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Hierarchical structures in climate and atmospheric turbulence

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2002年第10期 29-34页

作者： SHE Zhensu, FU Zuntao, CHEN Jiong, LIAng Shuang and LIU Shida(1. State Key Laboratory for Studies of Turbulence and Complex Systems, Department of Mechanics and Engineering sciences, Peking University, beijing 100871,{2. 2. school of Physics, Peking University, beijing 100871,{2. 3. LAPC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 10002.,{2.) State Key Laboratory for Studies of Turbulence and Complex Systems，Department of Mechanics and Engineering sciences，Peking University，beijing 100871，{2. LAPC，Institute of Atmospheric Physics，chinese academy of {2.，beijing 10002.，china school of Physics，Peking University，beijing 100871，{2. State Key Laboratory for Studies of Turbulence and Complex Systems，Department of Mechanics and Engineering sciences，Peking University，beijing 100871，{2. school of Physics，Peking University，beijing 100871，{2.

The climatic time series encompass many time scales, forming multi-scale climatic variations and hierarchies. The periods and magnitudes of cooling or warming, especially for extreme climatic events, vary with the time scales. On the other hand, high-frequency atmospheric turbulent motions, which are certainly related to the climatic changes, are also typical multi-scale phenomena. In this paper, certain properties of the fluctuations are examined that are invariant with the change of the time scales. Specifically, the existence of a statistical similarity law is demonstrated in climatic time series and in atmospheric turbulent motions. This is the hierarchical similarity law. Further analyses show that the hierarchical similarity law is a general property of multi-scale fluctuation systems. Therefore, the study on the hierarchical similarity law is important for understanding the inherent universal physical mechanism of complex systems in the atmospheric motions.

关键词： climate multi-scale hierarchical structure atmospheric turbulence.

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Jensen's Inequality for Backward Stochastic Differential Equations

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chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2006年第5期27卷 553-564页

作者： Long JIAng Department of Mathematics, china University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 2.1008, Jiangsu, china {2. of Mathematical sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 2.0433, china {2. of Mathematics and System sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 2.0100, china. Department of Mathematics China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221008 Jiangsu China school of Mathematical sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China school of Mathematics and System sciences Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Under the Lipschitz assumption and square integrable assumption on g, the author proves that Jensen＇s inequality holds for backward stochastic differential equations with generator g if and only if g is independent of y, g（t, 0）≡ 0 and g is super homogeneous with respect to z. This result generalizes the known results on Jensen＇s inequality for gexpectation in [4, 7-9].

关键词： Backward stochastic differential equation g-Expectation Jensen's inequality for g-expectation Jensen's inequality for BSDEs

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HEALIng OF HYDROgEN ATTACK CRACK IN AUSTENITE STAINLESS STEEL UNDER HEAT TREATMENT

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2002年第4期15卷 385-390页

作者： X.g.Li,C.F.Dong and H.Chen school of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china State Key Laboratory of Corrosion and Protection, Institute of Metal Research, The chinese academy of sciences, She Sch. of Mat. Sci. and Eng. Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Beijing Beijing 100083 China

The specimens of 304 austenite stainless steel with the hydrogen attackbubbles or cracks were heat treated at 600 deg C for 6h. The SEM and TEM observations on thespecimens before and after the heat treatment showed that the bubbles or cracks could be healedcompletely by heat treatment. The healing of hydrogen attack bubbles or cracks is closely related toheat diffusion of Fe and C atoms in austenite. The driving force of crack healing results from theplastic deforming energy E_s induced by the growth of hydrogen attack bubbles or cracks. Thecritical condition of healing of bubbles or cracks is E_s >= 2.gamma/r (where gamma is the surfacetension, r is the radius of bubbles or half length of crack). During healing of the hydrogen attackbubbles or cracks, the recovery, polygonization and recrystallization of the sub-grain also occured.

关键词： stainless steel hydrogen attack bubble or crack healing

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春季南黄海浮游动物群落的多元统计分析

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水产学报 2003年第S1期27卷 108-114页

作者：左涛王克王荣高尚武中国科学院海洋研究所生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院海洋研究所生态与环境重点实验室山东青岛　2.6071中国科学院研究生院北京　100038 山东青岛　2.6071

根据2.01年5月南黄海产卵场专项调查2.个测站所采集的大型浮游动物网样品,对南黄海春季浮游动物组成及群落结构进行了多元分析。测区浮游动物种类为17种,主要分属3种生态类型。浮游动物总丰度为2.395ind·m-2.中华哲水蚤数量最多,为... 详细信息

根据2.01年5月南黄海产卵场专项调查2.个测站所采集的大型浮游动物网样品,对南黄海春季浮游动物组成及群落结构进行了多元分析。测区浮游动物种类为17种,主要分属3种生态类型。浮游动物总丰度为2.395ind·m-2.中华哲水蚤数量最多,为海区内绝对优势种。聚类分析将测区2.个测站聚合为5组(A-E),A、C、D组均位于相对高温低盐沿岸水域(水深2.,B、E组则位于相对低温高盐的黄海中部水域(水深>50m,盐度>32.。根据各组群间浮游动物组成的相似程度及其地理分布,A、C组可归为山东沿岸群落,代表种类为墨氏胸刺水蚤和夜光虫;D组则归为苏北沿岸群落,代表种为墨氏胸刺水蚤和长尾住囊虫。B、E组则归为黄海中部群落,代表种类为偏低温高盐的温带近海类型太平洋磷虾。

关键词：浮游动物群落多元分析黄海

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Studies on rickettsia-like organism (RLO) disease of tropical marine pearl oyster-Epidemiological investigation of RLO disease in juvenile populations of maricultured Pinctada maxima

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第3期22卷 421-435页

作者： Xinzhong Wu , Dengfeng Li, Jinpei Pan, Jingbo Jiang College of Animal sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 31002.,china. Email: wuxz@zju.edu.cnSouth{2. Sea Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences,guangzhou 510301,chinaschool of Life sciences,SUN YAT-SEN University,guangzhou 5102.5,china College of Animal sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China South china Sea Inst. of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China school of Life sciences SUN YAT-SEN University Guangzhou 510275 China

The death which occurred in juvenile population was a severe problem in the course ofPinctada maxima artificial culture. With the methods of field investigation, histological study and statistic analyses, the epidemiological study was carried out on the disease and death in juvenile populations of Pinctada maxima in the Xinying Pearl Oyster Mariculture Farm of Lingao County (for the A, B and C batches of cultured juveniles hanged in the sea) and the Xincun Pearl Oyster Mariculture Farm of Lingshui County (for the D batch of cultured juvenile hanged in the pond), Hainan Province from November 1993 to April *** results show that the deaths which occurred in juvenile populations of Pinctada maxima presented an outbreak pattern. The peak of mortality rates, in general, occurred in 4-to 6-month old pearl oyster juveniles, and the mortality rates gradully declined with the extention of pearl oyster age after cul-turing 8 months. The correlation between the mortality rates of juvenile populations and mean body lengths of juvenile populations show that the mortality rate become higher under 4 cm of mean body lengths of juvenile population and become obvious declined over 5 cm of mean body lengths. The peak of mortality rate occurred in 1-3 cm of mean body lengths. The results of histological observation showed that rickettsia-like organism inclusions were common, histological widespread infective agent among every batches (A, B, C and D) of cultured juvenile populations. The mean severity indices (SI) of rickettsia-like organism (RLO) infection were positively correlated with mortality rates of juvenile populations. After or within every peaks of RLO infection were all accompanied with the peaks of mortality rates of host populations and the mortality rates declined with decreased RLO infection. So the evidences of histological observation and epidemiology in this study indicated that rickettsia-like organism (RLO) may be as an important pathogenic organism of disease

关键词： Pinctada maxima rickettsia-like organism epidemiology juvenile population

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Cloning of UgT1A9 cDNA from liver tissues and its expression in CHL cells

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2001年第6期7卷 841-845页

作者： Xin Li~(1,2. Ying-Nian Yu~1 ge-Jian Zhu~1 Yu-Li Qian~1 1 Department of Pathophysiology,school of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,china2.College of Pharmcy,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,china Department of Pathophysiology School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China.

AIM: To clone the cDNA of UgT1A9 from a chinese human liver and establish the chinese hamster lung (CHL) cell line expressing human UgT1A9. METHODS: cDNA of UgT1 A9 was transcripted from mRNA by reverse transcriptase-ploymerase chain reaction, and was cloned into the pgEM-T vector which was amplified in the host bacteric *** DH5(alpha). The inserted fragment, verified by DNA sequencing, was subcloned into the Hind III /Not I site of a mammalian expression vector pREP9 to construct the plasmid termed pREP9-UgT1A9. CHL cells were transfected with the resultant recombinants, pREP9-UgT1A9, and selected by g418 (400 mg x L(-1)) for one month. The surviving clone (CHL-UgT1A9) was harvested as a pool and sub-cultured in medium containing g418 to obtain samples forUgT1A9 assays. The enzyme activity of CHL-UgT1A9 towards propranolol in S9 protein of the cell was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The sequence of the cDNA segment cloned, which was 1666 bp in length, was identical to that released by gene Bank (genBank accession number: AF056188) in coding region. The recombinant constructed, pREP9-UgT1A9, contains the entire coding region, along with 18 bp of the 5' and 55 bp of the 3' untranslated region of theUgT1A9 cDNA, respectively. The cell lines established expressed the protein of UgT1A9, and the enzyme activity towards propranolol in S9 protein was found to be 101+/- 2. pmol x min(-1) x mg(-1) protein (n=3), but was not detectable in parental CHL cells. CONCLUSION: The cDNA of UgT1A9 was successfully cloned from a chinese human liver and transfected into CHL cells. The CHL-UgT1 A9 cell lines established efficiently expressed the protein ofUgT1A9 for the further enzyme study of drug glucuronidation.

关键词： Cloning, Molecular gene Expression Animals Cell Line Cricetinae Cricetulus DNA, Complementary glucuronosyltransferase Humans Liver Molecular Sequence Data Research Support, Non-U.S. gov't

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Cell-specific Regulation of APOBEC3F by Interferons

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2007年第4期39卷 297-304页

作者： Songcheng YIng~1# Xuzhao ZHAng~1# Phuong Thi nguyen SARKIS~2. Rongzhen XU~1 Xiaofang YU~(1,2.) 1 Second Affiliated Hospital,Cancer Institute,school of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310009,china 2.Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology,Johns Hopkins BIoomberg school of Public Health,Baltimore.Maryland 2.2.5,USA Second Affiliated Hospital Cancer Institute School of Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009 China Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimore Maryland 21205 USA

Human cytidine deaminase APOBEC3F（A3F）has broad anti-viral activity against hepatitis Bvirus and retroviruses including human immunodeficiency virus type ***,its regulation in viralnatural target cells such CD4+T lymphocytes,macrophages,and primary liver cells has not been *** we showed that A3F was up-regulated by interferon（IFN）-α in primary hepatocytes andmultiple liver cell lines as well as *** the IFN-α signaling pathway was active in Tlymphoid cells and induction of other IFN stimulated genes such as PKR was detected,A3F and APOBEC3g（A3g）were not induced by IFN-α in these ***,additional factors other than known IFN-stimulatedgenes also regulated IFN-α-induced A3F expression distinctly.A3F and A3g expression levels in primaryhepatocytes,especially after IFN-α stimulation,were comparable to those in CD4~ T lymphocytes in *** variations of A3F and A3g expression in primary hepatocytes from various subjectswere *** variations in A3F and/or A3g regulation and expression might influence the clinicaloutcomes of hepatitis B infection.

关键词： APOBEC3F interferon human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hepatitis B virus cytidine deaminase

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Shear viscosity to entropy density ratio and liquid-gas phase transition

Shear viscosity to entropy density ratio and liquid-gas phas...

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第十四届全国核物理大会暨第十届会员代表大会

作者： s.x.Li 1, 2.D.Q.Fang1 Y.g..Ma1 1 Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, chinese academy of {2., shanghai 2.g.aduate school of chinese academy of {2., beijing, china

Liquid-gas phase transition is an essential phenomenon in nuclear *** this work,we calculate the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio(η/s)for an equilibrated system in intermediate energy heavy

关键词： BUU liquid-gas phase transition η /s

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Ambient total suspended particulates and airborne heavy metals at traffic junction in guangzhou,china

Ambient total suspended particulates and airborne heavy meta...

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第九届全国气溶胶会议暨第三届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会

作者： Kai Zhou~(1,2. Youhua Ye~3 Shaolin Peng~(1,3,*) 1 South china Botanical garden,chinese {2. of sciences,guangzhou 510650,china 2.g.aduate school of the chinese {2. of sciences,beijing 100039,china 3 school of Life sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,guangzhou 5102.5,china

The main goal of this work is to evaluate the concentrations of total suspended particulates(TSP)at Tianhe traffic junction from September 2.05 to February 2.06 in guangzhou,***-related heavy metals Cd,Pb,and Cr in TSP were also measured in this *** sampling was performed using a h/gh-volume *** TSP levels were determined by gravimetry and the concentrations of airborne metals by axial view inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The data of wind speed(WS),relative humidity(RH),wind direction(WD)and temperature(T)were also collected to evaluate the effects of different climate conditions on the concentrations of airborne metals in TSP during the sampling period. Results showed that the monthly average concentrations of TSF varied from 65.4 to 461.5μg/m,with a mean value of 2.0.1μg/m,which exceeded the limit of 2.0μg/m for National Ambient Air Quality Standard(NAAQS)and TSF levels reported at other sites around the *** to multiple comparisons data,the monthly average concentration in February was significantly higher than that in other *** addition,higher concentration of TSP was observed during daytime than nighttime,but no significant difference was *** concentration was negatively related to WS,RH and UHI,especially to *** concentration of 199.7 ng/m in average was 40 times higher than the safety limited value for WHO Air Quality guidelines and 3- 2.9 times that of the values reported at other traffic sites in mega cities ***, with an averase of 673.6 ng/m,is another important pollutant found in ***,the Cd and Pb exposure have become a particularly sigmificant public health problem and environmental damage in guangzhou.

关键词： Total suspended particulates(TSP) Heavy metals guangzhou china

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Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1425-1434页

作者： Chenglian Feng,Yiping Xu,Yue He,Qian Luo,Jinmiao Zha,Zijian Wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences,chinese {2. of sciences,beijing 100085,china. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Decabromodiphenyl ether （BDE2.9） is the primary component in a commonly used flame retardant. Previous studies had proved that BDE2.9 itself was not toxic, while its metabolites including debrominated diphenyl ethers （De-BDEs） and methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers （MeO-BDEs） posed a potential threat to organisms. Many studies had indicated that BDE2.9 could metabolize quickly in mammals, but lacking in the basic data about the metabolism of BDE2.9 in fish. In the present study, two replicate treatment groups of rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus rnykiss） were exposed to BDE2.9 via a single intraperitoneal injection approximately 100 and 500 ng/g, respectively. Muscle, liver and blood samples were collected to analyze the specific metabolites on day 1 and day 2. post injection. The highest concentration of BDE2.9 was detected in muscle tissues, from 796.1 ng/g wet weight （day 1） to 687.1 ng/g wet weight （day 2.） in high dose group, suggesting that BDE2.9 could accumulate slightly in muscle tissues. However, BDE2.9 was not detected in the blood for all treatments. Most congeners of De-BDEs were found in muscle and liver tissues, with the highest concentration in the liver. The main De-BDEs were nona-, octa-, hepta- and penta-De-BDEs. A total of seven MeO-BDE metabolites were observed among different fish tissues. Blood had the highest contribution of the MeO-BDE metabolites. Each MeO-BDE congener increased over the 2. days. These results in contrast to other studies suggested possible species-specific differences in metabolic abilities.

关键词： decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE2.9) methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs) debrominated diphenyl ethers (De-BDEs) rainbow trout

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