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Immune checkpoint inhibitors:breakthroughs in cancer treatment

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 451-472页

作者： Xueqing Kong Jinyi Zhang Shuwei Chen xianyang Wang Qing Xi Han Shen Rongxin Zhang Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation School of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China department of Biology School of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Over the past two decades,immunotherapies have increasingly been considered as first-line treatments for most *** such treatment is immune checkpoint blockade(ICB),which has demonstrated promising results against various solid tumors in clinical *** antibodies(mAbs)are currently available as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).These ICIs target specific immune checkpoints,including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4)and programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1).Clinical trial results strongly support the feasibility of this immunotherapeutic ***,a substantial proportion of patients with cancer develop resistance or tolerance to treatment,owing to tumor immune evasion mechanisms that counteract the host immune ***,substantial research focus has been aimed at identifying additional ICIs or synergistic inhibitory receptors to enhance the effectiveness of anti-PD-1,anti-programmed cell death ligand 1(anti-PD-L1),and anti-CTLA-4 ***,several immune checkpoint molecular targets have been identified,such as T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains(TIGIT),mucin domain containing-3(TIM-3),lymphocyte activation gene-3(LAG-3),V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation(VISTA),B and T lymphocyte attenuator(BTLA),and signal-regulatory proteinα(SIRPα).Functional m Abs targeting these molecules are under ***-4,PD-1/PD-L1,and other recently discovered immune checkpoint proteins with distinct structures are at the forefront of *** review discusses these structures,as well as clinical progress in m Abs targeting these immune checkpoint molecules and their potential applications.

关键词： Immunotherapy cancer ICIs PD-1 CTLA-4

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Modified NiFe-MOF with defects induced by-NH_(2.and-SH for enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2.

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 167-176页

作者： Ruting Huang Yeyin Zhang Wenqiang Li Wanxia Zhang Yong Fang Wenrui Zhang Anqi Cui Yu Ying xianyang Shi Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and RestorationSchool of Resource and Environmental EngineeringAnhui UniversityHefei230601China Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling Resources and Environment of Anhui Institute of Soil and FertilizerAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei230001China

In this study,a Ni-Fe metal-organic framework modified by-NH_(2.and-SH was synthesized using a sim-ple hydrothermal process for enhancing photocatalytic CO_(2.*** expected,the N2.-NiFe(NH_(2.-BDC/H_(4)DSBDC,2.1)displayed excellent photocatalytic CO_(2.reduction activity and high CO selectivity(12.412.2.μmol g^(−1)h^(−1))under visible light irradiation(λ≥42. nm),which is 5 times that of ***,the excellent photocatalytic performance of N2.-NiFe can benefit from the rich defect trap site caused by the introduction of amino and sulfhydryl groups,accelerating charge transfer and promoting space charge separation,as supported by the photo-electrochemical *** better understand the CO_(2.adsorption mechanism,density functional theory calculations were performed,which revealed that the Niov site has more negative adsorption energy compared with the Feov *** study provides a simple strategy to establish efficient photocatalysts for CO_(2.reduction through the modification of organic ligands.

关键词： NiFe-MOF CO_(2.reduction Defect structure Photocatalytic

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Exploration of the Teaching Reform of Computer Composition Principles with Ideological and Political Education at Anqing normal university

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Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 2024年第10期8卷 294-299页

作者： Liangliang Zhang Liefu Ai Xin Zheng xianyang Wang Qingfeng Tang School of Computer and Information Anqing Normal UniversityAnqing 246133Anhui ProvinceChina

The teaching mode of the Computer Composition Principles includes theoretical and practical *** present,there is a problem of inconsistency in the teaching content of the two methods in our *** this end,this paper conducts online and offline hybrid teaching based on the learning platform and the virtual simulation experiment platform,and cleverly applies ideological and political elements to theoretical and practical teaching to practice ideological and political ***,the combination of theoretical and practical teaching modes can further help students firmly grasp the core knowledge points and improve the teaching quality and level of this course.

关键词： Theoretical teaching Practical teaching Ideological and political education Online and offline

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Near infrared lights emission of ^(40)Ar^(16+) impacting on metal surfaces

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Science china(phys.cs,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第7期52卷 1021-1026页

作者： ZHANG XiaoAn1,2. XIAO GuoQing2. YANG ZhiHu2. WANG Li1 & ZHAN WenLong2.1 department of phys.cs,{2., xianyang 712.00, china 2.Institute of Modern phys.cs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china department of phys.cs Xianyang Normal University Xianyang 712000 China Institute of Modern phys.cs Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

The highly charged ion 40Ar16+ with the velocity (kinetic energy EK=150 keV, velocity V=8.5×105 m/s) smaller than Bohr velocity (VBohr=2.9×106 m/s) was found to hove impacts on the surfaces of metals Ni, Mo, Au and Al, and the Ar atomic infrared light lines and X-rays spectra were simultaneously measured. The experimental results show that the highly charged ion that captures electrons is neutralized, and the multiply-excited hollow atom forms. The hollow atom cascade decay radiates lights from infrared to X-ray spectrum. The intensity of infrared lights shows that the metallic work functions play an important role in the neutralization process of highly charged ions during their interaction with metallic surfaces, which verifies the classical over-the-barrier model.

关键词： infrared light lines X-ray neutralization highly charged ions

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X-ray spectra induced by ^(12.)Xe^(q+) impacting the metal surface

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Science china(phys.cs,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第1期51卷 82-89页

作者： ZHANG XiaoAn 1,2.,XIAO GuoQing 1 ,YANG ZhiHu 1 ,CHEN XiMeng 3 ,ZHAO YongTao 1 , LI FuLi 4 ,WANG Li 1,2.,CUI Ying 3 ,ZHANG HongQiang 3 &ZHAN WenLong 1 1Institute of Modern phys.cs,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,china 2.2. of phys.cs,xianyang normal university,xianyang 712.00,china 3{2. of Modern phys.cs,Lanzhou university,Lanzhou 730000,china 4{2. of Applied phys.cs,Xi’an Jiaotong university,Xi’an 710049,china 1. Institute of Modern phys.cs Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. department of phys.cs Xianyang Normal University Xianyang 712000 China 3. department of Modern phys.cs Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 4. department of Applied phys.cs Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

Using the slow highly charged ions 12. Xe q+ (q=2.,2.,2.;initial kinetic T0≤4.65 keV/a.u.)to impact Au surface,the Au atomic Mαcharacteristic X-ray spectrum is *** result shows that as long as the charge state of projectile is high enough,the heavy atomic characteristic X-ray can be effectively excited even though the incident beam is very weak(nA magnitude),and the X-ray yield per ion is in the order of 10-8and increases with the kinetic energy and potential energy of *** measuring the Au Mα-X-ray spectra,Au atomic N-level lifetime is estimated at about 1.33×10-18s based on Heisenberg uncertainty relation.

关键词： slow highly charged ions characteristic X-ray level lifetime

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X-ray spectra induced in highly charged 40Ar^q+ interacting with Au surface

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Science china(phys.cs,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第2期49卷 203-212页

作者： ZHANG Xiao’an1,2. XIAO Guoqing1, YANG Zhihu1, CHEN Ximeng3, ZHAO Yongtao1, LI Fuli4, ZHANG Yinping1, CUI Ying3, ZHANG Hongqiang3, XU Xu3, SHAO Jianxiong3 & ZHAN Wenlong11. Institute of Modern phys.cs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china {2., xianyang normal university, xianyang 712.00, china 3. department of Modern phys.cs, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 730000, china 4. department of Applied phys.cs, Xi’an Jiaotong university, Xi’an 710049, china 1. Institute of Modern phys.cs Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. department of phys.cs Xianyang Normal University Xianyang 712000 China 3. department of Modern phys.cs Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 4. department of Applied phys.cs Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

By use of optical spectrum technology, the spectra of X-ray induced by highly charged 40Arq+ ions interacting with Au surface have been studied. The results show that the argon Kα X-ray were emitted from the hollow atoms formed below the surface. There is a process of multi-electron exciting in neutralization of the Ar16+ion, with electronic con-figuration 1s2.in its ground state below the solid surface. The yield of the projectile Kα X-ray is related to its initial electronic configuration, and the yield of the target X-ray is related to the projectile kinetic energy.

关键词： highly charged ion hollow multi-electron excitation X- ray.

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X-ray spectra induced by slow highly charged Ar^(q+) ions in collision with Nb surface

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Science china(phys.cs,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第10期51卷 1463-1469页

作者： YANG ZhiHu1, CUI Ying2. CHEN XiMeng2. SONG ZhangYong1, SHAO JianXiong2. RUAN FangFang1, ZHANG HongQiang2. DU Juan2. LIU YuWen2. GAO ZhiMing2. ZHANG XiaoAn3, ZHU KeXin1, YU DeYang1 & CAI XiaoHong1 1 Institute of Modern phys.cs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 2.{2. of Modern phys.cs, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 730000, china 3 {2. of phys.cs, xianyang normal College, xianyang 712.00, china 1. Institute of Modern phys.cs Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. department of Modern phys.cs Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 3. department of phys.cs Xianyang Normal College Xianyang 712000 China

The X-ray spectra of Nb surface induced by Arq+ (q =16,17) ions with the energy range from 10 to 2. keV/q were studied by the optical spectrum technology. The experimental results indicate that the multi-electron excitation occurred as a highly charged Ar16+ ion was neutralized below the metal surface. The K shell electron of Ar16+ was excited and then de-excited cascadly to emit K X-ray. The intensity of the X-ray emitted from K shell of the hollow Ar atom decreased with the increase of projectile kinetic energy. The intensity of the X-ray emitted from L shell of the target atom Nb increased with the increase of projectile kinetic energy. The X-ray yield of Ar17+ is three magnitude orders larger than that of Ar16+.

关键词： highly charged ion hollow atom multi-electron X-ray

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Density functional study on enantioselective reduction of keto oxime ether with borane catalyzed by oxazaborolidine

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Science china Chemistry 2006年第4期49卷 296-307页

作者： LI Ming1, ZHENG Wenxu2.& TIAN Anmin2.1. department of Chemistry, Southwest-china {2. university, Chongqing 400715, china 2. department of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu 610064, china 1. department of Chemistry Southwest-China Normal University Chongqing 400715 China 2. department of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China

The enantioselective reduction of keto oxime ether with borane catalyzed by oxazaborolidine is discussed by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The main intermediates and transition states for this reaction are optimized completely at the B3LYP/6-31g(d) level, and the transition states are verified by vibrational modes. As shown, the chirality-controlled steps for this re- action are the hydride transfer from borane to carbonyl carbon and oxime carbon of keto oxime ether, and the chirality for the reduced products is determined in these two reaction steps. In all examined reaction paths, the first hydride is transferred via a six-membered ring and the second hydride via a five-membered ring or a four-membered ring.

关键词： keto oxime ether, oxazaborolidine, enantioselective reduction, DFT.

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The influence of laser pulse on the photoabsorption spectra of Li atom in strong external field

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Science china(phys.cs,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第2期49卷 178-186页

作者： WANG Dehua1 & LIN Shenglu2.1. School of phys.cs and Electronic Engineering, Yantai normal {2., Yantai 2.402., china 2. department of phys.cs, Shandong normal {2., Jinan 2.0014, china 1. School of phys.cs and Electronic Engineering Yantai Normal University Yantai 264025 China 2. department of phys.cs Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China

Using the time-dependent perturbation theory and the calculation formula of the single- and double-pulse absorption spectra of the atom in strong external fields, we calculate the single- and double-pulse absorption spectra of Li atom in strong magnetic field for different pulse widths. The results show that a pulse of some width can reduce the contribution of the short period closed orbits and eliminate the contribution of the long period orbits. Compared with the single-pulse absorption spectra, we found that for some phase differences, the double-pulse laser absorption spectra are strengthened; while for others, they are reduced. Therefore, we can use the pulse laser to control the oscillation of the absorption spectra and obtain the optimization object.

关键词： laser pulse closed orbit absorption spectra.

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Transitional function of DG to CA3 in the hippocampus

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1436-1444页

作者： Yan Chuankui1 and Liu Shenquan2.1. department of Mathematics, Hangzhou normal {2., Hangzhou 310036, china 2. department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, South china {2. of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, china) department of Mathematics Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China department of Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical Sciences South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China

Using single cell channel model, the transmission features of CA3-DG network in the hippocampus are investigated. The influence of the stimulation on discharge pattern of pyramidal neurons is analyzed, which shows that it starts with period spiking discharges, followed by period-doubling bifurcation to chaos, and period 3 discharge evolving into chaos, and ultimately a period of bursting discharges. By the synaptic model, the CA3-DG network model is constructed, which analyzes the summation of postsynaptic currents in the network, the influence of postsynaptic current on discharge rhythm as well as the mechanism of bursting discharges. The strong capacity of spatiotemporal encoding in the network indicates the features of CA3 network during the information transmission process in the hippocampus. The modeling result with time delay of the synaptic transmission is in accordance with the experimental phenomena of action potential in the hippocampus.

关键词： hippocampus CA3-DG period-doubling bifurcation chaos.

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