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Immune checkpoint inhibitors:breakthroughs in cancer treatment

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 451-472页

作者： Xueqing kong Jinyi Zhang Shuwei Chen Xianyang Wang Qing Xi Han Shen Rongxin Zhang Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation School of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China department of Biology School of Life Sciences and BiopharmaceuticsGuangdong Pharmaceutical UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Over the past two decades,immunotherapies have increasingly been considered as first-line treatments for most *** such treatment is immune checkpoint blockade(ICB),which has demonstrated promising results against various solid tumors in clinical *** antibodies(mAbs)are currently available as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).These ICIs target specific immune checkpoints,including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4)and programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1).Clinical trial results strongly support the feasibility of this immunotherapeutic ***,a substantial proportion of patients with cancer develop resistance or tolerance to treatment,owing to tumor immune evasion mechanisms that counteract the host immune ***,substantial research focus has been aimed at identifying additional ICIs or synergistic inhibitory receptors to enhance the effectiveness of anti-PD-1,anti-programmed cell death ligand 1(anti-PD-L1),and anti-CTLA-4 ***,several immune checkpoint molecular targets have been identified,such as T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains(TIGIT),mucin domain containing-3(TIM-3),lymphocyte activation gene-3(LAG-3),V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation(VISTA),B and T lymphocyte attenuator(BTLA),and signal-regulatory proteinα(SIRPα).Functional m Abs targeting these molecules are under ***-4,PD-1/PD-L1,and other recently discovered immune checkpoint proteins with distinct structures are at the forefront of *** review discusses these structures,as well as clinical progress in m Abs targeting these immune checkpoint molecules and their potential applications.

关键词： Immunotherapy cancer ICIs PD-1 CTLA-4

Switching on/off phosphorescent or non-radiative channels by aggregation-induced quantum interference

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 175-184页

作者： Yi kong Yu-Chen Wang Xunkun Huang WanZhen Liang Yi Zhao department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesiChEMFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistryand College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenPeople’s Republic of China

Pure organic materials with persistent and efficient room-temperature phosphorescence have recently aroused great research interest due to their vast potential in *** crucial design principle for such materials is to suppress as much as possible the non-radiative decay of the triplet exciton while maintaining a moderate phosphorescent radiative ***,molecular engineering often exhibits similar regulation trends for the two ***,we propose that the quantum interference caused by aggregation can be utilized to control the phosphorescent and non-radiative decay *** systematically analyze various constructive and destructive transition pathways in aggregates with different molecular packing types and establish clear relationships between the luminescence characters and the signs of the singlet and triplet excitonic *** is shown that the decay channels can be flexibly switched on or off by regulating the packing type and excitonic *** importantly,an enhanced phosphorescent decay and a completely suppressed non-radiative decay can be simultaneously realized in the aggregate packed with inversion *** work lays the theoretical foundation for future experimental realization of quantum interference effects in phosphorescence.

关键词： excitonic coupling intersystem crossing organic aggregates organic room temperature phosphorescence quantum interference

Assimilation of GOES-R Geostationary Lightning Mapper Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar, EnKF, and Hybrid En3DVar for the Analysis and Short-Term Forecast of a Supercell Storm Case

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： Rong kong Ming XUE Edward R.MANSELL Chengsi LIU Alexandre O.FIERRO Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A university of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to assimilate Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite “R-series ”(GOES-R) Geostationary Lightning Mapper(GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the operational Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation ensemble Kalman filter(GSI-EnKF) framework were previously developed and tested with a mesoscale convective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities are further developed to assimilate GOES GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-variational(EnVar) hybrid data assimilation(DA) framework. The results of assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar, and pure En3DVar(PEn3DVar, using 100% ensemble covariance and no static covariance) are compared with those of EnKF/DfEnKF for a supercell storm case. The focus of this study is to validate the correctness and evaluate the performance of the new implementation rather than comparing the performance of FED DA among different DA schemes. Only the results of 3DVar and pEn3DVar are examined and compared with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilation of a single FED observation shows that the magnitude and horizontal extent of the analysis increments from PEn3DVar are generally larger than from EnKF, which is mainly caused by using different localization strategies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar as well as the integration limits of the graupel mass in the observation operator. Overall, the forecast performance of PEn3DVar is comparable to EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting correct implementation.

关键词： GOES-R lightning data assimilation EnKF EnVar

FREE-SURFACE WAVES AND FAR WAKES GENERATED BY A FLOATING BODY IN A VISCOUS FLUID

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2003年第4期15卷 10-16页

作者： Lu Dong-qiang department of Mechanical Engineering, The university of {2., {2., china Shanghai Institute of Applied mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai university, Shanghai 2.0072. china department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Shanghai Institute of Applied mathematics and Mechanics Shanghai University Shanghai 200072 China

The free-surface waves and the flow field due to a body moving on the surfaceof an incompressible viscous fluid of infinite depth were studied analytically. The floating bodywas modeled as a normal point pressure on the free surface. Based on the Oseen approximation forgoverning equations and the linearity assumption for boundary conditions, the exact solutions inintegral form for the free-surface elevation, the velocities and the pressure were given. Byemploying Lighthill's two-stage scheme, the asymptotic representations in far field for largeReynolds numbers were derived explicitly. The effect of viscosity on the wave profiles was expressedby an exponential decay factor, which removes the singular behavior predicted by the potentialtheory.

关键词： free-surface waves velocity distribution floating body viscosity asymptotic representation light-hill's two-stage scheme

Phase transition of multi-component(TiZrVNb)C ceramics—Part I:Phase decomposition induced by carbon content

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 679-688页

作者： Qingyi kong Rao Zhang Lei Chen Sijia Huo Wenyu Lu Yujin Wang Boxin Wei Yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structure‒Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150001China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Phase decomposition can effectively enhance the mechanical properties of carbide ceramics and can overcome the difficulty of enhancing the mechanical properties of single-phase multicomponent carbide *** this work,a series of nonstoichiometric(TiZrVNb)Cx ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS)at different *** effects of the carbon content on the phase composition,microstructure evolution,and mechanical properties were investigated in *** decomposition occurred with decreasing carbon *** different solid solutions of(Ti,V)-rich and Zr-rich phases formed from the decomposition of equimolar single-phase solid solutions,namely,the Zr-poor phase and Zr-rich phase,*** distribution of Nb element is relatively *** semicoherent interfaces between the Zr-poor phase and the Zr-rich phase can harden and strengthen effectively under the synergistic effect of grain *** with phase decomposition structures have apparent advantages compared to single-phase high-entropy *** work provides an important train of thought for the microstructure tailoring and properties optimization of multi-component carbide ceramics.

关键词： multicomponent ceramics nontoichiometry microstructure evolution phase decomposition mechanical properties

Advanced Design of Soft Robots with Artificial Intelligence

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 474-521页

作者： Ying Cao Bingang Xu Bin Li hong Fu Nanotechnology Center School of Fashion and TextilesThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077People's Republic of China department of mathematics and Information Technology The Education University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People's Republic of China Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049People's Republic of China

In recent years,breakthrough has been made in the field of artificial intelligence(AI),which has also revolutionized the industry of *** robots featured with high-level safety,less weight,lower power consumption have always been one of the research ***,multifunctional sensors for perception of soft robotics have been rapidly developed,while more algorithms and models of machine learning with high accuracy have been optimized and *** of soft robots with AI have also been advanced ranging from multimodal sensing,human-machine interaction to effective actuation in robotic ***-less,comprehensive reviews concerning the new developments and strategies for the ingenious design of the soft robotic systems equipped with AI are ***,the new development is systematically reviewed in the field of soft robots with ***,background and mechanisms of soft robotic systems are briefed,after which development focused on how to endow the soft robots with AI,including the aspects of feeling,thought and reaction,is ***,applications of soft robots with AI are systematically summarized and discussed together with advanced strategies proposed for performance *** thoughts for future intelligent soft robotics are pointed ***,some perspectives are put forward.

关键词： Soft robotic systems Artificial intelligence Design tactics Review and perspective

Viscosity solution to nonlinear H_∞ control

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第11期42卷 890-894页

作者： hong Yiguang, YUNG Siupang, MEI Shengwei and QIN Huashu1. Institute of Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, china {2., hong kong university, hong kong, china Institute of Systems Science Chinese Academy of Scirnces Beijing China department of mathematics How Kong University Hong Kong China

where the state variable x∈R^n,the output z∈R^k,the control variable u∈U R^m,and thedisturbance w∈W R^l.U and W are compact.F,Z are C^1 mappings defined in a neigh-

关键词： nonlinear H∞ control viscosity solution disturbance attenuation.

Matrine-loaded self-adhesive swelling microneedle for inflammation regulation to improve eczema treatment

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第3期6卷 535-546页

作者： Jiale Shen Jiarui Wang Meng Wu Yan Shi Minhyeock Lee Zhiguo Wang Ming kong College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China department of Burn and Plastic Surgery the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao UniversityQingdao 266021China department of Biotechnology College of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Eczema is a common chronic dermatological *** treatments exhibit limited efficacy due to fast drug release resulting in short-term *** of a new treatment strategy that enables sustained drug release and longterm maintenance on the skin surface is necessary.A self-adhesive swelling microneedle patch(SDSMNs)was designed and constructed using a two-step casting *** adhesive substrate was prepared by blending gelatin and dopamine via oxidation of NaIO4,so it could adhere onto the skin surface as well as withstand repeated bending movement without *** swelling needles were fabricated using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),which could swell by absorbing interstitial fluid and release the drug in a controlled *** also showed desirable antibacterial activities toward *** and *** adhesive microneedles loaded with matrine(MAT-SDSMNs),an antiinflammatory Chinese medicine,dramatically relieved eczema symptoms through IL-17 mediated inflammation *** use of MAT-SDSMNs significantly decreased the infiltration of inflammation cells and level of inflammatory cytokines,reduced the skin thickness,and increased collagen deposition fraction compared with conventional ointment or subcutaneous *** results suggested that MAT-SDSMNs can improve eczema treatment by regulating the local inflammatory microenvironment,providing a simple,self-administered sustainable strategy for eczema treatment.

关键词： Self-adhesive swelling microneedle Eczema Matrine Inflammation regulation

Progress and Implications from Genetic Studies of Bipolar Disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第8期40卷 1160-1172页

作者： Lingzhuo kong Yiqing Chen Yuting Shen Danhua Zhang Chen Wei Jianbo Lai Shaohua Hu department of Psychiatry the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management in Zhejiang Province Hangzhou310003China Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang university Hangzhou310003China Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health Hangzhou310003China department of Neurobiology NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologySchool of Brain Science and Brian Medicineand MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine IntegrationZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003China

With the advancements in gene sequencing technologies,including genome-wide association studies,polygenetic risk scores,and high-throughput sequencing,there has been a tremendous advantage in mapping a detailed blueprint for the genetic model of bipolar disorder(BD).To date,intriguing genetic clues have been identified to explain the development of BD,as well as the genetic association that might be applied for the development of susceptibility prediction and pharmacogenetic *** genes of BD,such as CACNA1C,ANK3,TRANK1,and CLOCK,have been found to be involved in various pathophysiological processes correlated with *** the specific roles of these genes have yet to be determined,genetic research on BD will help improve the prevention,therapeutics,and prognosis in clinical *** latest preclinical and clinical studies,and reviews of the genetics of BD,are analyzed in this review,aiming to summarize the progress in this intriguing field and to provide perspectives for individualized,precise,and effective clinical practice.

关键词： Bipolar disorder Genetics Risk gene Genome-wide association study Sequencing technology