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Enrichment mechanisms of rare earth elements in marine hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts

Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第2期54卷 197-203页

作者： JIANG XueJun1,2.LIN XueHui1,2.YAO De3.4.& GUO WeiDong5 1 Key Laboratory of Marine Oil and Gas Resources and Marine Environment,Ministry of Land and Resources,Qingdao 2.6071,china 2.Qingdao institute of Marine {2.,china geological Survey,Qingdao 2.6071,china 3.institute of Resources and Environment,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 2.504.,china 4.institute of Oceanology,chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 2.6071,china 5 Department of Oceanography,Xiamen University,Xiamen 3.1005,china 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Oil and Gas Resources and Marine Environment Ministry of Land and Resources Qingdao 266071 China2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey Qingdao 266071 China3. Institute of Resources and Environment Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 China4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China5. Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

A series of selective extraction experiments were conducted on marine hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts from the seamount near the Line Island to investigate the distribution of rare earth elements （REEs） and the mechanisms of combination between REEs and the hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts. The enrichment of REEs in hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts is attributed mainly to the mineral or oxide/hydroxide of the crust rather than the growth environment. The REEs are present mainly in amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxide rather than in 6-MnO2. Amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxide preferentially combines free REE3., while 6-MnO2.combines the REE-carbonate complexes in modern seawater. The REEs in seawater are combined more strongly with amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxides than with 6-MnO2. The positive Ce anomaly in hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts results from the oxidation of soluble Ce3. to insoluble Ce{3. by the actively soluble oxygen of the bottom current rather than by the oxidation of δ-MnO2.

关键词： rare earth elements hydrogenic ferromanganese crust selective extraction experiment geochemistry combinationmechanism

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Discovery of double-peaking potassic volcanic rocks in Langshan Group of the Tanyaokou hydrothermal- sedimentary deposit, Inner Mongolia, and its indicating significance

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第6期48卷 822-833页

作者： PENG Runmin1, ZHAI Yusheng1, WANG Zhigang2.& HAN Xuefeng2.1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology, Ministry of Education, china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. china 2. Inner Mongolia {2. Prospecting institute, Ministry of Chemical Industry, Hohhot 010074. china Correspondences should be addressed to Peng Runmin 1. Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics and Lithoprobing Technology Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. Inner Mongolia geological Prospecting institute Ministry of Chemical Industry 010074 Hohhot China

It is revealed that the protolith of gray-light brown potash-feldspar-leucogranulites and granulites in the 2.d formation of the LG in Tanyaokou deposit are quartz kerotophyre of synsedimentary eruption based on the following facts and features: (1) The rocks look compact and homogeneous without obvious crystals with naked eyes; (2. they contain blastoporphyritic or glomeroporphyritic and blasto-crystalloclastic crystals consisting of quartz with wavy extinction and albite with obvious alteration and deformation; (3. they also contain radiated and fibrous blasto-microspherulitic texture and swallow-tailed bifurcate and blasto-hollow-skeleton crystal texture, representing the rapid cooling characteristic of the magma during submarine volcanic eruption; (4. the major chemical compositions of the rocks are: SiO2.= 70.80%―76.00%, K2. (4.83.―6.2.%)>Na2.(2.78%―3.80%), and K2.+Na2. = 8.63.―9.00%; and (5) their petro-chemical diagrams indicate that they are volcanic rocks. Together with the characteristic that they occur in the same sequence with potassic spilite (SiO2.= 4..12.―50.68%, K2. = 4.2.%―5.93.>Na2. = 2.15%―3.14., K2.+Na2. = 6.51%―8.08%), it can be confirmed that the vol-canics occurring in the 2.d Formation of the LG in Tanyaokou district are double-peaking potas-sic volcanic rocks. The discovery, together with the tuffs with ore minerals and the distribution of lead isotopic as well as the value of Co/Ni of pyrites >1 showing the obvious endogenic metali-zation, can prove that the Tanyaokou deposit is an untypical SEDEX-type deposit formed in the extension fault basin in the Mesoproterozonic aulacogen of the northern margin of the North{23. Platform, and its metallogenesis is related to the synsedimentary volcanic activities and the hydrothermal exhalation, and both the ore-forming material source and volcanics came from mantle or lower crust. These facts mentioned above, together with the meta-volcanic rocks (double-peaking) found in the Dongshengmiao and Huog

关键词： extensional rift basin, double-peaking potassic volcanic rocks, Mesoproterozoic, the 2.d formation of LG, Tanyaokou deposit, Inner Mongolia.

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Cesium accumulation by bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG7:hints for biomineralization of cesium-bearing geyserite in hot springs in Tibet,china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第19期52卷 2680-2686页

作者： WANG HaiLei1,2.3. ZHENG MianPing1,2.3.& HUANG XiaoXing4.1 {3. of Mineral Resources, chinese Academy of {2. Sciences (CAGS), Beijing 10003., china 2.R&D Center for Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits, CAGS, Beijing 10003., china 3.Open Laboratory of Saline Lake Resourses and Environment, CAGS, Beijing 10003., china 4.Laboratory of Microbial Resources, {3. of Microbiology, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100081, china institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (GAGS) Beijing 100037 China

The bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG7, isolated from hot springs in Tibet, china, was examined for the ability to accumulate cesium from solutions. Environmental conditions were simulated and the effects of pH, K+, Na+ and K+-regimes were then studied to determine the possible role of the bacterium in the formation of cesium-bearing geyserite around these hot springs. In despite of the inhibition of K+ and Na+, the bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG7 revealed noticeable accumulation of cesium from solutions, with maximum accumulations of 53.4. and 4..4. μmol Cesium/g cell dry weight in Na+ and K+ inhibition experiments, respectively. The accumulation of cesium by this microorganism is rapid, with 4.%―50% accumulated within the first 5 min. K+-deficient cells showed a much higher capacity of cesium accu- mulation compared with K+-sufficient cells. It is evident that the bacteria within the genus thermus play a significant role in the cesium assembly. The formation of cesium-bearing geyserite is also considered.

关键词：铯元素沉积物硅华生物矿化

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Zircon and apatite fission track analyses on mineralization ages and tectonic activities of Tuwu-Yandong porphyry copper deposit in northern Xinjiang, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1787-1795页

作者： YUAN WanMing1,BAO ZengKuan2.DONG JinQuan2.GUO ZhaoJie3.& DENG Jun1 1 State Key Laboratory of geological Processes and Mineral Resources,{3. University of Geosciences,Beijing100083.{3. 2.Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques,institute of High Energy Physics,chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10003.,{3. 3.Department of geology,Peking University,Beijing 100871,{3. 1. State Key Laboratory of geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China 2. Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China 3. Department of geology Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The mineralization ages reported in the past in the Tuwu-Yandong copper district not only are different,but also fall into the Hercynian *** study has achieved 9 zircon and 7 apatite fission track analysis *** zircon fission track ages range from 158 Ma to 2.9 Ma and the apatite ages are between 64.Ma and 14. *** mineralization accords with the regional tectonics in the copper *** consider that the zircon fission track age could reveal the mineralization age based on annealing zone temperature of 14.―3.0℃ and retention temperature of ～2.0℃ for zircon fission track,and metallogenetic temperature of 12.―3.0℃ in this ore *** three mineralization epochs have been identified,i.e.,2.9―2.6 Ma,2.2.2.0 Ma and 165―158 Ma,and indicate occurrence of the min-eralization in the Indosinian and Yanshan *** to apatite fission track ages,the three tectonic-mineralizing epochs are 14.―13.0}Ma,109―97 Ma and 64.Ma,which means age at about 100℃ after the *** three epochs lasted 14. Ma,108 Ma and about 100 Ma from ～2.0℃ to ～100℃ and trend decrease from early to *** is shown by the fission track modeling that this district underwent three stages of geological thermal histories,stable in Cretaceous and cooling both before Cretaceous and after 2. Ma.

关键词： mineralization age, tectonic epoch, fission track, zircon, apatite, Tuwu-Yandong, Xinjiang

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Magnetostratigraphy of Late Cenozoic fossil mammals in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 188-193页

作者： SONG Chunhui1,2.FANG Xiaomin 1,2.GAO Junping1, NIE Junsheng1,YAN Maodu1,3.XU Xianhai1 & SUN Dong1 1. MOE National Laboratory of Western china抯 Environmental Systems & College of Resource and Environment,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 73.000,{3. 2. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary {2. ,institute of Earth Environment,chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi抋n 710075, china 3. Department of geological Sciences,University of Michigan,AnnArbor,MI 4.109,USA Univ Arizona Steward Observ Tucson AZ 85721 USA MOE National Laboratory of Western china\'s Environmental Systems & College of Resource and Environment Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

A number of fossil mammals have been found in the very thick Cenozoic stratigraphy of the Guide Basin in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan *** of these are of great significance in mammal evolution and stratigraphic correla-tion on and around the Tibetan Plateau and North ***,the chronology of these mamals is poorly *** of the mammals will not only place precise age constraints on the mammals,but also provide much inlormation on the related stratigraphy that records the uplift process of the Tibetan *** paleomagnetism of the upper part of the Cenozoic stratigraphy at He'erjia and Lajigai north of Guide County has revealed magnetic chrons that can be correlated to Ganss and 3.n *** the section spanning about 3.16.5 Ma and the *** and third layers of fossil mammals at about 5.2.,5.1 and 4.4.Ma,*** of the significant genus Gazella kueitensis and the {3. elephant Anancus sinensis are firstly constrained at about 5.2. MaBP and 4.4.Ma,*** mammalian evolution and the associated increase in coarse sediments and sedimentation rate may suggest that the northeastern Tibetan Plateau was uplifted rapidly at that time,and the eastern Tibetan Plateau with its neighboring regions was not high enough to stop mammal exchange between the northern and southern sides of the Tibetan Piateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Guide Basin Late Cenozoic stratigra-phy fossil mammals paleomagnetism.

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Slope safety control during mining below a landslide

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第z1期48卷 47-52页

作者： MIN Hong1, DENG Jianhui1, WEI Jinbing1, ZHANG Qizhong2. ZOU Jiangang2.& ZHOU Zhibin2.1. {3. of Rock and Soil Mechanics, {4. Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 4.0071,{2. 2. Daye Iron Mine of WISCO, Tieshan, Daye 4.5006,{2. chinese Acad Sci Inst Rock & Soil Mech Wuhan 430071 Peoples R China WISCO DAye Iron Mine Daye 425006 Peoples R China

The East Open Pits of Daye Iron Mine were closed in year 2.00 and the ore beyond the pit limit was planned to be mined by underground ways. In order to facilitate the smooth transition to underground mining, hanging-wall ores in the old pits were scheduled to be mined. Xiangbishan pit is one of the four mining spots selected. In 1979 when the pit was mined to around 3. m a.s.l., a landside of around 70000 m3.occurred in its North Slope, leading to the closure of the pit. The pit was then backfilled to 60 m a.s.l. to maintain the slope stability. The hanging-wall ore to be mined is just located below the old slide, so whether the slide will be reactivated and how to control its deformation and stability are the key issues concerned. Based on geological investigation and numerical analysis, it was predicted that the slide would be reactivated and a control measure using the intact ore body as a retaining wall was thus suggested. During mining, displacements were monitored to assure safety. By July, 2.03. 3.3.00 tons of ore were successfully mined. Though the observed displacement reached 8795 mm, no major failure happened. The final slope is 110 m high with an angle of 70°.

关键词： open pit mine, hanging-wall ore mining, landslide, control measure, retaining wall.

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The tectonic settings and seismogenic tectonics of the M5.7 Jiujiang earthquake in 2.05,Jiangxi Province,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第5期51卷 640-653页

作者： LI ChuanYou1, ZENG XinFu2.& ZHANG JianXi3.1 institute of geology,{2. Earthquake Administration, Beijing 10002.,{2. 2.Jiangxi Earthquake Administration, Nanchang 3.003.,{2. 3.Beijing Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100080,{2. 1. institute of geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100029 China 2. Jiangxi Earthquake Administration Nanchang 330039 China 3. Beijing Earthquake Administration Beijing 100080 China

The M5.7 Jiujiang earthquake in 2.05 was a mid-strong one, stronger than expected to occur in the region. This paper discusses the neo-tectonic settings of this earthquake, and it is thought that the earthquake region is located in the transitional belt, a potential area inducing weak to moderately strong earthquakes, between two large different tectonic units. The results of the reconnaissance work and on-the-spot investigation after earthquake indicate that the occurrence of the M5.7 Jiujiang earth- quake is closely related with the NE-trending fault on the western margin of Ruichang Basin. From its controlling to the landforms and Quaternary depositions, geological profiles, ESR dating, etc., the ac- tivity of the Dingjiashan-Langjunshan fault bounding the basin is discussed. It suggests that this fault displays an active one in Middle Pleistocene by the outcrop. Based on the activity of the fault, and the direction and location of the ground fissures, the isoseismal lines and the nodal plane of the focal mechanism solution, it is inferred that the Dingjiashan-Langjunshan fault is the seismogenic tectonics of the M5.7 Jiujiang earthquake, and the intersection point between this fault and the active NW ones is the possible origin of location of this earthquake. Our study shows that this earthquake is not an event exceeding expectation, and that the active and invisible characteristics of the causative fault are typical in the eastern area of china.

关键词： Jiujiang earthquake tectonic settings Dingjiashan-Langjunshan fault activity seismogenic tectonics

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Regulation mechanism of EM parameters in natural ferrite and its application in microwave absorbing materials

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第1期49卷 38-49页

作者： ZHENG Yongchun1,2. WANG Shijie2. FENG Junming2. LI Chunlai1, OUYANG Ziyuan1,2. LIU Jianzhong1 & LI Xiaobiao2.1. National Astronomical Observatories, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012. china 2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, {2. of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002. china 1. National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Electromagnetic (EM) parameters (ε ′, ε ″, μ ′, μ″ ) of several M2.Fe2.4.and Fe2.3.type natural ferrites with different geological occurrences are measured in this pa-per. The measurement results show that EM parameters of a magmatic-occurring natural ferrite is very different from other types occurring from sedimentary-metamorphic iron deposit, hydrothermal vein iron deposit, outer contact of magmatic iron deposit. It has potential to be used as magnetic absorbent in microwave absorbing materials. After min-eral separation and concentration, this magmatic-occurring natural ferrite was processed into type A ferrite absorbent. Type A natural ferrite absorbent is a kind of magnetic material with low dielectric constants, high magnetic conductivity and high EM loss. Its EM pa-rameters are ε ′ = 58.60, ε ″ = 10.0, μ ′ = 1.2.1.5, μ ″ = 1.0-1.2. respectively. In order to illuminate the regulation mechanism of EM parameters, we studied the chemical and mineral composition of type A ferrite absorbent. There is high concentration of natural impurities, which regulate the EM parameters of type A ferrite greatly. For comparison, the other types of natural ferrite, single-phase magnetite and two-phase iron minerals (ilmen-ite and magnetite), have few impurity. Thus regulation mechanism of EM parameters was absent in these ferrites. As a result, the regulation of EM parameters is advantageous to develop type A natural ferrite as excellent absorbent, lowers the reflectivity coefficients and enhances the absorbing efficiency of MAM made from it. Furthermore, the impurities in type A natural ferrite and its effects on EM parameters are very difficult to simulate in the synthesize ferrite. The carbonyl-iron powder is another kind of absorbent that is used ex-tensively in MAM. To compare the absorbing properties of these two absorbent, type A natural ferrite and carbonyl-iron powder were mixed with rubber and processed into mi-crowave absorbing sheets with the same procedures and tec

关键词： natural impure ferrite, complex permittivity, complex permeability, microwave absorbing materials.

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Oxygen isotope as a tracer of REE fractionation in water-rock interaction

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chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 224-226页

作者： DENG Hailin~1, LI Chaoyang~1, ZHOU Yunman~2.and WANG Chongwu~2.1. Open Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, institute of Geochemistry {3. Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 2. No.1 geological Party, Yunnan Bureau of geology and Mineral Resources, Xundian 6552.5,{2. Open Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China No. 1 geological Party Yunnan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Xundian 655205 China

STABLE oxygen isotope is not only an effective approach to tracing water-rock interactions, but also canprovide much information about ore-forming temperature and source and evolution of ore fluids in thestudy of hydrothermal deposits. The rare-earth elements (REE) can be used to trace the sources ofore-forming materials and can also, to some extent, indicate the physical and chemical properties of fluids in the geochemical processes. The combination of these two aspects of research can effectivelyprobe into the geochemical behavior and evolution of REE in the process of water-rock interaction duringhydrothermal ore deposition. On the other hand, the essence of REE as tracers in hydrothermal mineralization can be better understood. In this note the Lemachang independent Ag deposit in northeastern Yunnan is selected for a case study.

关键词： oxygen isotope tracer water-rock interaction REE fractionation.

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A new species of Macrocnemus (Reptilia: Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of southwestern china and its palaeogeographical implication

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Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1601-1605页

作者： LI Chun1, ZHAO LiJun2.& WANG LiTing3.1 institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1000{3.,{2. 2.Zhejiang Museum of Nature History, Hangzhou 3.0012.{2. 3.geological Survey of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550005,{2. 1. institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China 2. Zhejiang Museum of Nature History Hangzhou 310012 China 3. geological Survey of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550005 China

A new species of the terrestrial protorosaur Macrocnemus is briefly described and named Macrocne-mus fuyuanensis sp. nov. The specimen was found from the marine Triassic of Yunnan Province, southwestern china. It differs from the type species M. bassanii in having the following characters: (1) 17 or 18 dorsal vertebrae; (2. relatively long humerus; and (3. femur longer than tibia. M. fuyuanensis is the only record of the genus outside Monte San Giorgio area and the first definite terrestrial reptile found from the marine Triassic of china. The age of the fossil-bearing Zhuganpo Member of the Falang Formation is believed to be the Ladinian based on associated vertebrate fauna. The existence of Mac-rocnemus in the limestone suggests the presence of a terrestrial ecosystem which probably originated from the Anisian and well developed in the Ladinian in this region. The island system along the north-coast of Tethyan during the Triassic was probably an important route for the exchanges of reptiles, especially the terrestrial reptiles between the west and east.

关键词： Protorosauria,Middle Triassic,Ladinian,Yunnan,terrestrial reptile

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