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Discovery of the budding phosphatized globular fossils from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an, Guizhou Province, china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第10期16卷 1079-1083页

作者： LIU Pengju , YIN Chongyu and TANG Feng (institute of geology, {2. Academy of {3. Sciences, Beijing {4., china) [a]institute of geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

There is much debate on biological affinities of the phosphatized globular fossils from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo phosphorites at Weng’an, Guizhou Province. Here we report for the first time the budding structures of some of these globular fossils, which have previously been interpreted as the resting eggs and early cleavage embryos of metazoans. The budding structures are similar to the germinating tubes of the spore and zygote of living algae, suggesting that some globular fossils from the Doushantuo phosphorites bear affinity with algae. The present new information indicated various biological affinity of the phosphatized globular fossils from the Doushantuo phosphorites.

关键词： Neoproterozoic Donshantuo Formation globular fossil budding structure algae resting eggs embryos.

On three-dimensional geological modeling and visualization

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第8期47卷 739-748页

作者： WU Qiang1 & XU Hua2.1. Department of Resource Exploitation Engineering, china University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083. china 2. Beijing {2. of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102.17, china 1. Department of Resource Exploitation Engineering China University of Mining and Technology 100083 Beijing China 2. Beijing institute of Petrochemical Technology 102617 Beijing China

The technology of 3. geological modeling will bring about great changes in the methods of geological data acquiring, storing, processing and displaying. However, no perfect or convenient software systems have been developed up to now since the geologic data which re-flect geological entities bear the feature of diversity, uncertainty and complexity. Some supervoxel models, mathematical models of fault and geometrical models of fold have been contrived so as to show the space geometric configuration of the complicated geologic structures. The application-oriented system architecture for 3. geological modeling is established; and a novel design concept based on spatial data processing is also proposed with the technology of solid modeling as its core and the application of models as its objective. Theories and methods for 3. geological modeling will hopefully be enriched and developed. In the light of these theories and methods, a feature-based navigation visualization technique is also put forward in the paper. By integrating geo-database, graphics libraries and KBS with 3. dynamic simulation systems, geologists will be able to capture the partial characteristics and whole structure embodied in the geological data in a direct-viewing, figurative and accurate manner.

关键词： 3. geological modeling,geometrical model,system architecture,visualization

Kinetics of early methane generation from Green River shale

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chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第22期43卷 1908-1912页

作者： LIU Jinzhong\+1 and TANG Yongchun 2.1. Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 5106{3.,{2. 2. Chevron Petroleum Technology Company, CA 9063., USA Laborarory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Chevron Petroleum Technology Company USA

During oil/gas exploration in an area, there is a question as to whether methane in the strata was generated \%in situ\% mainly by thermal degradation of local organic matter. The key to the question is whether the kerogen could produce methane of more than 80 mL/g TOC, when its \%R\%\-o increased from initial (0.3.%) to current value of 0.70% during thermal evolution. The authors have made efforts to answer this question by the kinetics method. First, a series of pyrolysis experiments were carried out to obtain data of methane yield and \%R\%\-o evolution, from which kinetic parameters of methane and \%R\%\-o were derived; then these parameters were extrapolated to the geological condition and finally, a methane yield, 96 mL/g TOC, was predicted. The result suggests that from the view of hydrocarbon generation, methane in the seam should be from thermal degradation of local kerogen.

关键词： methane kinetics pyrolysis organic geochemistry.

Deep seismic reflection profiling revealing the complex crustal structure of the Tongling ore district

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 193-200页

作者： L5 Qingtian1, HOU Zengqian1, ZHAO Jinhua1, SHI Danian1, WU Xuanzhi1, CHANG Yinfo1, PEI Rongfu1,HUANG Dongding2.& KUANG Chaoyang2.1. institute of Mineral Resources, {3. Academy of {2. Sciences, Beijing 10003., china 2. The Sixth Geophysical Exploration Brigade, Petroleum Bureau of East china, Nanjing 2.0009, china chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Mineral Resources Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Petr Bur E china Geophys Explorat Brigade 6 Nanjing 210009 Peoples R China

The deep seismic profiling across the Tongling ore district reveals a complex crustal structure. Strong contrasting dipping layered reflections (4.11 s, TWT),which dominate the lower crust of the northern part of the profile, are interpreted as the underplating of the basalt related to extensional tectonism. In the south of the profile, the Yangtze craton is characterized by strong reflections in the middle crust, showing a distinct two-layer crustal structure. Over the region of the Tongling uplift, there appear the complex arc shape reflections, suggesting folded, faulted and intruded structures, and the transparent zone below them reveals the existence of batholith. The south dipping strong reflections between the upper crust and lower crust (4.7 s, TWT) suggest a detachment between them. The detachment provided space for the magma intrusion, and caused the formation of the batholith. The Yangtze craton has a clear Moho re-flection, while the Tongling uplift has a weak Moho, whereas below the reflective lower crust in the northern part of the profile, there are sub-Moho reflections. The abrupt variation of the Moho characteristics within a short distance indicates the complexity of magmatic activity.

关键词： metallogenic belt, ore district, deep seismic profiling, crustal structure.

The tectonic setting and geochemical characteristics of metamorphic basement in the southwest of the Yangtze Plate

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 266-268页

作者： ZHANG Hongxiang~1, LIU Congqiang~2. HUANG Zhilong~2.and XU Zhifang~1 1. institute of Geophysics, {3. Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{2. 2. institute of Geochemistry, {3. Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. institute of Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

THE Dahongshan Group (in short DG) and its basement Dibadu Formation (in short DF) in the southeastof the Yangtze Plate are one of the oldest geological units in the Yangtze Plate. It is established in thisnote by means of geochemistry that the system of trench-arc-basin was formed by the subducting at thesouthwestern boundary of the Yangtze Plate in Lower Proterozoic Subera. And the existence of enrichedmantle EMI is argued by the way of trace elements geochemistry. 1 Regional geological setting There is a unit of the typical two-layer structure platform in the southwest of the Yangtze Plate. Themetamorphic basement of this platform is made up of Suberathem Dahongshan Group and SuberathemKunyang Group. Above them, there have covered expansive continental deposits from Mesozoic. The primary rocks of DG are composed of deposited limestone, sandstone and basalts. The basalts represent

关键词： Dahongshan Group(DG) Dibadu Formation(DF) tectonic geochemistry.

Effect and mechanism of stresses on rock permeability at different scales

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第7期49卷 714-723页

作者： YIN Shangxian1 & WANG Shangxu2.1. Safety Engineering College, North china institute of Science and Technology, Yanjiao, Beijing 101601, china 2. Key Laboratory of Geophysics Exploration, china University of Petroleum, Beijing 100083. china 1. Safety Engineering College North China Institute of Science and Technology Yanjiao Beijing 101601 China 2. Key Laboratory of Geophysics Exploration China University of Petroleum Beijing 100083 China

The effect of geo-stress fields on macroscopic hydro-geological conditions or micro-cosmic permeability of water-bearing media should follow some laws or principles. Cases study and tests show that: (1) At macro-geologic large scale, deformed and crashed rocks which were induced by geo-stress fields changing provided space for groundwater storage and flow. Groundwater adjusts water-bearing space and dilatants fractures by flowing and press transferring. Coupling of liquid and solid can be implemented for rocks and groundwater. Although tectonic fields witness several times of change and build-up in geological time, stress fields forming regional tectonic framework are coherent with seepage fields, orientation of the maximum horizontal stress demonstrates main seepage direc-tions. (2. At macro-geologic middle scale, zones of stresses changing sharply, quite low stresses, stress or shear concentration can be used to show locations and types of main fractures, zones of geo-stresses changing equably can be acted as normal base media zones of tri-porosity media. (3. At micro-geologic small scale, tri-porosity media include fractured rocks, porous rocks and capillary rocks. Investigations indicate that porosity or permeability is functions of effective stresses, and po-rosity or permeability changing rules of porous rocks with variation of effective stresses can be de-scribed as the index model, the model of power exponent functions is suitable for those of fractured rocks, the model of the second power parabola for capillary rocks. The porosity and permeability loss in fractured rocks, which are greater than that in porous rocks, are shown by calculation of effective compressive coefficient and closing pressure in cracks. The calculations can also explain the mecha-nism why porosity changes are always larger than permeability changes. It is proved by the thick wall cylinder theory that the second power parabola relation between porosity or permeability loss and effective

关键词： geo-stress fields, seepage fields, tri-porosity media, effective stresses, permeability, porosity,scale.

The geological feature, geochemistry and origin of Jinya gold deposit in Fengshan, Guangxi

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 168-169页

作者： ZHOU Jiyuan~1, CUI Bingfang~1 and LU Yan~2.1. Nanjing institute of geology and Mineral Resources, Nanjing 2.0016,{2. 2. Chengdu institute of Technology, Chengdu 610059,{2. Nanjing institute of geology and Mineral Resources Nanjing 210016 China Chengdu institute of Technology Chengdu 610059 China

1 geological feature of deposit The Jinya gold deposit is a fine disseminated gold mine. It occurs in sandstone and mudstone ofMiddle-Triassic Baifeng Formation, which is located at the margin of Late Paleozoic carbonate platform. Itwas controlled by the fracture zone, cleavage zone and fissure zone. The gold deposit has 15 orebodies,which are displayed as beds, lens and veins. The dominating minerals with gold are pyrite and arsenopyrite. The gold mainly occurs as submicroscopic intergranular gold. Low-to-moderate temperature (13.-3.5℃) wall-rock alterations are mainly silicification, pyritization and arsenopyrite, also includes realgarization, carbonation (calcite, dolomite), sericitization and argillation (kaolinite, pyrophyllite). It wasformed after undergoing the sedimentary diagenetic period, hydrothermal mineralization epoch (2.3.Ma)and supergene mineralization.

关键词： geological feature Jinya gold deposit Fengshan.

Sulfur isotope geochemistry of the Lemachang independent Ag deposit, northeastern Yunnan——A concurrent discussion on the mechanism of sulfur isotope equilibrium between barite and freibergite below 3.0℃

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 227-230页

作者： DENG Hailin~1, LI Chaoyang~1, ZHOU Yunman~2.and WANG Congwu~2.1. Open Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, institute of Geochemistry, {3. Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 2. No.3.Braneh of No.1 geology Party, Yunnan Bureau of geology and Mineral Resources, Xundian 6552.5,{2. Open Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China No. 3.Branch No. 1 Geology Party Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Xundian 655205 China

IN the study of hydrothermal deposits sulfur isotopes bear much information about the source of sulfur,ore-forming temperature, the evolution of ore-forming fluids and the mechanism of metallogenesis. Todetermine whether sulfur isotopes reach equilibrium between fluids and sulfur-bearing minerals precipitated from the former and among the sulfur-bearing minerals is the key to the application of sulfur isotopegeochemistry to geological problems. As it has been commonly accepted that sulfur isotopic equilibrium could not be reached between sulfate and sulfide below 3.0℃, little attention has been paid to thepossible mechanism of sulfur isotope equilibrium between sulfate and sulfide below 3.0℃. However, this note presents an example to show sulfur isotope equilibrium between barite and sulfate

关键词： sulfur isotope Lemachang independent Ag deposit barite freibergite sulfur isotope equilibrium below 3.0℃.

Mineralization episode of porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt: Re-Os dating

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第2期48卷 192-198页

作者： WANG Denghong, QU Wenjun, LI Zhiwei, YIN Hanlong4.& CHEN Yuchuan institute of Mineral Resources, chinese Academy of {{3. Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{4. National Center of Rock and Mineral Analysis, chinese Academy of {{3. Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{4. Resource Assessment Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650011,{4. institute of geology and Geophysics, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{4. chinese Academy of {{3. Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{4. 1. institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. National Center of Rock and Mineral Analysis Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 3. Resource Assessment Center of Yunnan 650011 Kunming China 4. institute of geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 5. chinese Academy of geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

Re-Os isotopic dating for the molybdenites from the porphyry copper deposits of the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt in Yunnan Province yields isochron ages of 3..9±1.1 Ma for the Machangqing deposit and 3.0}4.0.5 Ma for the Tongchang deposit. This result shows that both the Machangqing and the Tongchang porphyry Cu-Mo deposits from two different ore-fields formed simultaneously. This new data and the published Re-Os model ages of molybdenite (3..4.Ma, 3..9 Ma, 3..{3.Ma) of the Yulong porphyry copper deposit in Tibet, which is located in the same Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt as the Machangqing deposit and the Tongchang deposit, suggest that these three Cenozoic porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt were contemporary for their mineralization episode. That is to say, even their present locality is far away and nearly iso-distantly distributed, these three porphyry Cu(Mo) deposits belong to the same mineralization episode at the end of Eocene.

关键词： Re-Os isotopic dating, porphyry Cu deposits, Cenozoic, mineralization episode.