of the CFS in simulating the onset of monsoon precipitation can also be seen from the associated features of simulated atmospheric circulation processes. Overall, the CFS is capable of simulating the synoptic-to-intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon with skills. As for seasonal-tointerannual time-scales shown previously, the model is expected to possess a potential for skillful predictions of the high-frequency variability of the Asian monsoon.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon onset evolution synoptic-to-intraseasonal variability NCEP climate prediction system

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A MACRO-SCALE SEMI-DISTRIBUTED HYDROLOGICAL MODEL AND APPLICATION TO THE DATONG RIVER VALLEY

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第6期17卷 667-676页

作者： YANG Zhi-feng LIU Lu-liu SHEN Zhen-yao GORDON G. Huang State Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal Uni- versity Beijing 100875 China national climate {2. Beijing 100081 China Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Canada

A daily distributed hydrological model was developed using routine hydro meteorological data on the basis of the raster DEM and land cover data. Then the model was used to model daily runoff of the Datong River Valley located in the upper catchment of the Yellow River Basin. The runoff comprises surface flow, subsurface flow and ground water flow. Evapotranspiration comprises canopy evaporation, snow sublimation and soil evapotranspiration. The infiltration to the soil was estimated with improved Green-Ampt model, and the potential evapotranspiration is estimated with Morton CRAE method, which only needs the routine meteorological data. Simulation results and the comparison with semi distributed SLURP hydrological model show that the structure of the model presented herein is reasonable.

关键词： hydrological model Yellow River GIS runoff

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Interannual variation of annual precipitation and urban effect on precipitation in the beijing region

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1042-1050页

作者： Yu Shuqiu(State Key Laboratory on Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,beijing 100081,{2.) State Key Laboratory on Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081， China

The large scale character of the interannual variation of precipitation and the urban effect on local annual precipitation anomaly are investigated in this paper based on the 1960-2.00 annual precipitation observations at 2. stations in the beijing *** results show that:the annual precipitation in the beijing region possesses the large scale variation character with the linear trend of-1.197/10 yr,which corresponds to a total reduction of 2..82.mm in annual precipitation in the 41 years;the local annual precipitation anomalies(percent of the normal 1960-2.00)show a positive {2. near the urban area,*** precipitation island(UPI),whose intensity increases with the linear trend of 0.662.%/10 yr,opposite to the interannual trend of large scale precipitation over the beijing region;changes in the UPI are also associated with the intensity of synoptic processes of precipitation,and when the synoptic processes are strong(wet years),the intensity of UPI strengthens,while the synoptic processes are weak(dry years),and the UPI disappears in the beijing region.

关键词： urban precipitation island effect interannual climate variation precipitation beijing atmospheric science

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Possible effect of solar activity on variation of the tree-rings of a 500 a platycladus orientalis at the Mausoleum of Emperor Huang

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第4期52卷 631-639页

作者： FENG Bo1,2.& HAN YanBen1 1 Xi’an Institute of Posts & Telecommunications,Xi’an 710061,china 2.national Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,{2. 100012.china Xi’an Institute of Posts & Telecommunications Xi’an 710061 China national Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China

The variation of the tree-ring's index of a platycladus orientalis at the Mausoleum of Emperor Huang and of a long series of sunspots relative number during AD1470-1974 are analyzed by using the wavelet power spectrum method,and their variation characters are also discussed. It is determined that the tree-ring's variation has cycles of approximate 2.7,11,93 and 150 a. Two data series are used for analyzing sunspot relative number(SSN) variation. First,the analysis of the annual average SSN during AD1700-1974 proved that variation cycles are about 11,50,and 93 a; then,the data during AD1465-1975 obtained from the decadal average SSN train over 7000 a reconstructed on the geomagnetic data is analyzed and its variation cycles are about 50,90,and 160 a. Besides the tree-rings cycle of 2.7 a is commonly considered to be related to ENSO,while 11 a cycle is related to solar Schwabe cycle; in addition,it is possible that the cycles of 90 and150 a are likely to be related to solar Gleissberg cycle and Suess cycle. The correlations between them are possibly due to the effect of solar activity on the climate and additionally on the tree's growth.

关键词： tree-ring solar activity climate change wavelet spectrum

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Rainfall spectrum change in North china and its possible mechanism

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第7期 46-52页

作者： DAI Xingang 1,2.*, WANG Ping 3, ZHANG Peiqun 4 and CHOU Jifan 1(1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 2. State Key Laboratory LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 3. College of Physics, Peking University, beijing 100871, china 4. national climate center, beijing 100081, china) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，china State Key Laboratory LASG，Institute of Atmospheric Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，beijing 10002.，china College of Physics，Peking University，beijing 100871，china national climate {2.，beijing 100081，china College of Resources and Environmental Sciences，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou 730000，china

The seasonal distribution of the rainfall in North china has changed greatly since 1977, with more rainfall in spring and less in July, August, and September (JAS). Wavelet analysis showed that the JAS rainfall underwent an abrupt spectrum change in the mid-1960s. Its interannual variability has declined while the interdecadal component has become the dominant mode, associated with the dry climate. Correlation analysis found that the JAS rainfall is negatively correlated with the departures of the 500 hPa geopotential height significantly over the northwest and southwest of china, and positively correlated with the summer monsoon over eastern china. Therefore, the interdecadal ascending of the air pressure in northwestern china and the monsoon decaying over East Asia in the past 2. years may be the two major causes of North china drought.

关键词： North china drought wavelet spectrum abruption monsoon geopotential height interdecadal change.

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中国北方冬季气温的年际变化对北太平洋东部海温异常的响应

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气候与环境研究 2018年第3期23卷 275-286页

作者：刘炜宋文玲内蒙古自治区气候中心呼和浩特010051 中国气象局国家气候中心北京100081

利用地面气温观测资料及NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料,分析了中纬度北太平洋东部海温异常变化对中国北方地区冬季气温的可能影响。结果表明,前期夏、秋季中纬度北太平洋东部海温与北方地区冬季气温存在持续稳定的正相关关系,并且这种相关性... 详细信息

利用地面气温观测资料及NCEP/NCAR逐月再分析资料,分析了中纬度北太平洋东部海温异常变化对中国北方地区冬季气温的可能影响。结果表明,前期夏、秋季中纬度北太平洋东部海温与北方地区冬季气温存在持续稳定的正相关关系,并且这种相关性在年代际尺度上较年际尺度更为显著。这种联系与中纬度北太平洋东部关键区海温在对流层中低层激发出的一种类似北美—大西洋—欧亚遥相关型波列有关。当前期关键区海温偏高(低)时,其激发的波列使得乌拉尔山阻塞高压偏弱(强),西伯利亚高压偏弱(强),导致贝加尔湖以南大部地区受正(负)高度距平控制,亚洲地区中高纬以纬(经)向环流为主,有利于北方大部地区气温偏高(低)。研究表明,中纬度北太平洋东部海温异常通过激发出一个从关键海区到我国北方地区的跨越东西半球的遥相关型波列,引发北半球中高纬度大气环流异常,进而影响北方冬季气温。

关键词：北太平洋东部遥相关波列乌拉尔山阻塞高压西伯利亚高压冬季气温

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A subsurface runoff parameterization with water storage and recharge based on the Boussinesq-Storage Equation for a Land Surface Model

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第6期49卷 622-631页

作者： TIAN Xiangjun1,2. XIE Zhenghui1, ZHANG Shenglei1 & LIANG Miaoling1 1. LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china 1. LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Subsurface runoff in a land surface model is usually parameterized as a single-valued function of total storage in a basin aquifer reservoir. This kind of parameterization is often sin-gle-valued function of storage-discharge under a steady or “quasi-steady” state, which cannot rep-resent the influence of aquifer recharge on subsurface runoff generation. In this paper, a new sub-surface runoff parameterization with water storage and recharge based on the Boussinesq-storage equation is developed. This model is validated by a subsurface flow separation algorithm for an ex-ample river basin, which shows that the new model can simulate the subsurface flow reasonably.

关键词： Zsubsurface runoff parameterization Boussinesq-storage equation waterstorage and recharge

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Control of atmospheric CO_2.concentrations by 2.50: A calculation on the emission rights of different countries

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1447-1469页

作者： DING ZhongLi1, DUAN XiaoNan2. GE QuanSheng3 & ZHANG ZhiQiang4 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2.The General Office of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100864, china 3 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 4 The Lanzhou Branch of the national Science Library, the Scientific Information center for Resources and Environment, Lanzhou 730000, china Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China The General Office of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100864 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy

This paper is to provide quantitative data on some critical issues in anticipation of the forthcoming international negotiations in Denmark on the control of atmospheric CO2.concentrations. Instead of letting only a small number of countries dominate a few controversial dialogues about emissions reductions, a comprehensive global system must be established based on emissions allowances for different countries, to realize the long-term goal of controlling global atmospheric CO2.concentrations. That a system rooted in "cumulative emissions per capita," the best conception of the "common but differentiated responsibilities" principle affirmed by the Kyoto Protocol according to fundamental standards of fairness and justice, was demonstrated. Based on calculations of various countries' cumulative emissions per capita, estimates of their cumulative emissions from 1900 to 2.05, and their annual emissions allowances into the future (2.06―2.50), a 470 ppmv atmospheric CO2.concentration target was set. According to the following four objective indicators―total emissions allowance from 1900 to 2.50, actual emissions from 1900 to 2.05, emissions levels in 2.05, and the average growth rate of emissions from 1996 to 2.05―all countries and regions whose population was more than 300000 in 2.05 were divided into four main groups: countries with emissions deficits, countries and regions needing to reduce their gross emissions, countries and regions needing to reduce their emissions growth rates, and countries that can maintain the current emissions growth rates. Based on this proposal, most G8 countries by 2.05 had already expended their 2.50 emissions allowances. The accu-mulated financial value based on emissions has reached more than 5.5 trillion US dollars (2. dollars per ton of CO2.. Even if these countries could achieve their ambitious emissions reduction targets in the future, their per capita emissions from 2.06 to 2.50 would still be much higher than those of developing coun

关键词： international negotiations on climate change cumulative emissions per capita emission allowance

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