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Biogas charging and dissipating process and its accumulation in the Sebei gasfield,Qaidam Basin,china

Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 36-44页

作者： JIN Qiang 1,CHENG FuQi 1,2.,SU AiGuo 3.,ZHU GuangYou 3.,WANG Li 1 &CAO Qian 1 1 china University of Petroleum,Dongying,Shandong 2.7061,{3. 2.{2. institute of Shengli Oilfield,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong 2.7015,{3. 3.Petroleum Exploration and Development institute,Petro{3.,Beijing 100083.{3. china Univ Petr Shandong 257061 Peoples R China SINOPEC Geol Inst Shengli Oilfield Shandong 257015 Peoples R China Petrochina Petr Explorat & Dev Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The Sebei gasfield is the largest biogas accumulation found in china and many reservoirs and seal rocks superposed on a syndepositional anticline in *** biogas charging and dissipating process and its distribution have been a research focus for many *** authors suggest a diffusing and accumulating model for the biogas,as they find that the shallower the gas producer,the more methane in the biogas,and the lighter stable carbon isotope composition of *** on the diffusing model,diffused biogas is quantitatively estimated for each potential sandy reservoir in the gasfield,and the gas charging quantity for the sandy reservoir is also calculated by the diffused gas quantity plus gas reserve in-place.A ratio of diffusing quantity to charging quantity is postulated to describe biogas accumulating state in a sandy reservoir,if the ratio is less than 0.6,the reservoir forms a good gas-pool and high-production layer in the gasfield,which often occurs in the reservoirs deeper than 900 m;if the ratio is greater than 0.6,a few gas accumulated in the reservoir,which frequently exists in the reservoirs shallower than 900 ***,a biogas accumulation model is built up as lateral direct charging from gas source for the sands deeper than 900 m and indirect charging from lower gas-bearing sands by diffusion at depth shallower than 900 *** this charging and diffusion quantitative model,the authors conducted re-evaluation on each wildcat in the central area of the Qaidam Basin,and found many commercial biogas layers.

关键词： biogas charging and diffusing model relative dissipated quantity Qaidam Basin

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Megaclasts from the Carboniferous-Permian Rocks in the Langkawi Islands, Malaysia, and Their Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1999年第1期73卷 120-122页

作者： Chen Tingyu institute of geology 2. Baiwanzhuang Road,{2. Academy of {4. Sciences, Beijing 10003.,china institute of geology 26 Baiwanzhuang Road Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

The Ninth Regional Congress on geology, Mineral andEnergy Resources of Southeast Asia was held in KualaLumpur of Malaysia in August of 1998. After the Con-gress, the author participated in the geological fieldexcursion and investigation in the Langkawi Islands,and noted that the Carboniferous-Permian rocks con-tain megaclasts of metamorphic and pegmatitic rocks,which indicate the existence of pre-Carboniferousmetamorphism and magmatism. The observation resultsare as follows:

关键词： Malaysia and Their Implications Megaclasts from the Carboniferous-Permian Rocks in the Langkawi Islands

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Geochemical characteristics of the independent cadmium deposit, Niujiaotang, Duyun, Guizhou

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 61-63页

作者： LIU Tiegeng~1, YE Lin~1 and CHEN Guoyong~2.1. institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 2. Team No. 104. Bureau of geology and Mineral Resources, Duyun, Guizhou 558000,{2. institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China Team No. 104 Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Duyun Guizhou 558000 China

A large independent cadmium deposit has been found at Niujiaotang, Duyun, in recent years. To the bestof our knowledge this represents the first case of its kind in the world. With a reserve of over 5 000 tonsof cadmium, the deposit is unique in its high concentrations of cadmium which are tens of to over onehundred times higher than in ordinary cadmium mineralizations associated with Pb-Zn deposits. 1 geological characteristics The Niujiaotang deposit is located at the southwest margin of the Yangtze Plate. The region consistsof a thick sedimentary cover ranging from Sinian to Triassic in age overlying unconformably the basementof Mid-Proterozoic metamorphosed volcanic-sedimentary rocks. Lower Cambrian carbonate strata arcoutcropped in the mining district. Cadmium mineralizations, with seven layers recognizable, are devel-

关键词： independent cadmium deposit mode of occurrence of cadmium inclusion fluid feature stable isotope geochemistry.

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Origin, Evolution and Mechanism of the Jehol Fauna

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1991年第2期65卷 203-215页

作者： Wang Si’en institute of geology, {2. Academy of {3. Sciences, Beijing Liu Linqun institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing

This paper deals with the geographic distribution and geological setting of the Jehol (northeastHebei-southwest Liaoning-southeast Inner Mongolia) fauna, and discusses the origination and the evolution ofits major biological groups. It is demonstrated that the Yan-Liao (northern Hebei-western Liaoning) area is theprovenance for the fauna. Why the fauna originated and developed in the area was intimately related to suchfactors as the palaeoclimate, palaeogeography, crustal movement, volcanism and frequent reversals of magnet-ic polarity at that time, in addition to the internal factors of the organisms themselves.

关键词： Origin Evolution and Mechanism of the Jehol Fauna

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Megaripples from the Mesoproterozoic of the Kimberley region,northwestern Australia and its geological implications

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2012年第1期1卷 15-25页

作者： Lan Zhongwu 1,2.3.,Zhong-Qiang Chen 2.4.1.State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution,{3. of geology and Geophysics,{2. Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10002.,china 2.School of Earth and Environment,The University of Western Australia,Australia 3.Key Lab of Petroleum Resources Research,{3. of geology and Geophysics,{2. Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10002.,china 4.State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental geology,china University of Geosciences (Wuhan),Wuhan 4.0074.china State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Earth and Environment The University of Western Australia Key Lab of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and Geoph

Large ripples are described from the Mesoproterozoic Hilfordy Formation in the Kimberley region,northwestern *** ripple index (RI) and ripple symmetry index (RSI) suggest the Kimberley ripples were likely generated by storm *** wave height is up to 15 2. cm and wave length is up to 70 90 *** features,incorporated with other morphological characteristics such as symmetry,steepness,ripple spacing,and compositions,agree well with the megaripples previously reported from the intertidal-nearshore settings of modern seas and the geological *** Mesoproterozoic ripples were likely generated by the storm-induced *** survey of the global record of megaripples reveals that such structures have occurred through the geological past from the Archean to present *** were particularly common in the Neoproterozoic and had the largest ripple length and ripple height among the modern and geological *** is probably because extreme storms prevailed at that *** frequent occurrence in present day beach is probably due to the prevalence of extreme storms caused by the monsoon or tsunami/earthquake influenced climatic regimes.

关键词： megaripples palaeohydrodynamics extreme storms Mesoproterozoic Hilfordy Formation Kimberley northwestern Australia

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Anatomical variations of living and fossil Liquidambar leaves:A proxy for paleoenvironmental reconstruction

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第4期54卷 493-508页

作者： XIAO Liang 1,2.3.4.SUN BaiNian 1,2.,LI XiangChuan 1,REN WenXiu 1 &JIA Hui 1 1 Key Laboratory of Western{3.'s Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education and College of Earth and Environment Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 73.000,china 2.State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing {2. of geology and Palaeontology,chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 2.0008,china 3.College of Arts and Sciences,Bryant University,Smithfield RI 02.17,U.S.A. 4.Key Laboratory of Western{3.'s Mineral Resources and geological Engineering of Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054.china 1. Key Laboratory of Western china’s Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education and College of Earth and Environment Science Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China3. College of Arts and Sciences Bryant University Smithfield RI 02917 USA4. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering of Ministry of Education Chang’an University Xi’an 710054 China

Based on living ***,we have established that such epidermal cell properties as epidermal cell circumference(Circum.) ,undulation index(UI) ,epidermal cell area(EA) on both upper and lower epidermis and the corresponding epidermal cell density(ED) ,are suitable to differentiate between sun and shade ***,stomatal properties on the lower epidermis,including stomatal length(SL) ,stomatal pore length(PL) and the corresponding stomatal density(SD) ,are reliable parameters to identify sun/shade *** this anatomical approach was applied to 18 leaf remains of *** from the Miocene Xiannanshan Formation,Zhejiang Province(eastern china) ,and the fossil leaves were sorted into two groups,namely,sun and shade *** indicates that anatomical differences between sun and shade leaves found in living species could be used for fossil ***,the variation of UI between sun and shade morphotypes is larger on the upper epidermis as compared with the lower epidermis,showing that the UI on the upper epidermis is more sensitive to environmental *** addition,anatomical features are more variable in sun leaves than in shade leaves for both modern and fossil Liquidambar,suggesting sun leaves may be more sensitive to environmental *** leaves can then be a better indicator of paleoenvironmental ***,stomatal parameters of sun morphotype should be adopted on reconstructing paleoenvironments using Liquidambar leaf *** the other hand,the three-lobed fossil *** leaf assemblage in the Xiananshan Formation is represented by an almost similar percentage of sun and shade morphotypes(56%and 4.%,respectively) ,which is attributed to the short transport before *** a result,identifying sun/shade morphotypes are very useful in reconstructing paleoenvironments based on fossil leaves of Liquidambar.

关键词： Liquidambar formosana Liquidambar miosinica leaf anatomy the Miocene Xiananshan Formation sun and shade leaves

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Redetermination of the Crystal Structure of Vesignieite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1991年第2期65卷 145-151页

作者： Ma Zhesheng He Ruilin Zhu Xiaoling china University of Geosciences institute of {2. and Mineral Resources, Shaanxi institute of Mineral Depostis, {4. Academy of geological Sciences china University of Geosciences China

Vesignieite, Cu_3.a(VO_4._2.OH)_2. crystallizes in space group C_2./ m with a°=1.02.0(2., b°=0.5911(1),c°=0.7711(2.nm and β=116.4.0}3.°. The intensity data were collected with the RIGAKU RASA-IISsingle-crystal four-circle diffractometer. The structure was determined by Patterson and Fourier methods andrefined by the least-square technique to a final R index of 0.051 for 614.independent diffraction points with|F? |>3.|F?|. The crystal structure analysis shows that vesignieite has a layer structure parallel to (001). The powder diffraction lines were reindexed.

关键词： Redetermination of the Crystal Structure of Vesignieite

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Metallogenic geochemistry of Sb-mineralization in southern margin of North china platform

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 17-18页

作者： YANG Xiaoyong~1, YANG Xueming~1, ZHANG Jianjun~2. CAO Gaoshe~2.and ZHANG Zhengwei~2.1. Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technlogy of{3., Hefei 2.002.,{3. {2., Henan Bureau of geology and Mineral Resources, Zhengzhou 4.0053.{3. Department of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China institute of geology Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Zhengzhou 450053 China

1 geological setting THE Sb mineralization zone in the south margin of North china platform is located in the transitional edgeof North china plate and Yangtze plate, belonging to Qinling fold system, whose tectonic line is inNWW-SEE direction regionally. Because of the huge compression caused by the collision of the twoplates, the rocks undergone strong deformation and metamorphism have very complicated structures. Theregional deep fault-Shuanghuaishu fault-controls Sb-mineralization zone belt, and all the Sb-oredeposits or mineralized spots appear alone at the very southern margin of the fault. The lithostragraphirunits in the mineralized zone are relatively simple, mainly composed of Jiebei Group （Pt{3./sub>J{3./sup>） of QinglingFormation （with middle-high metamorphsim） and the upper Triassic system （with little metamorphism）.

关键词： Sb-mineralization metallognic geochemistry North china plateform.

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Glacial atmospheric CO_(2. decline in association with decrease of marine sedimentary phosphorus

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第3期49卷 322-330页

作者： WENG Huanxin1, ZHANG Xingmao1, WU Nengyou2. WANG Ying1, CHEN Lihong1, ZHONG Hexian2.& QIN Yachao1 1. institute of Environment & Biogeochemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 3.002.,{4. 2. Guangzhou Marine {2. Survey, CGS, MLR, Guangzhou 510760,{4. 1. institute of Environment & Biogeochemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China 2. Guangzhou Marine geological Survey CGS MLR Guangzhou 510760 China

The environmental and biogeochemical information extracted from the sediments col- lected from the northern shelf of the South china Sea shows that terrigenous inputs of phosphorus into the sea remained relatively constant, and the variation of phosphorus contents at different depths was caused by climatic and environmental changes. The findings also suggest that the vertical varia- tion of phosphorus content was opposite to those of calcium carbonate and cadmium, and the func- tional correlation between CO2.and PO4.? in seawater was given by calculating the chemical equilib- rium, indicating that the accumulation of marine sedimentary phosphorus may have something to do with the variation of atmospheric CO2. The decreased phosphorus accumulation as well as the cor- respondingly-increased calcium carbonate content might be one of key factors causing glacial at- mospheric CO2.decline.

关键词： sedimentary phosphorus, calcium carbonate, atmospheric CO2. northern shelf of the South china Sea, biogeochemistry.

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Virtual ChuanDian--A parallel numerical modeling of Sichuan-Yunnan regional strong earthquake activities: Model construction and parallel simulation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1585-1598页

作者： ZHANG Huai1, WU ZhongLiang1,2. ZHANG DongNing2. LIU Jie2. WANG Hui2. YAN ZhenZhen1,2.& SHI YaoLin11 Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Graduate University of chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10004., china 2.{2. of Geophysics, chinese Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, china 1. Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China 2. institute of Geophysics Chinese Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China

Reasonable use of mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of regional earthquake activities has attracted more and more attentions in realistic seismicity studies in recent years. The inherent nature of their attendant multi-scale properties, from either the temporal or the spatial direction, necessitates the use of the cutting-edge massive parallel data processing techniques. Our study here is focused on the model construction and numerical simulation of the regional stress evolution after large earthquake sequences along the fault zones in Sichuan and Yunnan areas, using large-scale parallel finite element approximations with tens of millions of unstructured meshes on the distributed systems. The objective of our study is to provide a state-of-the-art model and a large-scale numerical simulation platform, on which estimation of the risk of large earthquake triggering sequences can be carried out in a middle or long-term time scale with realistic data and constrains inputted from field observation and geological survey.

关键词： Sichuan-Yunan area seismic processing parallel simulation initial stress field

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