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Analysis of tandem repeats in the genome of chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis

chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1462-1469页

作者： KONG Jie1 & GAO Huan2.3 1. Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Re- sources, Ministry of Agriculture, Yellow Sea Fisheris Research Insti- tute, chinese academy of Fishery {2., Qingdao 2.6071, china 2. institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of {2., Qingdao 2.6071, china 3. The Graduate School of the chinese academy of {2.,{12., china Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fisheries Resources Ministry of Agriculture Yellow Sea Fisheris Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China The Graduate School of the chinese academy of {2. Beijing China

Through random sequencing, we found a total of 884000 base-pairs (bp) of random genomic sequences in the genome of chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis). Using bio-soft Tandem Repeat Finder (TRF) software, 2.59 tandem repeats were found, in which there were 1714 mi- crosatellites and 445 minisatellites, accounting for 79.4% and 2..6% of repeat sequences, respectively. The cumulative length of repeat sequences was found to be 116685 bp, ac- counting for 13.2. of the total DNA sequence; the cumula- tive length of microsatellites occupied 9.78% of the total DNA sequence, and that of minisatellites occupied 3.42.. In decreasing order, the 2. most abundant repeat sequence classes were as follows: AT (557), AC (471), AG (2.4), AAT (92., A (56), AAG (2.), ATC (2.), ATAG (2.), AGG (18), ACT (15), C (11), AAC (11), ACAT (11), CAGA (10), AGAA (9), AGGG (7), CAAA (7), CGCA (6), ATAA (6), AGAGAA (6). Dinucleotide repeats, not only in the aspect of the number, but also in cumulative length, were the preponderant repeat type. There were few classes and low copy numbers of repeat units of the pentanucleotide repeat type, which included only three classes: AGAGA, GAGGC and AAAGA. The classes and copy numbers of heptanucleotide, eleven-nucleotide and thirteen-nucleotide primer-number-composed repeats were distinctly less than that of repeat types beside them.

关键词：虾遗传特性遗传基因 DNA

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Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第9期47卷 822-833页

作者： LU Huayu1, WANG Xiaoyong1, AN Zhisheng1, MIAO Xiaodong1, ZHU Rixiang3, MA Haizhou2. LI Zhen4, TAN Hongbing2.& WANG Xianyan1 1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary geology, institute of Earth Environment, {2. academy of sciences, Xi’an 710075 china 2. Qinghai institute of Salt Lakes, {2. academy of sciences. Xining 810008, china 3. institute of geology and Geophysics, {2. academy of sciences, beijing 10002., china 4. Department of Geography, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, china chinese Acad Sci Inst Earth Environm State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol Xian 710075 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Qinghai Inst Salt Lakes Xining 810008 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Qinghai Normal Univ Dept Geog Xining 810008 Peoples R China

A typical sequence of fluvial terraces and aeolian deposits overlying these ter- races were multidisciplinary investigated. New evidences for uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the past 14 million years were obtained. At least 11 river terraces along Huangshui, the first-class tributary of Yellow River, at the Xining-Huzhu region are identi- fied. While the first one (T1) is classified as an accumulation terrace, the others are all basement river terraces, which consist of the Tertiary sandstone and siltstone bedrock, fluvial gravel and pebbles and the overlying aeolian loess-Red Clay deposit. Samples from the aeolian deposits were examined for paleomagnetic stratigraphic reconstruction (1030 samples), luminescence dating (16 samples), magnetic susceptibility and grain-size distribution (more than 4000 sam- ples). The luminescence dating and stratigraphic correlation suggest that terraces of Tll, T10, T8, T7, T3, T2. T1 were formed at 14, 11.3, 1.55, 1.2. 0.15, 0.07 and 0.01 million years ago, re- spectively. Sedimentological analysis and geomorphological observation indicate that formation and evolution of these terraces were mainly driven by tectonic uplift. Therefore, the terrace se- quence provides an ideal geological record, of the uplift process of the northeastern during the past 14 million years, and the timings of the terraces formation are regarded as the timings of tectonic uplift. The significant uplifting events took place at 14, 11.3, 1.2.and 0.15 mil- lion years ago, respectively. The fluvial incision at the Xining-Huzhu region is less than 100 m during a period of ~12.million years in the Miocene era (between the Tll and T9), while the Huangshui River had incised 432.m during the past 1.2.million years (from T7 to the present floodplain). The river incision process clearly demonstrates that accelerated rising of the north- eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the late Cenozoic, and provides new evidence of previous thoughts

关键词： river terrace, tectonic uplift, loess-Red Clay, the past 14 million years, northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

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geological EVOLUTION AND OROGENY OF EAST KUNLUN TERRAIN ON THE NORTHERN QINGHAI—TIBET PLATEAU

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 234-235页

作者： Xu Zhiqin, Yang Jingsui, Li Haibing(institute of geology,{2., beijing 10003.,china)

The East Kunlun terrain is located on the northern Qinghai—Tibet plateau, composed of the East Kunlun Mountain and the Qaidam Basin and bounded by the Qilian terrain on the north and Bayanhar—Songpan Ganze terrain on the south. It is regarded as a composite orogenic belt characterized by having developed superimposed ductile tectonic regimes reflecting the collision orogeny during Early Paleozoic and Triassic periods. It has also experienced transformation from ductile to brittle deformation caused by the post orogeny, since Jurassic after the formation of the East Kunlun Mountain and the Qaidam Basin. A Paleozoic subduction complex zone was recently recognized along the north border of the East Kunlun terrain from Da Qaidam to Dulan (Xu,et al, 1 999). It is composed of ophiolite (of Early Paleozoic age?), tectonic melange and very high\|pressure metamorphic rocks with eclogite (\%p\%=2.2.Pa, \%t\%=72.℃) (Yang,et al.,1998) and garnet\|peridotite (\%p\%=2.5GPa, t =837℃). The Anyemaqin Triassic subduction complex zone trending in NWW\|SEE was developed along the eastern segment of the south border of the East Kunlun terrain. It is mainly composed of ultramafic and mafic rocks, pillow basalt, radiolaria\|bearing clastic rocks, tectonic melange and mylonite. The subduction complex zone contains a series of the southward overthrusting imbricated slices. Instead of this subduction complex zone, a 2.km\|wide sinistral strike\|slip ductile shear zone trending in E\|W was developed along the western segment. On the basis of macroscopic and microscopic studies on a series of structural sections, we divide the East Kunlun Mountain into four tectonic units as follows: (1) North Proterozoic Metamorphic Basement Zone; (2. South Early Paleozoic—Triassic Superimposed Fold Zone; (3) South Triassic Transpression Zone; (4) Anyemaqin Back\|Arc Decollement\|Thrust Zone.

关键词： East Kunlun terrain composite orogenic belt subduction compl ex zone transpression shear zone

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Himalayan Tectonic Evolution in the East Asian Peri-Pacific Region

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1990年第3期64卷 233-246页

作者： Cui Shengqin Li Jinrong institute of Geomechanics, chinese {2. of geological Scinences, beijing Fei Zhenbi institute of Geornechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Scinences Beijing

This paper summarizes the Late Palaeozoic. Indosinian and Yanshanian palaeotectonic settings in theperi-Pacific region of East Asia. On that basis, the Himalayan crustal movement in the region is divided intothe early and late tectonic stages and two principal tectonic phases. From the ocean to the continent, 5 giganticHimalayan formation-deformation belts are distinguished; they are the Northwest Pacific trench-island arcbelt. the Northwest Pacific marginal sea basin bell. the East china Sea-northern South china Seacontinental-shelf down-faulted belt. the East Asian epicontinental rift belt. and the East Asian intracontinentalrift belt. The Early and Late Himalayan tectonic evolution is dealt with. Finally the state of the Himalayan re-gional stress field and its evoution in the region are discussed. It is considered that the mechanism of their for-mation is closely related to the continent-ocean and surface-deep earth interaction.

关键词： Asia

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PALEOMAGNETIC ESTIMATE OF THE MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC LATITUDINAL DISPLACEMENT OF TERRENES IN THE QINGHAI—TIBET PLATEAU AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 325-326页

作者： Li Pengwu, Cui Junwen, Li Li(institute of geology,{2., beijing 10003., china)

The Mesozoic—Cenozoic latitudinal displacement amounts of terranes (or blocks) in the Qinghai—Tibet plateau were calculated in paleomagnetism. These terranes (or blocks) include Tarim and Qaidam blocks, East Kunlun, Baryan Har, Qiangtang, Lhasa and Himalaya terranes. The calculated results are listed in table 1. These results show that:(1) There was the latitudinal displacement difference between central area and southwestern area in the Tarim southern margin since the lower Cretaceous. There was a southward latitudinal movement from the beginning of middle Jurassic or upper Jurassic (Zhou Qingjie, 1992.. The northward movement amounts of the Tarim northern margin since the Paleocene are greater than that of the Tarim southern margin. Tarim southern margin has moved northward about 1100km since the Paleocene, Tarim northern margin has done about 1700km. Qaidam has moved northward about 3100km since lower\|middle Jurassic. The northward displacement amount of Qaidam since Paleocene is about 810km, near to that of the central area, Tarim southern margin.

关键词： Qinghai\|Tibetan plateau paleomagnetism latitudinal displacement

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Criteria for defining and recognizing the various orders of sequences in outcrop sequence stratigraphy

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第7期47卷 618-629页

作者： WANG Xunlian Faculty of Earth sciences and Mineral Resources, china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology, chinese academy of sciences, Nanjing 2.0008, china 1. Faculty of Earth sciences and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing China

The regional distribution in different depositional facies belts is here regarded as an important criterion for defining and recognizing the various orders of sequences. The third-order sequence is possibly global in nature, which may be discerned in different depositional facies belts in one continental margin and can be correlated over long distances, sometimes even worldwide. Commonly, correlation of subsequence (fourth-order sequence with time interval of 0.51.5 Ma) is difficult in different facies belts, although some of them may also be worldwide in distribution. A subsequence should be able to discern and correlate within at least one facies belt. The higher-order sequences, including microsequence (fifth-order sequence) and minisequence (sixth-order sequence), are regional or local in distribution. They may reflect the longer and shorter Milankovitch cycles respectively. Sequence and subsequence are usually recognizable in different facies belts, while microsequence and minisequence may be distinguished only in shallow marine deposits, but not in slope and basin facies deposits. A brief discussion is made on the essential conditions for correct identification of sequences, useful methods of study, and problems meriting special attention in outcrop sequence stratigraphy.

关键词： outcrop sequence stratigraphy, facies belt, sequence, subsequence, microsequence, minisequence, meter-scale cyclothem, Milankovitch cycle.

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Experimental Study on the Leaching of Gold from Greenstone

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1993年第2期67卷 211-221页

作者： Liu Yushan, Zhang Guilan institute of Mineral Deposits, chinese academy of geological sciences, {2. and Tian Jun Changchun College of geology, Changchun, Jilin institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

Experiments were conducted on the leaching of gold from greenstone by chloride solution under the temperature of 2.0—550℃ and the pressure of 60 MPa. During part of the experiments, the oxygen fugacity was controlled. The results show that the leaching rate of gold is related to temperature, composition of the solution, pH and oxygen fugacity. In the experiment with oxidative acidic solution, the leaching rate was up to 50％ or more. It is known that the leaching of gold is restricted by the reaction in which the gold is dissolved from the rock to form gold chloride complex. Therefore, the authors hold that the acidic chloride solution derived from granite magma has caused the remobilization-migration of gold from greenstone and its enrichment into ore.

关键词： leaching gold deposits greenstone

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Tectonic setting of the Helong Block:Implications for the northern boundary of the eastern North china Craton

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1599-1612页

作者： ZHANG Yanbin1, WU Fuyuan1, ZHAI Mingguo1 & LU Xiaoping1,2.1. institute of geology and Geophysics, {2. academy of sciences, P.O. Box 982., beijing 10002., china 2. Regional geological and Mineral Resources Survey of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062. china institute of geology and Geophysics {2. academy of sciences beijing china Regional geological and Mineral Resources Survey of Jilin Province Changchun china

LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the Bailiping granitic pluton was em-placed during Late Paleozoic to Early Cretaceous (2.5―116 Ma) by four distinct magmatic epi-sodes, arguing against the previous thought that the Bailiping granites were emplaced during Archean, Proterozoic or Early Paleozoic. It is suggested that the so-called Archean Jincheng-dong granite-greenstone belt, mainly composed of Bailiping granites, should be broken down. Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the Bailiping granites are similar to those of the Phanerozoic granites in the Xing’an-Mongolian orogenic belt, suggesting that their parental magmas were mainly derived from a juvenile crust with some contamination of ancient crustal materials during magma rising and/or emplacement. Therefore, the basement of the Helong Block is similar to that in the northern Xing’an-Mongolian Orogenic Belt, but different from that of the North china Craton. It is proposed that the Archean Jinchengdong complex in this area is probably an exotic slice from the North china Craton, which indicates that the Fu’erhe-Gudonghe Fault, located in northern part of the Helong area, is not the boundary between the North china Craton and the Xing’an-Mongolian Orogenic Belt. The possible boundary should be located further southward more than 50 km and near the Baitoushan volcano.

关键词： LA-ICPMS ziron U-Pb dating, Bailiping complex, Helong Block, North china Craton, Sr-Nd isotope.

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Yixunite and Damiaoite—A Twin of New Native Alloys of Indium and Platinum from the Yanshan Mountains

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1997年第4期71卷 480-485,512-513页

作者： Yu Zuxianginstitute of geology,{2., 2. Baiwanzhuan, beijing 10003. institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 26 Baiwanzhuan Beijing 100037 [?]Yu Zuxiang Born in 1930 graduated from the Specialty of Mineralogy and Petrology Beijing College of Geology in 1953 now Research Professor of the institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences having long engaged in the study of mineralogy.

Yixunite and damiaoite Were found in a cobalt- and copper-bearing platinum ore vein of a contact metasomatic deposit. The chief ore minerals are bornite, chalcopyrite, magnetite and carrollite. The platinum minerals include moncheite, sperrylite, daomanite, cobalt malanite and cooperite. Yixunite and damiaoite occur as immiscible globules, 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter. Yixunite is always in the central part of a globule. It is opaque with metallic lustre, bright white colour and black streak. HM = 5.8; VHN50 = 634 kg/mm2.(573-681 kg/ mm2.; insoluble in HCl, HNO3, HF or H3PO4; no cleavage; no magnetism. Density is hard to measure because of small grain size. Calculated density = 18.2. g/cm3. Reflective colour is bright white with a yellowish tint. Isotropic. The mean analytical results (ranges) (%) are: Pt 82.8 (81.8-83.6), In 16.4(15.6-17.1) and total 99.2. The empirical formula (based on 4 atoms) is Pt2.993 In1.007 . The five strongest lines of X-ray diffraction (hkl, d,I) are 111, 2.30 (100); 2.0, 1.99 (60); 2.2. 1.411 (40);311, 1.2.3 (80); 2.2. 1.151(40). Space group: Pm3m with a =0.3988(3) nm and Z= 1. Damiaoite occurs as single globules or was exsolved from yixunite. Opaque with metallic lustre; bright white colour with black streak; HM = 5.3; VHN50 = 485 kg/mm2.(434-52. kg/mm2.; insoluble in HC1, HNO3, HF or H3PO4; cleavage: no; magnetism: no. Density: hard to measure because of small grain size. Calculated density = 10.95 g/ cm3. Reflective colour is bright white with a yellowish tint. Isotropic. The mean analytical results (ranges) (%) are Pt 45.6 (45.4-46.0), In 53.5 (52.4-53.9), total 99.1. The empirical formula (based on 3 atoms) is Pt0.002.In1.998. The six strongest lines of X-ray diffraction (hkl.d,I) are 2.0,2.2. (100); 311,1.92.(60); 400,1.59 (60); 42.,1.2.9 (80); 440,1.12. (60); 62.,1.006 (70). Space group: Fm3m with a = 0.6364 (3) nm and Z = 4.

关键词： yixunite damiaoite new native alloys cobalt- and copper-bearing platinum ore vein contact metasomatic deposit

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Orogenic and Anorogenic Granitoids in the Altay Mountains of Xinjiang and Their Discrimination Criteria

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1989年第1期63卷 45-64页

作者： Zou Tianren institute of Mineral Deposits, chinese academy of geological sciences, {2. Chao Huizhi and Wu Baiqing Xinjiang institute of geology, Ministry of Metallurgical Industry Urumqi, Xinjiang Jiang Minxi 1Teliti and Yang Yueqing also participated in the field work. Those who participated in the laboratory study also include Yang Bingbin Duan Shangzhi Lü Qiaoling Li Longqi and Yu Shimei.

On the basis of field geological studies of the granotoids in the region, mineralogical, petrological, geochemical(including stable isotope geochemical) and isotopic geochronological investigations were carried out on selected representative granitic bodies of various types. The authors have concluded that, apart from the bodies of the orogenic granitoid series, there also exist intrusions of the anorogenic granitoid series in the region. The intrusives of the two series were formed not only in different ages and tectonic environments, but also were derived from different sources of materials. Moreover, they are associated with different mineralizations, belonging to different minerologenetic series(Cheng et al., 1983). They show distinctly a series of discriminative criteria. The problems under discussion in the present paper are of important theoretical and practical significance in the studies of granites of the orogenic belt, particularly the studies of the genesis and related metallogeny of the granites of the region.

关键词： Orogenic and Anorogenic Granitoids in the Altay Mountains of Xinjiang and Their Discrimination Criteria

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