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Ecological rebuilding and land reclamation in surface mines in Shanxi Province, china

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 486-497页

作者： MIAO Ze wei 1, BAI Zhong ke 2. GAO Lin 1 (1. Research Center for Eco environmental Sciences, chinese {2. of Sciences, Beijing 100085, china E\|mail: miaozewei@*** 2. Department of Soil Science, Shanxi agricultural University Taigu, 03 中科院生态环境研究中心北京 1 0 0 0 85 山西师范大学山西临汾 0 3 0 80 1

It is well known that the mining industry produces a large amount of derelict land, and causes pollution of water loss and soil erosion as well as other environmental damage in china. As land is under pressure in china, it is now policy to restore or reclaim land despoiled by mining, the aim being to develop sustainable and healthy arable land ecosystems. This paper outlines the principles and approaches of ecological restoration, which have been adopted in Shanxi Province with reference to three typical surface mines. In the research, the principles of ecological engineering and ecological succession are considered as the critical theories of ecological restoration in mine degraded land. Meanwhile, the paper made a comparative research on main links of ecological rebuilding in three surface mines in Shanxi Province, which include new land construction, treatment of toxic substances, control of soil erosion, fertility management, irrigation, ecological planning and the establishment of legislation systems. As the research demonstrated, for successful restoration, new land construction is the fundamental framework, but it must be integrated with ecological engineering including ecological planning, the control of soil erosion and vegetation establishment and ecosystem creation in order to optimise land productivity and soil fertility. In addition, the establishment of the legislation systems and organization of administration are also indispensable aspects of ecological rebuilding in mined land.

关键词： ecological restoration land reclamation open-pit mine

Low genetic diversity of symbiotic dinoflagellates(Symbiodinium) in scleractinian corals from tropical reefs in southern Hainan Island,china

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第6期49卷 598-605页

作者： 1,2.Guo-Wei ZHOU 1,2.ui HUANG 1(Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources sustainable Utilization,South china Sea {2. of Oceanology,chinese academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,china) 2.Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan,chinese academy of Sciences,Sanya 572.00,china) (Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources sustainable Utilization South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China) (Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan Chinese Academy of Sciences Sanya 572000 China) *Correspondence: Hui HUANG *Correspondence: E-mail: huanghui@*** Tel./Fax: 86-2.-844602.4.

Endosymbiotic dinoflagellates in the genus Symbiodinium are among the most abundant and important group of photosynthetic protists found in coral reef *** order to further characterize this diversity and compare with other regions of the Pacific,samples from 44 species of scleractinian corals representing 2. genera and 9 families,were collected from tropical reefs in southern Hainan Island,*** gradient gel electrophoresis fingerprinting of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2.identified 11 genetically distinct Symbiodinium types that have been reported *** majority of reef-building coral species(88.6%)harbored only one subcladal type of symbiont,dominated by host-generalist C1 and C3,and was influenced little by the host’s apparent mode of symbiont *** species harbored more than one clade of Symbiodinium(clades C,D)*** geographically isolated from the rest of the Pacific,the symbiont diversity in southern Hainan Island was relatively low and similar to both the Great Barrier Reef and Hawaii symbiont assemblages(dominated by clade C Symbiodinium).These results indicate that a specialist symbiont is not a prerequisite for existence in remote and isolated areas,but additional work in other geographic regions is necessary to test this idea.

关键词： coral dinoflagellate diversity South china Sea Symbiodinium.

Report on the compilation of the Population,environment and sustainable {2. Atlas of china (PESDAC)

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1999年第2期9卷 199-201,203-204页

作者： LIAO Zhi-jte LIU Yue (institute of Geography, the chinese {2. of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china)

agro-ecological engineering in china: a way towards {2. agriculture

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 422-429页

作者： LIU Guo\|hua, FU Bo\|jie (Research Center for Eco environmental Sciences, chinese {2. of Sciences, Beijing 100085, china) Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

sustainable development, as a “hot topic”, concerns not only economic development but also environmental protection. Agriculture, the base of other economic activities, has faced many difficulties that include over growth population, land decrease, and land degradation and so on. Therefore, how to increase the food supply, to meet the over\|growth population demands, is the main task all over the world at present, especially in the developing countries, such as china, but we also must protect agricultural environment for medium\| and long\|term development simultaneously. Hence, sustainable development in agriculture is the most important estate that we must concern. Its sustainable development determines the sustainability of other economic development to a great extent. Despite {13. government has paid much attention to develop agricultural production and obtained great successions, there are also many shortcomings in {13. agriculture. Therefore, china must seek new approaches for its development and environmental protection that suit local conditions and are based on local resources. agro ecological engineering, the application of ecological engineering in agriculture, is very thriving in china in recent decades. In this paper, the ecological, economic and social benefits of agro\|ecological engineering are analyzed. The principles are discussed. The results indicated that agro\|ecological engineering can meet the farmer′s short\|, medium\| and long\|term benefits. In the meanwhile, it also concerns not only economic benefits but ecological and social benefits. Therefore, agro\|ecological engineering is a way that leads to sustainable agriculture in the future in china.

关键词： agro-ecological engineering sustainable agriculture sustainable development china

Natural resources deterioration,environmental degradation and sustainable resetlement in Southwest{2.

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1998年第2期8卷 39-48页

作者： WANG KelinNatural resources deterioration, environmentaldegradation and sustainable resettlement inSouthwest{2.WANG KelinChangsha institute of agricultural Modernization, CAS, Hunan 41012.{2.

As a consequence of increased population growth and environmental degradation, a particular type of population mobility-environmental migration-has emerged in the Third World. In this paper environmental migration is defined and previous practices in some developing countries are reviewed. A case study of the Karst Region of Southwest china is used to illustrate the phenomenon, including root causes, restrictive factors, nature of the migration, desires of migrants, strategies of response and optional policies. It is argued that a comprehensive approach to the prevention of environmentally caused displacement should be developed.

关键词： environmental degradation migration sustainable development policies karst topography Southwest china

The comprehensive evaluation of sustainabledevelopment in karst regions-Taking Shishanareas in Guangxi of{2. as an example

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1999年第3期9卷 301-306页

作者： REN Dong-ming1, HU Bao-qing2.1. institute of Geography chinese {2. of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china, 2. institute ofGeotectonics, chinese {2. of Sciences, Changsha 410013. china)

This paper works out a practical evaluation method of sustainable development for theundeveloped the regions and take Shishan areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of{2.as an example. First of all, according to the actual conditions of the karst regions in Guangxi and thetheory of regional sustainable development this paper estabishes an index system of comprehensiveevaluation, then takes twenty-eight representative cities and counties within the karst regions ofGuangxi as research objects to evaluate the level of sustainable development. It basically illustratesthe state of regional sustainable development of the karst regions in Guangxi.

关键词： Karst regions Shishan areas, Guangxi, sustainable development index system

Three industries and wastewater and COD discharge of Beijing

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 474-477页

作者： WANG Yan 1, WANG Hong rui 2. NING Da tong 2.(1. Beijing Municipal Research institute of environmental Protection, Beijing 100037,{2. 2. institute of environmental Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,{2.) 北京市环境保护所北京 1 0 0 0 3 北京师范大学北京 1 0 0 875

With the swift development of economy, the water quality of Beijing is becoming worse day by day and hampers the sustainable development obviously. In this paper, the current conditions of the municipal wastewater structure in the industrial sectors are analysed and discussed in terms of the indicators, such as direct wastewater\|discharge coefficient, complete wastewater\|discharge coefficient, direct discharge coefficient of COD and complete discharge coefficient of COD, by taking a year of 1990s as the base year. Some countermeasures are studied and the corresponding recommendations are put forward in order to improve the water environment in Beijing. This provides a scientific ground for coordinating the relationship between the aquatic environment and economic growth in this city.

关键词： direct wastewater discharge coefficient (DWDC) complete wastewater discharge coefficient (CWDC) direct discharge coefficient of COD(DDC of COD) complete discharge coefficient of COD (CDC of COD)

The Theory and Evaluation Method of the sustainable development System About the Harmonious Growth of Population, Resource, {2. and Economy in the County District of china

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2001年第3期13卷 265-280页

作者： JI Guo-li 1,\ MI Hong 2.1.Automation Department, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, china 2.Population Studies institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, china Automation Department Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Population Studies institute Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

The linchpin of strategy about the sustainable development (SD) in {2. county enforcement area is to accomplish the basic transformation about the mode of economic development from extensive mode to intensive mode. For most counties of china, the overmany population is an element which influences the sustainable development. But to achieve the sustainable development based on the harmonious development of population, resource, economy and environment, the most important thing is how to carry on its management and evaluation method under the guide of the Tenth Five Year Plan of national economy and the Perspective Target of ***,this paper aims at reforming the traditional judging method focusing on output value Income and establishing a systematic management method and evaluation index system about the sustainable development based on the harmonious growth of population, resource, economy and environment.

关键词： sustainable development management and evaluation method harmonious growth

DYNAMIC CHANGES OF THE WETLAND AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN FUJIN REGION IN SANJIANG PLAIN,china

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湿地科学 2005年第3期3卷 176-182页

作者： WANG Zhi-Qiang~1,2. CHEN Ming~1,2.WANG Dan-Dan~1,2., ZHANG Bai~1,ZHANG Shu-Qing~1(1. Northeast institute of Geography and agricultural Ecology, the {2. academy of Sciences,Changchun Jilin 13.012. china 2. Graduate School of {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, china ) Northeast institute of Geography and agricultural Ecology the Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun Jilin 130012China Graduate School of chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100039China Northeast institute of Geography and agricultural Ecology the Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun Jilin 130012China

Wetland is a kind of key natural resources. However, the wetlands have been shrinking rapidly in Sangjiang Plain and its functions have been degrading. These all hold back the sustainable development of human communities, and lead to great change in the land use /cover (LUCC), consequently caused global changes in climate, water cycling, etc.. Taken Fujin region as a case study, spatial and temporal dynamic processes of wetland and its driving forces were analyzed from 1954 to 2.00 in this paper. It showed that the wetlands had been reduced from 52.104 ha to 11×104 ha in areas during the nearly 50 years . The percentage of wetland areas reduced from 61.2.% to 12.39%. On the other hand, cultivated land increased from 2.×104 ha to 60×104 ha in areas. The percentage of the areas increased from 2..31% to 70.45%. Further quantitative analysis of the wetland landscape conversion characteristics and the correlation analysis between the change of wetland areas and population increase were made. The results showed that 40×104 ha wetlands had been converted to cultivated land within half of a century; the correlation between the rate of wetland loss and that of population increased is nearly -0.92.. So it was concluded that the main driving force of wetland shrinkage in Fujin region was the colonization of human being.

关键词：湿地动态变化三江平原生态系统生态环境